CERTIFIED LACTATION COURSE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
(LATEST 2026 – 2027)
most common type of nipples; protrudes slightly at rest & everts well with stimulation -
correct answer>>everted nipples
soft, but pliable & graspable - correct answer>>flat nipples
appear to be inverted but will evert with stimulation or compression - correct
answer>>pseudo-inverted nipples
type of inverted nipples that appear to be graspable but retracts, rather than everts,
with compression - correct answer>>retracted nipples
retracted nipples that occur with retracted both with rest and stimualtion - correct
answer>>inverted nipples/nipple inversion
-inverted syringe
-supple cups
-breast shells
,-avent nipplette
-"pinch test" in last trimester of pregnancy - correct answer>>what are some techniques
for flat/inverted nipples that may help to evert nipples?
"3rd nipple" or "accessory nipple" found along line of glandular tissue - correct
answer>>supernumerary nipples
2/3 glandular tissue
1/3 adipose tissue - correct answer>>what is breast tissue composed of?
aka cooper's ligaments;
heavy fibrous bands that divide adipose and glandular tissue of breasts into segments -
correct answer>>suspensory ligaments
breasts and areola are high innervated by 4th-6th intercostal nerves (greatest amount of
innervation from 4th intercostal nerve) to bring sensation from behind from spine along
ribs to chest and breasts - correct answer>>describe breast innervation
-examine bilaterally at same time
-observe shape, size, symmetry, elasticity
-look for bumps, edema, engorgement, scars, anything abnormal - correct answer>>how
to properly perform breast assessment:
-4 sections called quadrants
-lactocytes (cells that make milk) fill each alveoli --> alveoli fill lobes of breasts --> lobes
surround areola of breasts --> breast milk secreted into lumen of alveolus --> from
center of alveolus, milk moves into small channel (ductile) (many of these, delicate) -->
each ductile drains into large lactiferous or mammary duct --> ducts terminate at the
nipple
, **AKA: lactocytes --> alevoli --> small ductile --> mammary duct --> larger mammary
ducts --> nipple opening - correct answer>>what are the internal features of the
breasts?
lactocytes (milk producing cells) - correct answer>>what is the "foundation" of milk
production?
breast buds/neonatal engorgement in full term infants that may be mistaken for baby
acne; self resolve by 4 weeks pp - correct answer>>what is witch's milk?
different hormones cause breast changes during pregnancy which are critical in assisting
with breastfeeding in the pp period;
examples:
-estrogen: cause ductile system to proliferate
-progesterone: promotes and increases the size of breast lobes and alveoli
-serum prolactin: nipple growth
-serum placental lactogen: areolar growth - correct answer>>why is it critical to ask
mothers about breast changes during pregnancy when completing an assessment
occurs between 16-20 weeks of pregnancy until milk surges, or comes in, after birth
breast size increases
differentiation between alveolar cells into secretory cells occur
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
(LATEST 2026 – 2027)
most common type of nipples; protrudes slightly at rest & everts well with stimulation -
correct answer>>everted nipples
soft, but pliable & graspable - correct answer>>flat nipples
appear to be inverted but will evert with stimulation or compression - correct
answer>>pseudo-inverted nipples
type of inverted nipples that appear to be graspable but retracts, rather than everts,
with compression - correct answer>>retracted nipples
retracted nipples that occur with retracted both with rest and stimualtion - correct
answer>>inverted nipples/nipple inversion
-inverted syringe
-supple cups
-breast shells
,-avent nipplette
-"pinch test" in last trimester of pregnancy - correct answer>>what are some techniques
for flat/inverted nipples that may help to evert nipples?
"3rd nipple" or "accessory nipple" found along line of glandular tissue - correct
answer>>supernumerary nipples
2/3 glandular tissue
1/3 adipose tissue - correct answer>>what is breast tissue composed of?
aka cooper's ligaments;
heavy fibrous bands that divide adipose and glandular tissue of breasts into segments -
correct answer>>suspensory ligaments
breasts and areola are high innervated by 4th-6th intercostal nerves (greatest amount of
innervation from 4th intercostal nerve) to bring sensation from behind from spine along
ribs to chest and breasts - correct answer>>describe breast innervation
-examine bilaterally at same time
-observe shape, size, symmetry, elasticity
-look for bumps, edema, engorgement, scars, anything abnormal - correct answer>>how
to properly perform breast assessment:
-4 sections called quadrants
-lactocytes (cells that make milk) fill each alveoli --> alveoli fill lobes of breasts --> lobes
surround areola of breasts --> breast milk secreted into lumen of alveolus --> from
center of alveolus, milk moves into small channel (ductile) (many of these, delicate) -->
each ductile drains into large lactiferous or mammary duct --> ducts terminate at the
nipple
, **AKA: lactocytes --> alevoli --> small ductile --> mammary duct --> larger mammary
ducts --> nipple opening - correct answer>>what are the internal features of the
breasts?
lactocytes (milk producing cells) - correct answer>>what is the "foundation" of milk
production?
breast buds/neonatal engorgement in full term infants that may be mistaken for baby
acne; self resolve by 4 weeks pp - correct answer>>what is witch's milk?
different hormones cause breast changes during pregnancy which are critical in assisting
with breastfeeding in the pp period;
examples:
-estrogen: cause ductile system to proliferate
-progesterone: promotes and increases the size of breast lobes and alveoli
-serum prolactin: nipple growth
-serum placental lactogen: areolar growth - correct answer>>why is it critical to ask
mothers about breast changes during pregnancy when completing an assessment
occurs between 16-20 weeks of pregnancy until milk surges, or comes in, after birth
breast size increases
differentiation between alveolar cells into secretory cells occur
