BIO202 Central AZ College
Ch. 19 - Cardiovascular System: Heart Study Guide
100/100
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions, definitions, labels, etc. READ AND ANSWER
EVERYTHING SO YOU DON’T MISS POINTS.
Chapter 19
19.1. Heart Anatomy
I. Background
1. Why is the heart an essential organ? Because it pumps blood through the
body to deliver oxygen and nutrients. It also removes wastes and Carbon
dioxide from body tissues.
II. Location of the Heart
1. Where specifically is the heart located within the mediastinum? Middle
mediastinum.
2. Where is the base of the heart? Superior portion.
3. Laterally the heart is bordered by the lungs. How does the left lung
accommodate the apex of the heart? The left lung has a cardiac notch.
For more info:
,BIO202 Central AZ College
III. Shape and size of the Heart
1. What is hypertrophy? It refers to the increase in size of cardiac muscle
cells which result in thickening of the myocardium.
2. What effect does aerobic exercise have on the heart? It causes
physiological hypertrophy.
3. Pathophysiological enlargement of the heart is known as __cardiac____
__hypertrophy_______.
IV. Chambers and Circulation through the Heart
1. The upper chambers of the heart are known as the ___atria_______.
2. The __ventricles____ are the lower chambers of the heart, and the
primary pumping chambers.
3. The pulmonary circuit transports oxygenated blood to, and deoxygenated
blood from the __lungs___.
4. The _systemic___ ___circuit___ transports oxygenated blood to the body
and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
5. Upon contraction the right ventricle pumps blood into the _pulmonary__
__trunk___ which bifurcates into the left and right pulmonary arteries.
6. The pulmonary arteries deliver blood to the lungs, and through gas
exchange this blood gets oxygenated at the _alveolar___
__capillaries___.
For more info:
, BIO202 Central AZ College
7. After oxygenation, the blood is returned to the heart through the
__pulmonary____ __veins____.
8. Blood returns to the heart, and specifically the right atrium, via the
__superior __ ___vena___ __cava___ and _inferior___ _vena___
___cava___.
For more info:
Ch. 19 - Cardiovascular System: Heart Study Guide
100/100
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions, definitions, labels, etc. READ AND ANSWER
EVERYTHING SO YOU DON’T MISS POINTS.
Chapter 19
19.1. Heart Anatomy
I. Background
1. Why is the heart an essential organ? Because it pumps blood through the
body to deliver oxygen and nutrients. It also removes wastes and Carbon
dioxide from body tissues.
II. Location of the Heart
1. Where specifically is the heart located within the mediastinum? Middle
mediastinum.
2. Where is the base of the heart? Superior portion.
3. Laterally the heart is bordered by the lungs. How does the left lung
accommodate the apex of the heart? The left lung has a cardiac notch.
For more info:
,BIO202 Central AZ College
III. Shape and size of the Heart
1. What is hypertrophy? It refers to the increase in size of cardiac muscle
cells which result in thickening of the myocardium.
2. What effect does aerobic exercise have on the heart? It causes
physiological hypertrophy.
3. Pathophysiological enlargement of the heart is known as __cardiac____
__hypertrophy_______.
IV. Chambers and Circulation through the Heart
1. The upper chambers of the heart are known as the ___atria_______.
2. The __ventricles____ are the lower chambers of the heart, and the
primary pumping chambers.
3. The pulmonary circuit transports oxygenated blood to, and deoxygenated
blood from the __lungs___.
4. The _systemic___ ___circuit___ transports oxygenated blood to the body
and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
5. Upon contraction the right ventricle pumps blood into the _pulmonary__
__trunk___ which bifurcates into the left and right pulmonary arteries.
6. The pulmonary arteries deliver blood to the lungs, and through gas
exchange this blood gets oxygenated at the _alveolar___
__capillaries___.
For more info:
, BIO202 Central AZ College
7. After oxygenation, the blood is returned to the heart through the
__pulmonary____ __veins____.
8. Blood returns to the heart, and specifically the right atrium, via the
__superior __ ___vena___ __cava___ and _inferior___ _vena___
___cava___.
For more info:
