,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
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a. nitrogen fixation w# c. synthesis of vitamins w# w#
b. production of fermented foods w# w#d. causative agents of disease
w# w # w# w# w#
ANS: D w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w # C: R
w#
emembering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. fungi.
w # c. virus.
b. E. coli.
w # w# d. algae.
ANS: C w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# w# w#MSC: Applying w# w# w# w# w#
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. w#
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
w # w#
ANS: B w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# w# w#MSC: Applying w# w# w# w# w#
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
w #
ANS: D w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Applying
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
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a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
w# w#
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
w# w # w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Applying
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
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a. the absence of proteins
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b. the presence of DNA
w# w# w#
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
w# w# w# w#
d. the presence of a cell wall
w# w# w# w# w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Remembering
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
w losely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. physical characteristics w# c. DNA sequence comparison w# w#
b. method of reproduction w# w#d. environmental habitat w # w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Applying
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli w#
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D w# DIF: Moderate REF: w # 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Understanding
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi w #
ANS: A w # DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Understanding
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses w # w#
ANS: B w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Understanding
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p roces
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
s of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibio
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
tic that targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
w# w# w# w# w#
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba w# w#
b. Herpes virus w# d. bread mold w # w#
ANS: B w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C:
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w # w#
Analyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
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a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
w # w# c. Robert Hooke
w# w#
b. Catherine of Siena
w # w#d. Louis Pasteur
w# w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 w#
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. M
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
SC: Remembering
w#
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
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a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
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b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
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c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w # nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
ANS: D w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 w#
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. M
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
SC: Understanding
w#
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. vinegar eel w# c. mold filaments w#
s d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis w#
b. dust mites w#
ANS: D w# DIF: Moderate REF: w # 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
w#
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. nitrogen fixation w# c. synthesis of vitamins w# w#
b. production of fermented foods w# w#d. causative agents of disease
w# w # w# w# w#
ANS: D w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w # C: R
w#
emembering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. fungi.
w # c. virus.
b. E. coli.
w # w# d. algae.
ANS: C w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# w# w#MSC: Applying w# w# w# w# w#
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. w#
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
w # w#
ANS: B w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# w# w#MSC: Applying w# w# w# w# w#
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
w #
ANS: D w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Applying
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
w# w#
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
w# w # w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Applying
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. the absence of proteins
w# w# w#
b. the presence of DNA
w# w# w#
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
w# w# w# w#
d. the presence of a cell wall
w# w# w# w# w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Remembering
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
w losely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. physical characteristics w# c. DNA sequence comparison w# w#
b. method of reproduction w# w#d. environmental habitat w # w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Applying
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli w#
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D w# DIF: Moderate REF: w # 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Understanding
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi w #
ANS: A w # DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Understanding
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses w # w#
ANS: B w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
e three domains have in common and how they differ.
w# w# w# MSC: Understanding
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p roces
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
s of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibio
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
tic that targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
w# w# w# w# w#
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba w# w#
b. Herpes virus w# d. bread mold w # w#
ANS: B w# DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 w#
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C:
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w # w#
Analyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
w # w# c. Robert Hooke
w# w#
b. Catherine of Siena
w # w#d. Louis Pasteur
w# w#
ANS: C w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 w#
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. M
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
SC: Remembering
w#
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w # nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
ANS: D w# DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 w#
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. M
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w #
SC: Understanding
w#
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w# w#
a. vinegar eel w# c. mold filaments w#
s d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis w#
b. dust mites w#
ANS: D w# DIF: Moderate REF: w # 1.2
