EVR 1001 MIDTERM FSU | TOP SCORES MADE SIMPLE
| TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
what is env. science? Answer: Studies the interactions of the physical, chemical and
biological components of the environment/ explores our interactions with the world
human population growth Answer: -7 billion + people (bc of stable food supplies and use
of fossil fuels)
-increasing at rate of 1 billion people/13 yrs.
Malthusian Population Growth Answer: All natural populations grow exponentially until
they reach the carrying capacity of their environment (resources, food supply)
Carrying Capacity Answer: -Human carrying capacity estimates are variable (1-40 billion)
-Carrying capacity is not constant
Ecological footprint Answer: a measure of human impact on Earth's ecosystems (U.S.
footprint is much greater than the world's average)
Sustainability Answer: the ability to continue a defined behavior/action indefinitely.
triple bottom line Answer: sustainable solutions that
meet
- Environmental protection
- Economic goals
- Social equity
Decision-making relies on: Answer: - Values (Protection of ecosystems & species, Human
equality, Economic progress)
- Science (Determine likely outcomes of different scenarios, Assess uncertainty of
outcomes)
Ecological Justification Answer: Ecosystems are interconnected and healthy ecosystems
may be required for the perseverance of many different species
Utilitarian Justification Answer: Environment has quantifiable value to humans
or provides necessary services (justification by economics)
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Aesthetic & Recreational Justifications Answer: Beauty of nature, Joy derived from being in
the wilderness, Numerous recreational activities, Spiritual, creative, and emotional value
of nature
Moral Justification Answer: Do non-humans have rights? Specific species? Entire
ecosystems? Future generations?
Cultural Justification Answer: Thousands of culture on earth, Each has different specific
values and beliefs
Ethical perspective: Answer: -Anthropocentrism: human
centered view
-Biocentrism: humans and non human life have ethical standings/values
-Ecocentrism: places higher value on the
ecosystem
Population dynamics Answer: general study of population changes
Population Answer: Group of individuals of the same species living in the same area
Species Answer: All individuals that are capable of interbreeding
Demography Answer: Statistical study of human populations
Five key properties of any population Answer: Abundance, Birth rates, Death rates, Growth
rates, Age structure
Exponential growth Answer: A population increasing by a constant percentage
per unit time
Human population growth Answer: peaked at 2.1% now at 1.2%
Stages of HPG Answer: 1)Early Period of hunter and gatherers (less than a few mil ppl)
2)Rise of agriculture (increase in pop. 200-300 mill)
3)Industrial Revolution,Improvements in health and food (3 billion)
4)Currently (over 7 billion)
doubling time Answer: Calculated by dividing annual growth rate (%) into 70 (Rule of 70)
Logistic growth Answer: S shape, Growth increases exponentially only temporarily to the
inflection point, assumes consistency
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, most important statistic in population growth Answer: total fertility rate (controlled by
social and technical factors)
age structure Answer: -express how population is
divided among age groups
types of age structure Answer: 1)Pyramid: population with many young and high
death rate (short average lifetime)
2Inverted Pyramid: population with large elderly
population and small youth (declining growth)
3)Column: birth rate and death rate are low, little change in population size
4)Column with bulge: event in the past caused a high birth or death rate for some age group
Life expectancy Answer: Average number of years an individual in a species
can expect to live,
Acute diseases Answer: Appears rapidly in the population and then disappears
Chronic diseases Answer: Always present in population (cancer, heart
disease, etc.)
Impact (I=PxAxT) Answer: - P = population size
- A = affluence (increase) greater per capita consumption
- T = Technology - enhances our ability to exploit resources
How many people can live on Earth at the same time? Answer: Depends on the quality of
life people desire and are willing to accept
Limiting factors Answer: -Short-term: affect population immediately
-Intermediate-term: affect population for 1-10 years
-Long-term: effects not apparent until after 10 years
population growth mean for the environment Answer: -70% more food
-80% more water
-200% more energy
Disprovability Answer: statement can be deemed false (non scientific if can't be disproved)
Deductive reasoning Answer: process of reasoning from one or more statements/facts
(premises) to reach a logically certain conclusion
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
| TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
what is env. science? Answer: Studies the interactions of the physical, chemical and
biological components of the environment/ explores our interactions with the world
human population growth Answer: -7 billion + people (bc of stable food supplies and use
of fossil fuels)
-increasing at rate of 1 billion people/13 yrs.
Malthusian Population Growth Answer: All natural populations grow exponentially until
they reach the carrying capacity of their environment (resources, food supply)
Carrying Capacity Answer: -Human carrying capacity estimates are variable (1-40 billion)
-Carrying capacity is not constant
Ecological footprint Answer: a measure of human impact on Earth's ecosystems (U.S.
footprint is much greater than the world's average)
Sustainability Answer: the ability to continue a defined behavior/action indefinitely.
triple bottom line Answer: sustainable solutions that
meet
- Environmental protection
- Economic goals
- Social equity
Decision-making relies on: Answer: - Values (Protection of ecosystems & species, Human
equality, Economic progress)
- Science (Determine likely outcomes of different scenarios, Assess uncertainty of
outcomes)
Ecological Justification Answer: Ecosystems are interconnected and healthy ecosystems
may be required for the perseverance of many different species
Utilitarian Justification Answer: Environment has quantifiable value to humans
or provides necessary services (justification by economics)
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Aesthetic & Recreational Justifications Answer: Beauty of nature, Joy derived from being in
the wilderness, Numerous recreational activities, Spiritual, creative, and emotional value
of nature
Moral Justification Answer: Do non-humans have rights? Specific species? Entire
ecosystems? Future generations?
Cultural Justification Answer: Thousands of culture on earth, Each has different specific
values and beliefs
Ethical perspective: Answer: -Anthropocentrism: human
centered view
-Biocentrism: humans and non human life have ethical standings/values
-Ecocentrism: places higher value on the
ecosystem
Population dynamics Answer: general study of population changes
Population Answer: Group of individuals of the same species living in the same area
Species Answer: All individuals that are capable of interbreeding
Demography Answer: Statistical study of human populations
Five key properties of any population Answer: Abundance, Birth rates, Death rates, Growth
rates, Age structure
Exponential growth Answer: A population increasing by a constant percentage
per unit time
Human population growth Answer: peaked at 2.1% now at 1.2%
Stages of HPG Answer: 1)Early Period of hunter and gatherers (less than a few mil ppl)
2)Rise of agriculture (increase in pop. 200-300 mill)
3)Industrial Revolution,Improvements in health and food (3 billion)
4)Currently (over 7 billion)
doubling time Answer: Calculated by dividing annual growth rate (%) into 70 (Rule of 70)
Logistic growth Answer: S shape, Growth increases exponentially only temporarily to the
inflection point, assumes consistency
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, most important statistic in population growth Answer: total fertility rate (controlled by
social and technical factors)
age structure Answer: -express how population is
divided among age groups
types of age structure Answer: 1)Pyramid: population with many young and high
death rate (short average lifetime)
2Inverted Pyramid: population with large elderly
population and small youth (declining growth)
3)Column: birth rate and death rate are low, little change in population size
4)Column with bulge: event in the past caused a high birth or death rate for some age group
Life expectancy Answer: Average number of years an individual in a species
can expect to live,
Acute diseases Answer: Appears rapidly in the population and then disappears
Chronic diseases Answer: Always present in population (cancer, heart
disease, etc.)
Impact (I=PxAxT) Answer: - P = population size
- A = affluence (increase) greater per capita consumption
- T = Technology - enhances our ability to exploit resources
How many people can live on Earth at the same time? Answer: Depends on the quality of
life people desire and are willing to accept
Limiting factors Answer: -Short-term: affect population immediately
-Intermediate-term: affect population for 1-10 years
-Long-term: effects not apparent until after 10 years
population growth mean for the environment Answer: -70% more food
-80% more water
-200% more energy
Disprovability Answer: statement can be deemed false (non scientific if can't be disproved)
Deductive reasoning Answer: process of reasoning from one or more statements/facts
(premises) to reach a logically certain conclusion
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
