NHA PCT Exam Infection Control Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Guaranteed Pass

NHA PCT Exam Infection Control Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Guaranteed Pass immunocompromised - answer-having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease Asepsis - answer-absence of significant contamination medical asepsis - answer-practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique surgical asepsis - answer-techniques used to destroy all pathogenic organisms, also called sterile technique what is medical asepsis aka? - answer-clean technique When to perform hand hygiene - answer-- before caring for patient - after contact with bodily fluids - before and after patient procedures, eating and using the br When hands are not visibly soiled - answer-use alcohol based hand rub, 60% surgical asepsis guidelines (sterile technique) - answer-~sterile object must only touch sterile objects ~nonsterile object must only touch nonsterile objects ~if there is doubt about the sterility of an object, it is consiered contaminated~ only use essential staff when doing a sterile procedure ~sterile persons should not lean over a nonsterile area ~ the gown of a sterile person is considered sterile waist up on the front ~ never leave a sterile field unattended ~ a sterile field that has been exposed to open air for a considerable amount of time is contaminated ~ the edges of a contaminated field and anything below waist level are considered contaminated Steps for opening sterile packaging: - answer-1 gather all supplies, check expiration dates, and determine the integrity of the packaging 2 place the package on the work surface 3 gently use fingertips to open the outer folded edge 4 open the flap away from your body by extending your arm as far away from the package as possible 5 using your fingertips, grasp the outside surface of one of the side flaps 6 gently do the same with the opposite side flap 7 pull the last flap toward you cough etiquette - answer-Cover your nose/mouth with a tissue when you cough, and promptly dispose of the contaminated tissue. Place a surgical mask on a patient if it does not compromise respiratory function or is applicable; this may not be feasible in pediatric populations. Perform hand hygiene after contact with contaminated respiratory secretions Maintain spatial separation greater than 3 feet (0.9 meters) from persons with respiratory infection Six links in the chain of infection - answer-1. Infectious Agent 2. Reservoir 3. Portal of Exit 4. Mode of Transmission 5. Portal of Entry 6. Susceptible HostStandard Precautions - answer-A strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious. pathogen - answer-An organism that causes disease virus - answer-A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell. Protozoa - answer-animal-like protists bacteria - answer-single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes fungi - answer-An organism that absorbs nutrients from the environment. reservoir - answer-an enviournment conducive to pathogen survival i.e.: a piece of medical equipment, human body portal of exit - answer-any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave mode of transmission - answer-Specific ways in which microorganisms travel from the reservoir to the suseptible host fomites - answer-any substance or object that adheres to and transmits infectious material vector - answer-an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another. portal of entry - answer-a way for the causative agent to enter a new reservoir or hostsusceptible host - answer-a person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because body defenses are weak what is the main way to break the chain of infection? - answer-effective hand hygiene septicemia - answer-growth of bacteria in the blood acute infection - answer-comes on rapidly, with severe but short-lived effects chronic infection - answer-An infection of long duration latent infection - answer-Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that "come and go", infection in which the infectious agent is present but not causing symptoms ex: herpes simplex oppurtunistic infections - answer-They occur when the body's defenses are weak, such as a patient who has AIDS. ex: oral candidiasis oral candidiasis - answer-fungal infection of the mouth Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - answer-Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material. -gloves -face mask -eye protection (goggles) -gownHealth care-associated infections (HAIs) - answer-An infection that is acquired in a hospital setting, formerly known as a nosocomial infection droplet precaution - answer-Required for pts that have infections that spread via droplets -Larger than 5 microns in diameter -Includes infections pertussis, meningitis, pneumonia, and rubella. -These diseases can be transmitted through contact of the mucous membranes of the eye, mouth, or nose with large particle droplets that occur through sneezing, coughing, and talking. -require tech to wear a mask airborne precautions - answer-Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei. droplets smaller than 5 microns in diameter (ex: varicella, TB, measles)