IOP3701
ASSIGNMENT 01
YEAR 2021
TL001
FOR ASSISTANCE CONTACT
RALPH +27 680 77 9615
, QUESTION 1 Critically discuss the process and designs used in the adaptation
and/or translation of psychological tests for use in multicultural contexts. (10)
The designs for adapting measures can summarily be divided into three namely:
equivalence in cross-cultural comparisons, judgmental designs for adapting measures
and statistical designs for assessing equivalence (Foxfrod et al, 2013).
To begin with equivalence in cross-cultural comparisons .For measures to be
equivalent, individuals with the same or similar standing on a construct, such as
learners with high mathematical ability, but belonging to different groups, such as
Xhosa- and Afrikaans- speaking, should obtain the same or similar scores on the
different language versions of the items. If not, the items are said to be biased and the
two versions of the measure are nonequivalent. To ensure that measures are
equivalent, they are adapted using judgemental and/or statistical designs.
To add on, Judgmental designs for establishing equivalence of adapted measures are
based on the decision by an individual, or group of individuals, on the degree to which
the two measures are similar. The common designs used are: Forward-translation
designs and back-translation designs (Foxfrod et al, 2013)..
Forward-translation designs translates the source version into the target version. In
one version of this design, a sample of target test-takers answer the target version of
the measure and are then questioned by the judges about the meaning of their
responses .Judges decide if the responses reflect a reasonable representation of the
test items in terms of cultural and linguistic understanding.The main judgement is
whether test-takers in the target language perceive the meaning of each item the same
way as the source language test-takers.
ASSIGNMENT 01
YEAR 2021
TL001
FOR ASSISTANCE CONTACT
RALPH +27 680 77 9615
, QUESTION 1 Critically discuss the process and designs used in the adaptation
and/or translation of psychological tests for use in multicultural contexts. (10)
The designs for adapting measures can summarily be divided into three namely:
equivalence in cross-cultural comparisons, judgmental designs for adapting measures
and statistical designs for assessing equivalence (Foxfrod et al, 2013).
To begin with equivalence in cross-cultural comparisons .For measures to be
equivalent, individuals with the same or similar standing on a construct, such as
learners with high mathematical ability, but belonging to different groups, such as
Xhosa- and Afrikaans- speaking, should obtain the same or similar scores on the
different language versions of the items. If not, the items are said to be biased and the
two versions of the measure are nonequivalent. To ensure that measures are
equivalent, they are adapted using judgemental and/or statistical designs.
To add on, Judgmental designs for establishing equivalence of adapted measures are
based on the decision by an individual, or group of individuals, on the degree to which
the two measures are similar. The common designs used are: Forward-translation
designs and back-translation designs (Foxfrod et al, 2013)..
Forward-translation designs translates the source version into the target version. In
one version of this design, a sample of target test-takers answer the target version of
the measure and are then questioned by the judges about the meaning of their
responses .Judges decide if the responses reflect a reasonable representation of the
test items in terms of cultural and linguistic understanding.The main judgement is
whether test-takers in the target language perceive the meaning of each item the same
way as the source language test-takers.
