,CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Learning Objectives
After covering this material, your students should be able to:
1. Define I/0 psychology and know the difference between industrial
and organizational psychology.
2. Describe the major activities of I/O psychologists in research and practice settings.
3. Explain why research is important and how it relates to practice.
4. Explain how the field began and cite events that shaped its development.
5. Identify individuals who affected the development of the field.
6. Explain the importance of the Hawthorne studies.
7. Describe the role of I/O psychology worldwide.
8. Explain how an I/0 psychologist is trained.
9. Describe the ethical principles guiding I/O psychologists.
TESTBANK:
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Mary is experiencing feelings of insecurity and depression. She is having
difficulty finding the motivation to complete even the simplest tasks at work and
when at home she just sits and stares at her TV. Her employer has suggested she
seek the help of a professional. What type of psychologist is she MOST likely to
go to for help?
. A clinical psychologist
b. An experimental psychologist
c. A forensic psychologist
d. An industrial/organizational psychologist
Answer: a Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
2. Industrial/Organizational Psychology is LEAST concerned with:
a. the treatment of emotional or personal problems in the workplace.
b. the assessment of job performance.
c. designing employee selection methods.
d. the development of organizational safety programs.
,Answer: a Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
3. Miranda is interested in majoring is psychology and wants to know of the
difference between industrial and organizational psychology. She knows that you
are taking a psychology course and asks you to explain to her the major areas of
interest of organizational psychology. You would be most likely to tell her that
organizational psychology is concerned with
a. organizational efficiency.
b. the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace for
the benefit of management.
c. efficient job design, performance appraisal, and employee selection.
d. understanding behavior and enhancing the well being of employees in
the workplace.
Answer: d Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
4. Erin is applying for a job at a major fast food chain. What type of psychologist is
most likely to have developed the employee selection procedures, training
sessions and performance appraisal system that she will be subjected to?
a. An organizational psychologist
b. An industrial psychologist
c. An applied psychologist
d. A clinical psychologist
Answer: b Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
5. The division of I/O psychology that emphasizes a management perspective
of organizational efficiency through the appropriate use of human resources
is
a. Industrial psychology.
b. Employee psychology.
c. Human relations psychology.
d. Organizational psychology.
Answer: a Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
6. An I/O psychologist has been asked by a major electronics firm to examine the
happiness and well being of employees. She then examines employee
attitudes, behavior, and job stress as well as supervisory practices. She is
acting as a(n)
a. Clinical psychologist.
b. Experimental psychologist.
c. Organizational psychologist.
d. Industrial psychologist.
Answer: c Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
7. When Compaq Computer Corporation experienced a downturn in demand for its
products, it was forced to reorganize and layoff employees. To assist them in this
, process they would be most likely to turn to a(n):
a. Clinical Psychologist.
b. Relocation Specialist.
c. Industrial Psychologist.
d. Business Psychologist .
Answer: c Learning Objective: 1 Page: 3-5
8. I/O psychology is an “evidence-based” field. This means that:
a. the things practitioners do are based on scientific
methods and principles
b. most I/O practitioners work in the judicial system
c. many I/O psychologists investigate criminal activity
d. I/O practitioners use an intuitive approach to
solving organizational problems
Answer: a Learning Objective: 2 Page: 4
9. I/O psychology is NOT an applied field like clinical psychology
a. True
b. False
Answer: b Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
10. The two major divisions of industrial and
organizational psychology
a. overlap very little
b. grew out of similar traditions in the history of the field
c. suggest the field is very narrowly-focused
d. cannot be easily separated
Answer: d Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
11. Becky has finally finished her degree in I/O psychology! What are the three most
common settings in which she would be most likely to work?
a. university, health care, private company
b. university, government, health care
c. consulting, health care, private company
d. consulting, private company, university
Answer: d Learning Objective: 2 Page: 6
12. The settings in which I/O psychologists work can be
classified into what two broad categories?
a. manufacturing and services
Learning Objectives
After covering this material, your students should be able to:
1. Define I/0 psychology and know the difference between industrial
and organizational psychology.
2. Describe the major activities of I/O psychologists in research and practice settings.
3. Explain why research is important and how it relates to practice.
4. Explain how the field began and cite events that shaped its development.
5. Identify individuals who affected the development of the field.
6. Explain the importance of the Hawthorne studies.
7. Describe the role of I/O psychology worldwide.
8. Explain how an I/0 psychologist is trained.
9. Describe the ethical principles guiding I/O psychologists.
TESTBANK:
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Mary is experiencing feelings of insecurity and depression. She is having
difficulty finding the motivation to complete even the simplest tasks at work and
when at home she just sits and stares at her TV. Her employer has suggested she
seek the help of a professional. What type of psychologist is she MOST likely to
go to for help?
. A clinical psychologist
b. An experimental psychologist
c. A forensic psychologist
d. An industrial/organizational psychologist
Answer: a Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
2. Industrial/Organizational Psychology is LEAST concerned with:
a. the treatment of emotional or personal problems in the workplace.
b. the assessment of job performance.
c. designing employee selection methods.
d. the development of organizational safety programs.
,Answer: a Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
3. Miranda is interested in majoring is psychology and wants to know of the
difference between industrial and organizational psychology. She knows that you
are taking a psychology course and asks you to explain to her the major areas of
interest of organizational psychology. You would be most likely to tell her that
organizational psychology is concerned with
a. organizational efficiency.
b. the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace for
the benefit of management.
c. efficient job design, performance appraisal, and employee selection.
d. understanding behavior and enhancing the well being of employees in
the workplace.
Answer: d Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
4. Erin is applying for a job at a major fast food chain. What type of psychologist is
most likely to have developed the employee selection procedures, training
sessions and performance appraisal system that she will be subjected to?
a. An organizational psychologist
b. An industrial psychologist
c. An applied psychologist
d. A clinical psychologist
Answer: b Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
5. The division of I/O psychology that emphasizes a management perspective
of organizational efficiency through the appropriate use of human resources
is
a. Industrial psychology.
b. Employee psychology.
c. Human relations psychology.
d. Organizational psychology.
Answer: a Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
6. An I/O psychologist has been asked by a major electronics firm to examine the
happiness and well being of employees. She then examines employee
attitudes, behavior, and job stress as well as supervisory practices. She is
acting as a(n)
a. Clinical psychologist.
b. Experimental psychologist.
c. Organizational psychologist.
d. Industrial psychologist.
Answer: c Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
7. When Compaq Computer Corporation experienced a downturn in demand for its
products, it was forced to reorganize and layoff employees. To assist them in this
, process they would be most likely to turn to a(n):
a. Clinical Psychologist.
b. Relocation Specialist.
c. Industrial Psychologist.
d. Business Psychologist .
Answer: c Learning Objective: 1 Page: 3-5
8. I/O psychology is an “evidence-based” field. This means that:
a. the things practitioners do are based on scientific
methods and principles
b. most I/O practitioners work in the judicial system
c. many I/O psychologists investigate criminal activity
d. I/O practitioners use an intuitive approach to
solving organizational problems
Answer: a Learning Objective: 2 Page: 4
9. I/O psychology is NOT an applied field like clinical psychology
a. True
b. False
Answer: b Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
10. The two major divisions of industrial and
organizational psychology
a. overlap very little
b. grew out of similar traditions in the history of the field
c. suggest the field is very narrowly-focused
d. cannot be easily separated
Answer: d Learning Objective: 1 Page: 5
11. Becky has finally finished her degree in I/O psychology! What are the three most
common settings in which she would be most likely to work?
a. university, health care, private company
b. university, government, health care
c. consulting, health care, private company
d. consulting, private company, university
Answer: d Learning Objective: 2 Page: 6
12. The settings in which I/O psychologists work can be
classified into what two broad categories?
a. manufacturing and services
