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Bergen Community College
BIO 109 Muscle Anatomy Overview for
Exam II Questions and Answers 2026 Latest
Update
What is the function of the muscles associated with the occipital bone and
scapula? Ans: To elevate and retract the scapula.
What muscle closes the eye? Ans: Orbicularis oculi.
What is the function of the levator palpebrae superioris? Ans: It opens the
eye.
What is the anatomical location of the frontalis muscle? Ans: Over the
frontal bone.
What is the anatomical location of the occipitalis muscle? Ans: Over the
occipital bone.
What connects the frontalis and occipitalis muscles? Ans: The epicranial
aponeurosis.
What is the function of the orbicularis oris? Ans: It closes the lips over the
teeth.
What does the levator labii superioris muscle do? Ans: It elevates the lips on
the superior side of the mouth.
What is the function of the depressor labii inferioris? Ans: It depresses the
lips on the inferior side of the mouth.
What action does the depressor anguli oris muscle perform? Ans: It
contributes to frowning.
What is the function of the mentalis muscle? Ans: It makes you pout.
© 2026 All rights reserved
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What do the zygomaticus major and minor muscles do? Ans: They make
you smile.
What type of smile does the risorius muscle create? Ans: A fake smile.
What is the function of the platysma muscle? Ans: It also makes you pout,
but is a very weak muscle.
Which muscle is preferred for stronger neck movements over the platysma?
Ans: Sternocleidomastoid.
What muscle elevates and retracts the mandible? Ans: Temporalis
Which muscle is also responsible for elevating and retracting the mandible?
Ans: Masseter
What is the function of the medial pterygoid muscle? Ans: It elevates,
protracts the jaw, and moves the jaw from side to side.
What is the role of the lateral pterygoid muscle? Ans: It moves the jaw from
side to side and opens or depresses the mouth.
What muscle pulls the tongue in? Ans: Styloglossus
What muscle sticks the tongue out? Ans: Genioglossus
What is the function of the palatoglossus muscle? Ans: It elevates the
tongue.
What muscle depresses the tongue? Ans: Hyoglossus
What does the medial rectus muscle do? Ans: It moves the eyeball medially.
What is the action of the lateral rectus muscle? Ans: It pulls the eyeball
laterally.
What does the superior rectus muscle do? Ans: It pulls the eyeball up and
in.
What is the function of the inferior rectus muscle? Ans: It pulls the eyeball
down and in.
What is unique about the action of the superior oblique muscle? Ans: It rolls
the eyeball down and out.
© 2026 All rights reserved
Bergen Community College
BIO 109 Muscle Anatomy Overview for
Exam II Questions and Answers 2026 Latest
Update
What is the function of the muscles associated with the occipital bone and
scapula? Ans: To elevate and retract the scapula.
What muscle closes the eye? Ans: Orbicularis oculi.
What is the function of the levator palpebrae superioris? Ans: It opens the
eye.
What is the anatomical location of the frontalis muscle? Ans: Over the
frontal bone.
What is the anatomical location of the occipitalis muscle? Ans: Over the
occipital bone.
What connects the frontalis and occipitalis muscles? Ans: The epicranial
aponeurosis.
What is the function of the orbicularis oris? Ans: It closes the lips over the
teeth.
What does the levator labii superioris muscle do? Ans: It elevates the lips on
the superior side of the mouth.
What is the function of the depressor labii inferioris? Ans: It depresses the
lips on the inferior side of the mouth.
What action does the depressor anguli oris muscle perform? Ans: It
contributes to frowning.
What is the function of the mentalis muscle? Ans: It makes you pout.
© 2026 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
What do the zygomaticus major and minor muscles do? Ans: They make
you smile.
What type of smile does the risorius muscle create? Ans: A fake smile.
What is the function of the platysma muscle? Ans: It also makes you pout,
but is a very weak muscle.
Which muscle is preferred for stronger neck movements over the platysma?
Ans: Sternocleidomastoid.
What muscle elevates and retracts the mandible? Ans: Temporalis
Which muscle is also responsible for elevating and retracting the mandible?
Ans: Masseter
What is the function of the medial pterygoid muscle? Ans: It elevates,
protracts the jaw, and moves the jaw from side to side.
What is the role of the lateral pterygoid muscle? Ans: It moves the jaw from
side to side and opens or depresses the mouth.
What muscle pulls the tongue in? Ans: Styloglossus
What muscle sticks the tongue out? Ans: Genioglossus
What is the function of the palatoglossus muscle? Ans: It elevates the
tongue.
What muscle depresses the tongue? Ans: Hyoglossus
What does the medial rectus muscle do? Ans: It moves the eyeball medially.
What is the action of the lateral rectus muscle? Ans: It pulls the eyeball
laterally.
What does the superior rectus muscle do? Ans: It pulls the eyeball up and
in.
What is the function of the inferior rectus muscle? Ans: It pulls the eyeball
down and in.
What is unique about the action of the superior oblique muscle? Ans: It rolls
the eyeball down and out.
© 2026 All rights reserved
