1. Western Governors University
2. D 236
Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Latest Update
pharmacokinetics Ans: relationship between drug dosage and
concentration in plasma over time, determines onset, duration,
and intensity of drug
pharmacodynamics Ans: relationship between drug concentration
over time and therapeutic response
chemical specificity for receptors Ans: specificity between
receptors and bonds, EX strict structural requirements for binding
receptor saturability Ans: only a finite number of receptors that
can be occupied
receptor affinity Ans: measure of attraction between drug and
receptor
drug potency Ans: dose required to have certain effect, related to
affinity of receptor
ED50 Ans: dose which produces 50% of maximum effect, used to
compare drugs in terms of potency
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, drug efficacy Ans: maximal effect achievable for a drug, related to
number of receptor/complexes formed, intrinsic activity of drug in
activating receptor
full agonist Ans: affinity to, and full activator, of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), increases activity above basal level of
receptor where receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of
activity in the absence of a ligand
inverse agonist Ans: affinity to, and full activator of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), but has exact opposite effect of full
agonist (metoprolol), decreases activity below basal level of
receptor where receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of
activity in the absence of a ligand
partial agonist Ans: affinity to receptor but only partially activates
a receptor, produces less than the ceiling effect of a full agonist
pure antagonist Ans: affinity to receptor but produces no
activation, dose curve is a straight line across the bottom of an XY
graph (EX oraverse vasodilates, overcoming the vasocontriction of
the LA)
neutral antgonist Ans: has no activity in the absence of an agonist
or inverse agonist but can block either's activity
competitive antagonist Ans: lacks efficacy, competes with agonists
for binding sites, inhibitory effect can be overcome by increasing
concentration of competing agonist
know the second slide on page 10 of principles of drugs Ans:
which drugs is most potent, least potenet, most efficient and least
efficient
physiological antagonism Ans: stimulates competing/opposite
physiological responses which counteract the effects of a
© 2025 All rights reserved
2. D 236
Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Latest Update
pharmacokinetics Ans: relationship between drug dosage and
concentration in plasma over time, determines onset, duration,
and intensity of drug
pharmacodynamics Ans: relationship between drug concentration
over time and therapeutic response
chemical specificity for receptors Ans: specificity between
receptors and bonds, EX strict structural requirements for binding
receptor saturability Ans: only a finite number of receptors that
can be occupied
receptor affinity Ans: measure of attraction between drug and
receptor
drug potency Ans: dose required to have certain effect, related to
affinity of receptor
ED50 Ans: dose which produces 50% of maximum effect, used to
compare drugs in terms of potency
© 2025 All rights reserved
, drug efficacy Ans: maximal effect achievable for a drug, related to
number of receptor/complexes formed, intrinsic activity of drug in
activating receptor
full agonist Ans: affinity to, and full activator, of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), increases activity above basal level of
receptor where receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of
activity in the absence of a ligand
inverse agonist Ans: affinity to, and full activator of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), but has exact opposite effect of full
agonist (metoprolol), decreases activity below basal level of
receptor where receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of
activity in the absence of a ligand
partial agonist Ans: affinity to receptor but only partially activates
a receptor, produces less than the ceiling effect of a full agonist
pure antagonist Ans: affinity to receptor but produces no
activation, dose curve is a straight line across the bottom of an XY
graph (EX oraverse vasodilates, overcoming the vasocontriction of
the LA)
neutral antgonist Ans: has no activity in the absence of an agonist
or inverse agonist but can block either's activity
competitive antagonist Ans: lacks efficacy, competes with agonists
for binding sites, inhibitory effect can be overcome by increasing
concentration of competing agonist
know the second slide on page 10 of principles of drugs Ans:
which drugs is most potent, least potenet, most efficient and least
efficient
physiological antagonism Ans: stimulates competing/opposite
physiological responses which counteract the effects of a
© 2025 All rights reserved
