Dysphagia, Aspiration, Sensory Appetite
Impairment, Nutritional Assessment, Enteral
Feeding, NG Tube, G-Tube, PEG Tube, Tube
Placement Verification, Residual Monitoring, Liquid
Diets, Soft Diets, Pureed Diet, NPO Management,
Parenteral Nutrition, TPN, PPN, Complication
Prevention, Medication Administration, Infection
Control, Tube Patency, Stoma Care,
Hyper/Hypoglycemia, Fluid Electrolyte
Management, Nutritional Nursing Interventions
Exam Questions Verified and Provided with A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing or inability of swallowing
Aspiration
misdirection of secretions or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract
Sensory problems
taste, smell reduced impacts appetite
Nursing interventions - Nutrition
-Screening patients for nutritional risk at home
-Observing intake and appetite
-Evaluating the patient's tolerance
-Administering enteral and parental feedings
-Consulting with the dietitian and physician
-Addressing potential for drug-nutrient reactions
Implementing- Nutrition
-Physician orders diet
-Nurse educates
-Monitor nutritional status
-Clients may need alternative diets to meet their needs
1|Page
, Liquid Diet
Used most often as transitional diets when eating resumes after acute illness, surgery, or
parenteral nutrition
-Clear liquids: Contain foods that are clear at room and body temp
-Full liquid diet: liquids that can be poured at room temperature
Soft Diet
Regular diet modified to eliminate foods that are hard to digest and to chew
Adequate diet that is moderately low in fiber and lightly seasoned
Other Diets
Mechanically soft: Regular diet with modifications in consistency / used with patients who have
chewing difficulties or neck, mouth, head surgery / food is ground or mashed
Pureed: For those who cannot chew or have difficulty swallowing/ Regular diet placed in a
blender / thickness may vary / does not change the taste, just the consistency
NPO
Nothing by mouth.
Before surgery or certain medical tests, after surgery until bowel sounds return, patient
suffering from severe nausea/vomitting, comatose, women during labor and delivery
Patients that are NPO for more than 2-3 days may require nutritional support from enteral of
parenteral nutrition
Nursing responsibilities with NPO patients
-Oral hygiene very important
-Involve family in helping patient with NPO status
-Ice chips or sips of water if allowed (need order)
Enteral Nutrition
Passing a tube into the GI tract to administer a formula containing adequate nutrients
Enteral feedings allow the stomach to be used as a natural reservoir, regulating the amount of
2|Page
Impairment, Nutritional Assessment, Enteral
Feeding, NG Tube, G-Tube, PEG Tube, Tube
Placement Verification, Residual Monitoring, Liquid
Diets, Soft Diets, Pureed Diet, NPO Management,
Parenteral Nutrition, TPN, PPN, Complication
Prevention, Medication Administration, Infection
Control, Tube Patency, Stoma Care,
Hyper/Hypoglycemia, Fluid Electrolyte
Management, Nutritional Nursing Interventions
Exam Questions Verified and Provided with A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing or inability of swallowing
Aspiration
misdirection of secretions or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract
Sensory problems
taste, smell reduced impacts appetite
Nursing interventions - Nutrition
-Screening patients for nutritional risk at home
-Observing intake and appetite
-Evaluating the patient's tolerance
-Administering enteral and parental feedings
-Consulting with the dietitian and physician
-Addressing potential for drug-nutrient reactions
Implementing- Nutrition
-Physician orders diet
-Nurse educates
-Monitor nutritional status
-Clients may need alternative diets to meet their needs
1|Page
, Liquid Diet
Used most often as transitional diets when eating resumes after acute illness, surgery, or
parenteral nutrition
-Clear liquids: Contain foods that are clear at room and body temp
-Full liquid diet: liquids that can be poured at room temperature
Soft Diet
Regular diet modified to eliminate foods that are hard to digest and to chew
Adequate diet that is moderately low in fiber and lightly seasoned
Other Diets
Mechanically soft: Regular diet with modifications in consistency / used with patients who have
chewing difficulties or neck, mouth, head surgery / food is ground or mashed
Pureed: For those who cannot chew or have difficulty swallowing/ Regular diet placed in a
blender / thickness may vary / does not change the taste, just the consistency
NPO
Nothing by mouth.
Before surgery or certain medical tests, after surgery until bowel sounds return, patient
suffering from severe nausea/vomitting, comatose, women during labor and delivery
Patients that are NPO for more than 2-3 days may require nutritional support from enteral of
parenteral nutrition
Nursing responsibilities with NPO patients
-Oral hygiene very important
-Involve family in helping patient with NPO status
-Ice chips or sips of water if allowed (need order)
Enteral Nutrition
Passing a tube into the GI tract to administer a formula containing adequate nutrients
Enteral feedings allow the stomach to be used as a natural reservoir, regulating the amount of
2|Page
