TESTBANK
Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by
Benjamin A. Pierce
www.PlusBay.Plus
,TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics ...................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction ......................................................................................... 15
Chapter 03: Basic Principles of Heredity .............................................................................................................. 32
Chapter 04: Extensions and Modifications of Basic Principles ............................................................................ 59
Chapter 05: Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping ................................................................ 98
Chapter 06: Chromosome Variation .................................................................................................................... 115
Chapter 07: Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems ............................................................................................... 139
Chapter 08 DNA: The Chemical Nature of the Gene ......................................................................................... 152
Chapter 09: DNA Replication and Recombination ............................................................................................. 181
Chapter 10: From DNA to Proteins: Transcription and RNA Processing .......................................................... 198
Chapter 11: From DNA to Proteins: Translation ................................................................................................ 224
Chapter 12: Control of Gene Expression ............................................................................................................ 244
Chapter 13: Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and DNA Repair........................................................... 278
Chapter 14: Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology ............................................................................. 298
Chapter 15: Genomics and Proteomics ............................................................................................................... 314
Chapter 16: Cancer Genetics ............................................................................................................................... 332
Chapter 17: Quantitative Genetics ....................................................................................................................... 346
Chapter 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics ............................................................................................ 366
www.PlusBay.Plus
,Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics
1. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. Howeve
r, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in ter
ms of natural selection why albinism is so rare in most human populations.
ANSWER: In most populations, there is fairly strong selection against albinism because albinos don’t produce
melanin, causing their skin cells not to be protected from the damaging effects of sunlight. Also, t
he lack of melanin in their eyes causes them to have poor eyesight. Finally, in most cultures albin
os are seen as abnormal, and they are not normally sought out for marriage and mating. Therefore,
in most populations the alleles that cause albinism are selected against, and they decrease in frequ
ency or are kept at a low level, causing the recessive trait to be rare.
2. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. Howeve
r, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in ter
ms of natural selection why the trait is so much more common among the Hopis of Black Mesa.
ANSWER: Albinos occupy a privileged position among the Hopis of Black Mesa. In this culture, albinos a
re viewed as especially pretty, clean, and intelligent, and they often occupy positions of leaders
hip. Albinos are celebrated in the villages as a sign of purity of Hopi blood in the community.
Furthermore, albinos are often excused from normal male field labor because of their sensitivity to
sunlight, causing them to be left behind in the village with the women during the daytime. This a
llows them extra mating opportunities compared to the other men of the village. Therefore, the all
eles that cause albinism are either selected for in this culture or at least not selected against as stro
ngly as in other cultures, allowing the trait to occur at a much higher frequency.
3. Which one of the following pairings between the subdiscipline of genetics and the phenomenon
is INCORRECT?
a. evolution—population genetics
b. gene regulation—molecular genetics
c. allelic frequency alteration—population genetics
d. arrangement of genes on chromosome—transmission genetics
e. chemical nature of the gene—transmission genetics
ANSWER: e
4. Which one of the following topics of research belongs to the discipline of transmission genetics?
a. inheritance pattern of gene alleles
b. mechanism of DNA replication
c. gene expression patterns
d. evolution
e. chemical modification of nucleic acids
ANSWER: a
5. The complete genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its
a. chromosome.
b. alleles.
c. locus.
www.PlusBay.Plus
, d. genome.
e. phenotype.
ANSWER:md
6. Identifym am TRUEm statementm fromm them followingm descriptionsm concerningm genetics.
a. Themtheorym ofm pangenesism statesm thatm allm livingm organismsm arem composedm ofm cells.
b. Bacteriamandmvirusesmaremnotmusefulminmstudyingmgenesmandminheritancembecausemtheymaremstructur
almlymandmmetabolicallymdifferentmfrommeukaryoticmcells.
c. CharlesmDarwinmaccuratelymdescribedmthemlawsmofminheritanceminmhismlandmarkmbook,mOnmthemOrigi
nmofmSpecies.
d. Manym humanm traits,m suchm asm skinm andm hairm color,m arem determinedm bym morem thanm am singlemgene.
e. Evolutionm canm occurm withoutm geneticm changesm inm them population.
ANSWER:md
7. Identifymam FALSEm statementm fromm them followingm descriptionsm ofm genetics.
a. Humansmfirstmappliedmgeneticsmtomthemdomesticationmofmplantsmandmanimalsmbetweenmapproximat
elmym10,000mandm12,000myearsmago.
b. Somem virusesm usem RNAmtom carrym theirm geneticm information.
c. Albinismm resultsm fromm am mutationm inm them genesm thatm controlm them synthesism andm storagem ofmmelanin.
d. Allm humanm traitsm thatm displaym blendingm inheritancem arem affectedm bym am singlem gene.
e. Themprocessm bym whichm geneticm informationm ism copiedm andm decodedm ism similarm form allm formsm ofmlife.
ANSWER:md
8. Whichm ofm them followingm speciesm ism consideredm ammodelm geneticm organism?
a. them plantm Linariamvulgaris
b. them deerm mousem Peromyscusmmaniculatus
c. them wormm Caenorhabditismelegans
d. them frogm Hylamchrysoscelis
e. themchimpanzeemPanmtroglodyte
smANSWER:mc
9. WhichmofmthemfollowingmwouldmservemthemLEASTmwellmasmammodelmformunderstandingmbasicmmechanis
msmofminheritance?
a. fruitm flies
b. humans
c. yeast
d. mice
e. zebrafish
ANSWER:mb
10. Whichm ofm them followingm statementsm ism TRUE?
a. Eachmsubdisciplinem ofm geneticsm ism verym specificm asm tom whatm ism exploredm andm doesm notm overlapm withmthe
www.PlusBay.Plus
Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by
Benjamin A. Pierce
www.PlusBay.Plus
,TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics ...................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction ......................................................................................... 15
Chapter 03: Basic Principles of Heredity .............................................................................................................. 32
Chapter 04: Extensions and Modifications of Basic Principles ............................................................................ 59
Chapter 05: Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping ................................................................ 98
Chapter 06: Chromosome Variation .................................................................................................................... 115
Chapter 07: Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems ............................................................................................... 139
Chapter 08 DNA: The Chemical Nature of the Gene ......................................................................................... 152
Chapter 09: DNA Replication and Recombination ............................................................................................. 181
Chapter 10: From DNA to Proteins: Transcription and RNA Processing .......................................................... 198
Chapter 11: From DNA to Proteins: Translation ................................................................................................ 224
Chapter 12: Control of Gene Expression ............................................................................................................ 244
Chapter 13: Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and DNA Repair........................................................... 278
Chapter 14: Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology ............................................................................. 298
Chapter 15: Genomics and Proteomics ............................................................................................................... 314
Chapter 16: Cancer Genetics ............................................................................................................................... 332
Chapter 17: Quantitative Genetics ....................................................................................................................... 346
Chapter 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics ............................................................................................ 366
www.PlusBay.Plus
,Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics
1. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. Howeve
r, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in ter
ms of natural selection why albinism is so rare in most human populations.
ANSWER: In most populations, there is fairly strong selection against albinism because albinos don’t produce
melanin, causing their skin cells not to be protected from the damaging effects of sunlight. Also, t
he lack of melanin in their eyes causes them to have poor eyesight. Finally, in most cultures albin
os are seen as abnormal, and they are not normally sought out for marriage and mating. Therefore,
in most populations the alleles that cause albinism are selected against, and they decrease in frequ
ency or are kept at a low level, causing the recessive trait to be rare.
2. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. Howeve
r, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in ter
ms of natural selection why the trait is so much more common among the Hopis of Black Mesa.
ANSWER: Albinos occupy a privileged position among the Hopis of Black Mesa. In this culture, albinos a
re viewed as especially pretty, clean, and intelligent, and they often occupy positions of leaders
hip. Albinos are celebrated in the villages as a sign of purity of Hopi blood in the community.
Furthermore, albinos are often excused from normal male field labor because of their sensitivity to
sunlight, causing them to be left behind in the village with the women during the daytime. This a
llows them extra mating opportunities compared to the other men of the village. Therefore, the all
eles that cause albinism are either selected for in this culture or at least not selected against as stro
ngly as in other cultures, allowing the trait to occur at a much higher frequency.
3. Which one of the following pairings between the subdiscipline of genetics and the phenomenon
is INCORRECT?
a. evolution—population genetics
b. gene regulation—molecular genetics
c. allelic frequency alteration—population genetics
d. arrangement of genes on chromosome—transmission genetics
e. chemical nature of the gene—transmission genetics
ANSWER: e
4. Which one of the following topics of research belongs to the discipline of transmission genetics?
a. inheritance pattern of gene alleles
b. mechanism of DNA replication
c. gene expression patterns
d. evolution
e. chemical modification of nucleic acids
ANSWER: a
5. The complete genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its
a. chromosome.
b. alleles.
c. locus.
www.PlusBay.Plus
, d. genome.
e. phenotype.
ANSWER:md
6. Identifym am TRUEm statementm fromm them followingm descriptionsm concerningm genetics.
a. Themtheorym ofm pangenesism statesm thatm allm livingm organismsm arem composedm ofm cells.
b. Bacteriamandmvirusesmaremnotmusefulminmstudyingmgenesmandminheritancembecausemtheymaremstructur
almlymandmmetabolicallymdifferentmfrommeukaryoticmcells.
c. CharlesmDarwinmaccuratelymdescribedmthemlawsmofminheritanceminmhismlandmarkmbook,mOnmthemOrigi
nmofmSpecies.
d. Manym humanm traits,m suchm asm skinm andm hairm color,m arem determinedm bym morem thanm am singlemgene.
e. Evolutionm canm occurm withoutm geneticm changesm inm them population.
ANSWER:md
7. Identifymam FALSEm statementm fromm them followingm descriptionsm ofm genetics.
a. Humansmfirstmappliedmgeneticsmtomthemdomesticationmofmplantsmandmanimalsmbetweenmapproximat
elmym10,000mandm12,000myearsmago.
b. Somem virusesm usem RNAmtom carrym theirm geneticm information.
c. Albinismm resultsm fromm am mutationm inm them genesm thatm controlm them synthesism andm storagem ofmmelanin.
d. Allm humanm traitsm thatm displaym blendingm inheritancem arem affectedm bym am singlem gene.
e. Themprocessm bym whichm geneticm informationm ism copiedm andm decodedm ism similarm form allm formsm ofmlife.
ANSWER:md
8. Whichm ofm them followingm speciesm ism consideredm ammodelm geneticm organism?
a. them plantm Linariamvulgaris
b. them deerm mousem Peromyscusmmaniculatus
c. them wormm Caenorhabditismelegans
d. them frogm Hylamchrysoscelis
e. themchimpanzeemPanmtroglodyte
smANSWER:mc
9. WhichmofmthemfollowingmwouldmservemthemLEASTmwellmasmammodelmformunderstandingmbasicmmechanis
msmofminheritance?
a. fruitm flies
b. humans
c. yeast
d. mice
e. zebrafish
ANSWER:mb
10. Whichm ofm them followingm statementsm ism TRUE?
a. Eachmsubdisciplinem ofm geneticsm ism verym specificm asm tom whatm ism exploredm andm doesm notm overlapm withmthe
www.PlusBay.Plus
