Energy Balance and Weight Management
Examination Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2025/2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Energy balance refers to:
A. Protein intake vs. protein loss
B. Calories consumed vs. calories expended
C. Fat intake vs. fat storage
D. Water intake vs. output
Energy balance occurs when energy intake equals energy expenditure.
2. A negative energy balance results in:
A. Weight gain
B. Fluid retention
C. Weight loss
D. Muscle hypertrophy
When expenditure exceeds intake, the body uses stored energy, leading to
weight loss.
3. Which component accounts for the largest portion of daily energy
expenditure?
A. Physical activity
B. Thermic effect of food
C. Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
D. Growth
BMR typically accounts for 60–75% of total daily energy use.
4. Basal metabolic rate is best defined as:
A. Energy used during exercise
B. Energy used to digest food
C. Energy required to maintain vital functions at rest
,D. Energy stored as fat
BMR reflects energy for breathing, circulation, and cellular function.
5. The thermic effect of food refers to:
A. Heat lost during exercise
B. Energy used for digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients
C. Calories burned during sleep
D. Energy stored as glycogen
Digesting food requires energy, accounting for ~10% of daily expenditure.
6. Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect?
A. Fat
B. Carbohydrate
C. Protein
D. Alcohol
Protein requires more energy to digest and metabolize.
7. One pound (0.45 kg) of body fat equals approximately:
A. 1,000 kcal
B. 2,000 kcal
C. 3,500 kcal
D. 7,000 kcal
This value is used to estimate weight loss goals.
8. A safe and sustainable weight loss rate is:
A. 3–4 kg/week
B. 2–3 kg/week
C. 0.5–1 kg/week
D. 5 kg/week
Gradual weight loss preserves lean body mass and improves adherence.
, 9. Which factor increases BMR?
A. Aging
B. Calorie restriction
C. Increased lean muscle mass
D. Hypothyroidism
Muscle tissue is metabolically active and increases energy expenditure.
10. Which condition decreases metabolic rate?
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Fever
C. Pregnancy
D. Hypothyroidism
Low thyroid hormone slows metabolism.
11. Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using:
A. Weight × height
B. Weight ÷ height
C. Weight (kg) ÷ height (m²)
D. Height ÷ weight
BMI estimates body fat based on weight relative to height.
12. A BMI of 30 or above indicates:
A. Overweight
B. Normal weight
C. Underweight
D. Obesity
BMI ≥30 is classified as obese.
13. Central (abdominal) obesity increases risk for:
A. Osteoporosis
B. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes
C. Dehydration
Examination Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2025/2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Energy balance refers to:
A. Protein intake vs. protein loss
B. Calories consumed vs. calories expended
C. Fat intake vs. fat storage
D. Water intake vs. output
Energy balance occurs when energy intake equals energy expenditure.
2. A negative energy balance results in:
A. Weight gain
B. Fluid retention
C. Weight loss
D. Muscle hypertrophy
When expenditure exceeds intake, the body uses stored energy, leading to
weight loss.
3. Which component accounts for the largest portion of daily energy
expenditure?
A. Physical activity
B. Thermic effect of food
C. Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
D. Growth
BMR typically accounts for 60–75% of total daily energy use.
4. Basal metabolic rate is best defined as:
A. Energy used during exercise
B. Energy used to digest food
C. Energy required to maintain vital functions at rest
,D. Energy stored as fat
BMR reflects energy for breathing, circulation, and cellular function.
5. The thermic effect of food refers to:
A. Heat lost during exercise
B. Energy used for digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients
C. Calories burned during sleep
D. Energy stored as glycogen
Digesting food requires energy, accounting for ~10% of daily expenditure.
6. Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect?
A. Fat
B. Carbohydrate
C. Protein
D. Alcohol
Protein requires more energy to digest and metabolize.
7. One pound (0.45 kg) of body fat equals approximately:
A. 1,000 kcal
B. 2,000 kcal
C. 3,500 kcal
D. 7,000 kcal
This value is used to estimate weight loss goals.
8. A safe and sustainable weight loss rate is:
A. 3–4 kg/week
B. 2–3 kg/week
C. 0.5–1 kg/week
D. 5 kg/week
Gradual weight loss preserves lean body mass and improves adherence.
, 9. Which factor increases BMR?
A. Aging
B. Calorie restriction
C. Increased lean muscle mass
D. Hypothyroidism
Muscle tissue is metabolically active and increases energy expenditure.
10. Which condition decreases metabolic rate?
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Fever
C. Pregnancy
D. Hypothyroidism
Low thyroid hormone slows metabolism.
11. Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using:
A. Weight × height
B. Weight ÷ height
C. Weight (kg) ÷ height (m²)
D. Height ÷ weight
BMI estimates body fat based on weight relative to height.
12. A BMI of 30 or above indicates:
A. Overweight
B. Normal weight
C. Underweight
D. Obesity
BMI ≥30 is classified as obese.
13. Central (abdominal) obesity increases risk for:
A. Osteoporosis
B. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes
C. Dehydration
