Endocrine System Review Exam – Study Guide & Practice Questions
gland - (answer)An organ that produces and releases hormones either through ducts or into the
bloodstream.
hormone - (answer)chemical messengers manufactured by the endocrine glands: classified as chemicals
endocrine gland - (answer)Glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream
exocrine gland - (answer)a gland that secretes its product into a duct, which ultimately carries the
product to the surface of the body or into a body cavity. Example: sweat glands
islets of Langerhans - (answer)groups of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon; Found in the
pancreas
negative feedback - (answer)controls the secretions of hormones based on level of the hormone
pituitary gland - (answer)endocrine gland at the base of the brain known as the Master Gland; Divided
into anterior and posterior lobes; controlled by the hypothalamus
growth hormone - (answer)hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland that stimulates growth of
bones
prolactin hormone - (answer)Stimulates production of breast milk
thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) - (answer)stimulates thyroid gland; produces thyroxine
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - (answer)From the Anterior Pituitary gland: Stimulates adrenal
cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) - (answer)From the Anterior Pituitary gland; stimulates the
production of estrogen in females and sperm in males
, Endocrine System Review Exam – Study Guide & Practice Questions
Luteinizing hormone - (answer)secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation and testosterone in
men
Posterior Pituitary lobe - (answer)Secretes Vasopressin - converts to ADH (antidiuretic hormone) in the
bloodstream, acts on kidney to concentrate urine and
preserve H2O in the body
Secretes Oxytocin - released during childbirth causing contractions of
the uterus
thyroid gland - (answer)butterfly shaped gland that regulates metabolism by releasing thyroxine
parathyroid gland - (answer)maintains the calcium-phosphorus balance; secretes parathormone; located
behind the thyroid gland
thymus gland - (answer)lymphoid organ in the mediastinum behind the sternum that conditions T cells
to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response
adrenal glands - (answer)a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete
adrenaline (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress; divided into
cortex and medulla
pancreas - (answer)Produces Insulin and regulates the level of sugar in the blood: contains the Islets of
Langerhans
pineal gland - (answer)produces melatonin; located at the base of the brain
Nervous control - (answer)Sympathetic nervous system gives release of hormone
gland - (answer)An organ that produces and releases hormones either through ducts or into the
bloodstream.
hormone - (answer)chemical messengers manufactured by the endocrine glands: classified as chemicals
endocrine gland - (answer)Glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream
exocrine gland - (answer)a gland that secretes its product into a duct, which ultimately carries the
product to the surface of the body or into a body cavity. Example: sweat glands
islets of Langerhans - (answer)groups of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon; Found in the
pancreas
negative feedback - (answer)controls the secretions of hormones based on level of the hormone
pituitary gland - (answer)endocrine gland at the base of the brain known as the Master Gland; Divided
into anterior and posterior lobes; controlled by the hypothalamus
growth hormone - (answer)hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland that stimulates growth of
bones
prolactin hormone - (answer)Stimulates production of breast milk
thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) - (answer)stimulates thyroid gland; produces thyroxine
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - (answer)From the Anterior Pituitary gland: Stimulates adrenal
cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) - (answer)From the Anterior Pituitary gland; stimulates the
production of estrogen in females and sperm in males
, Endocrine System Review Exam – Study Guide & Practice Questions
Luteinizing hormone - (answer)secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation and testosterone in
men
Posterior Pituitary lobe - (answer)Secretes Vasopressin - converts to ADH (antidiuretic hormone) in the
bloodstream, acts on kidney to concentrate urine and
preserve H2O in the body
Secretes Oxytocin - released during childbirth causing contractions of
the uterus
thyroid gland - (answer)butterfly shaped gland that regulates metabolism by releasing thyroxine
parathyroid gland - (answer)maintains the calcium-phosphorus balance; secretes parathormone; located
behind the thyroid gland
thymus gland - (answer)lymphoid organ in the mediastinum behind the sternum that conditions T cells
to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response
adrenal glands - (answer)a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete
adrenaline (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress; divided into
cortex and medulla
pancreas - (answer)Produces Insulin and regulates the level of sugar in the blood: contains the Islets of
Langerhans
pineal gland - (answer)produces melatonin; located at the base of the brain
Nervous control - (answer)Sympathetic nervous system gives release of hormone
