The Making of Modern Britain 1951-2007 A Level
History
1. post-war consensus: an agreement between political parties on how the
countries major issues were governed following WWII. Lasted until 1979 (Thatcher)
Mixed Economy
Nationalisation and Private industry
Full employment - property owning democracy
Housing
2. Winston Churchill: Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII and again (1951-
55) came into power due to popularity as wartime prime minister
Key aim was to ensure no more conflict. Better at foreign policy so did little for domestic
issues.
Eden stood in due to his declining health.
3. Social impact of WWII: 3.5 million homes damaged
Work disrupted
75% of working women return home to domesticated lives
Shared experience of hardship brought people together
Industrial disputes arise
4. Political Impact of WWII: More government intervention (rationing,fuel,National
Service)
More govt departments (food supply,warfare,town and country planning)
Emergency Powers Act 1939 allowed for compulsory conscription
5. Economic Impact of WWII: Government spent more - £1.4billion 1939 to £6.1
billion 1945 Income tax from 25% to 50%
National debt grew - owed £3billion overseas in 1945
,Depression was ended by the labour shortage. Extra 2 million workers needed in 1941
Acceptance of the need for government control of the economy and Keynesian ideas
6. Keynesian economics: government invest money to stimulate economic growth
and keep demand high
7. what happened in winter of 1947: coldest temperatures for 100 years, coal
productions halts and unemployment at 2.5 million ('47)
bop deficit worsened and loans from US are running low
Chancellor Dalton resigns after meltdown and labour lose 1945 election
8. who were the big 5?: Attlee, Bevin, Morrison, Dalton, Cripps, Bevan
9. 'Austerity Cripps': nickname of Chancellor Stafford Cripps during age of austerity
1948-1951.
Women queue 1hour a day for bread
10. Marshall Aid: 1948 UK given $3billion
11. Labour Economic Policies 48-51: Prescription charges in NHS and cuts to
Welfare State Nationalise 1/3 of economy
12. Successes of Labour 1945-51: Full employment except during 1947
Health and Welfare state under NHS
Housing (300,000 homes a year)
Economic recovery
13. Labour Failures 1945-51: Prescription charges rid UK of completely free
healthcare Winter 1946-47 reduced employment rates
Party splits - Gaitskell vs Bevan
Continued rationing
, 14. Election result 1951: Labour 48.8% 295 seats
Conservative 48% 321 seats
Starts Conservatives 13 years of rule
15. Conservative Domestic Policy (1951-64): 300,000 homes a year (Macmillan did
this as housing
minister)
Rebuild homes and destroy slums
16. Conservative Educational Reform (1951-1964): Tripartite System continued
(Secondary Modern, Grammar, Technical College)
Introduced 11+
Technicals underfunded
17. Conservative Social Reform (1951-64): Clean Air Act 1956 to prevent smog
Housing / Factory Act improves living conditions
1957 Homicide Act restricted the death penalty
1957 Wolfenden Commision recommended homosexual behaviour to not be criminal
(Butler Home Sec.)
18. Tripartite System: System of education in Britain
Split into 3 types of schools
Secondary Modern, Grammar and Technical College
Took 11+ to determine which you would go to
19 'stop-go economics' and it's drawbacks: the pattern of attempting to control
economic growth when economy was in danger of overheating.
Tax/Interest rates increase when inflation is high
And decrease when inflation is low
policy was not planned and was only short-term as economy would change
History
1. post-war consensus: an agreement between political parties on how the
countries major issues were governed following WWII. Lasted until 1979 (Thatcher)
Mixed Economy
Nationalisation and Private industry
Full employment - property owning democracy
Housing
2. Winston Churchill: Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII and again (1951-
55) came into power due to popularity as wartime prime minister
Key aim was to ensure no more conflict. Better at foreign policy so did little for domestic
issues.
Eden stood in due to his declining health.
3. Social impact of WWII: 3.5 million homes damaged
Work disrupted
75% of working women return home to domesticated lives
Shared experience of hardship brought people together
Industrial disputes arise
4. Political Impact of WWII: More government intervention (rationing,fuel,National
Service)
More govt departments (food supply,warfare,town and country planning)
Emergency Powers Act 1939 allowed for compulsory conscription
5. Economic Impact of WWII: Government spent more - £1.4billion 1939 to £6.1
billion 1945 Income tax from 25% to 50%
National debt grew - owed £3billion overseas in 1945
,Depression was ended by the labour shortage. Extra 2 million workers needed in 1941
Acceptance of the need for government control of the economy and Keynesian ideas
6. Keynesian economics: government invest money to stimulate economic growth
and keep demand high
7. what happened in winter of 1947: coldest temperatures for 100 years, coal
productions halts and unemployment at 2.5 million ('47)
bop deficit worsened and loans from US are running low
Chancellor Dalton resigns after meltdown and labour lose 1945 election
8. who were the big 5?: Attlee, Bevin, Morrison, Dalton, Cripps, Bevan
9. 'Austerity Cripps': nickname of Chancellor Stafford Cripps during age of austerity
1948-1951.
Women queue 1hour a day for bread
10. Marshall Aid: 1948 UK given $3billion
11. Labour Economic Policies 48-51: Prescription charges in NHS and cuts to
Welfare State Nationalise 1/3 of economy
12. Successes of Labour 1945-51: Full employment except during 1947
Health and Welfare state under NHS
Housing (300,000 homes a year)
Economic recovery
13. Labour Failures 1945-51: Prescription charges rid UK of completely free
healthcare Winter 1946-47 reduced employment rates
Party splits - Gaitskell vs Bevan
Continued rationing
, 14. Election result 1951: Labour 48.8% 295 seats
Conservative 48% 321 seats
Starts Conservatives 13 years of rule
15. Conservative Domestic Policy (1951-64): 300,000 homes a year (Macmillan did
this as housing
minister)
Rebuild homes and destroy slums
16. Conservative Educational Reform (1951-1964): Tripartite System continued
(Secondary Modern, Grammar, Technical College)
Introduced 11+
Technicals underfunded
17. Conservative Social Reform (1951-64): Clean Air Act 1956 to prevent smog
Housing / Factory Act improves living conditions
1957 Homicide Act restricted the death penalty
1957 Wolfenden Commision recommended homosexual behaviour to not be criminal
(Butler Home Sec.)
18. Tripartite System: System of education in Britain
Split into 3 types of schools
Secondary Modern, Grammar and Technical College
Took 11+ to determine which you would go to
19 'stop-go economics' and it's drawbacks: the pattern of attempting to control
economic growth when economy was in danger of overheating.
Tax/Interest rates increase when inflation is high
And decrease when inflation is low
policy was not planned and was only short-term as economy would change
