tahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology – 5th Edition – Test Bank and Study Guide – Verified Questions and Answers

Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide

,Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide

Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology A A



NeuroscientificABasisAandAPracticalAApplicationsA 5thAEditionATestbank/StudyAGuide

Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
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MULTIPLE CHOICE A


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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c hemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theory
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th at depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA A A



b. COMT and glutamate A A



c. Monamine and glycine A A



d. Serotonin and norepinephrine A A


AANS: D A


One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of de
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p ression. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant role i
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n t he development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted i
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n damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce thi
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s d iagnosis?
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a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon A A A A A A



b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet
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c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure A A A A



d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands A A A A A A A


AANS: B A


Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
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motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not
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c ontrolled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are a
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Always prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that t
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h e therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area
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b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses
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c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide sr sr sr sr




ANS: C A


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft
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a nd have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia,
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on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the periphera
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l ne rvous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications
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.
4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with
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u nderstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor w
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oul d base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on
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a. behavioral interventions A



A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use i
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b. n their practice
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Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain t raumacau
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c. sed cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those experie
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d. ncing psychiatric disorders
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ANS: D A


Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurolo
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gic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understanding fac
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Ailitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not used exclusively
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b y advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies
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or brain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and abnormal brain function i
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s a responsibility of all nurses providing all types of care tothe psychiatric patient.
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5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her
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c hronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
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b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the bod
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y ANS: C
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Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-
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releasing factors that suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric di
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s orders such as mooddisorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning o
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f t he immune system.Research does not support a connection between many cancers
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and stress. There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body. Resear
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ch ha s shown that there are some connections between stress and physical disease.
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, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide sr sr sr sr




6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilita
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t ion needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identifyas a foc
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us of nursing intervention?
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a. Expression of emotion A A



b. Detecting auditory stimuli A A



c. Receiving visual images A A



d. Processing associations A


AANS: D A


The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information tha
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t allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing
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self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is
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associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporal lobe fun
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ction. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
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7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in the
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r ight cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the pat
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ie nt: A


a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech A A A A



b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
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c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
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d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hai A A A A A sr sr A A A A A


r ANS: B
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The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles. The
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right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left side of t
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h e body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of
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Ath e body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls
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moto r speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
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8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. The
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p atient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to indivi
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du alize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Including the patients caregiver in the education A A A A A A



b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribe
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d Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm an
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c. elaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help withs wal
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d. lowing
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