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Exam #1: Abnormal Psychology: Chapters 1-4
Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update
ABAB Design Ans: An experimental design, often involving a single
subject, wherein a baseline period (A) is followed by a treatment (B). To
confirm that the treatment resulted in a change in behavior, the
treatment is then withdrawn (A) and reinstated (B).
Abnormal Psychology Ans: Field of psychology concerned with the
study, assessment, treatment, and prevention of abnormal behavior.
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Acute Ans: Term used to describe a disorder of sudden onset, usually
with intense symptoms (short in duration).
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Analogue Studies Ans: Studies in which a researcher attempts to emulate
the conditions hypothesized as leading to abnormality.
Bias Ans: Observer bias occurs when the researcher has preconceived
2026
ideas and expectations that influence the observations he or she makes
in the research study.
©
Case Study Method Ans: An in-depth examination of an individual or
family that draws from a number of data sources, including interviews
and psychological testing.
Chronic Ans: Term used to describe a long-standing or frequently
recurring disorder, often with progressing seriousness (long in duration).
Comorbidity Ans: Occurrence of two or more identified disorders in the
same psychologically disordered individual.
Comparison or Control Group Ans: Group of subjects who do not exhibit
the disorder being studied but who are comparable in all other respects
to the criterion group. Also, a comparison group of subjects who do not
receive a condition or treatment the effects of which are being studied.
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Correlation Ans: The tendency of two variables to change together. With
positive correlation, as one variable goes up, so does the other; with
negative correlation, one variable goes up as the other goes down.
Correlational Method/Correlational Research Ans: A research strategy
that examines whether and how variables go together (covary) without
manipulating (changing) any variables.
Correlation Coefficient Ans: A statistic that ranges from +1.0 to -1.0 and
reflects the degree of association between two variables. The magnitude
of the correlation indicates the strength of the association, and the sign
Assignment Expert
indicates whether the correlation is positive or negative.
Criterion Group Ans: Group of subjects who exhibit the disorder under
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study.
Dependent Variable Ans: In an experiment, the factor that is observed to
change with changes in the manipulated (independent) variables.
2026
Direct Observation Ans: Method of collecting research data that involves
directly observing behavior in a given situation.
©
Direction of Effect Problem Ans: Refers to the fact that, in correlational
research, it cannot be concluded whether variable A causes variable B or
whether variable B causes variable A.
Double-Blind Study Ans: Often used in studies examining drug treatment
effects, a condition where neither the subject nor the experimenter has
knowledge about what specific experimental condition (or drug) the
subject is receiving.
Effect Size Ans: A statistical term referring to the strength of the
relationship between two variables in a statistical population.
Epidemiology Ans: Study of the distribution of diseases, disorders, or
health-related behaviors in a given population. Mental health
epidemiology is the study of the distribution of mental disorders.
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Etiology Ans: Factors that are related to the development (or cause) of a
particular disease.
Experimental Research Ans: Research that involves the manipulation of a
given factor or variable with everything else held constant.
External Validity Ans: The extent to which the findings from a single
study are relevant to other populations, contexts, or times.
Family Aggregation Ans: The clustering of certain traits, behaviors, or
disorders within a given family. Family aggregation may arise because of
genetic or environmental similarities.
Assignment Expert
Generalizability Ans: The extent to which the findings from a single
study can be used to draw conclusions about other samples.
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Hypothesis Ans: Statement or proposition, usually based on observation,
that is tested in an experiment; may be refuted or supported by
experimental results but can never be conclusively proved.
2026
Incidence Ans: Occurrence (onset) rate of a given disorder in a given
©
population.
Independent Variable Ans: Factors whose effects are being examined and
which is manipulated in some way, while other variables are held
constant.
Internal Validity Ans: The extent to which a study is free of confounds,
is methodologically sound, and allows the researcher to have confidence
in the findings.
Labeling Ans: Assigning a person to a particular diagnostic category,
such as schizophrenia.
Lifetime Prevalence Ans: The proportion of living persons in a
population who have ever had a disorder up to the time of the
epidemiological assessment.
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Longitudinal Design Ans: A research design in which people are followed
over time.
Meta-Analysis Ans: A statistical method used to combine the results of a
number of similar research studies. The data from each study are
transformed into a common metric called the effect size. This allows the
data from the various studies to be combined and then analyzed. You can
think of a meta-analysis as being like research that you are already
familiar with, except that the "participants" are individual research
studies, not individual people.
Assignment Expert
Negative Correlation Ans: A relationship between two variables such that
a high score on one variable is associated with a low score on another
variable.
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Nomenclature Ans: A formalized naming system.
1-Year Prevalence Ans: The total number of cases of a health-related
2026
state or condition in a population for a given year.
Placebo Treatment Ans: An inert pill or otherwise neutral intervention
©
that produces desirable therapeutic effects because of the subject's
expectations that it will be beneficial.
Point Prevalence Ans: The number of cases of a specific condition or
disorder that can be found in a population at one given point in time.
Positive Correlation Ans: A relationship between two variables such that
a high score on one variable is associated with a high score on another
variable.
Prevalence Ans: In a population, the proportion of active cases of a
disorder that can be identified at a given point in time or during a given
period.
Exam #1: Abnormal Psychology: Chapters 1-4
Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update
ABAB Design Ans: An experimental design, often involving a single
subject, wherein a baseline period (A) is followed by a treatment (B). To
confirm that the treatment resulted in a change in behavior, the
treatment is then withdrawn (A) and reinstated (B).
Abnormal Psychology Ans: Field of psychology concerned with the
study, assessment, treatment, and prevention of abnormal behavior.
Assignment Expert
Acute Ans: Term used to describe a disorder of sudden onset, usually
with intense symptoms (short in duration).
Guru01 - Stuvia
Analogue Studies Ans: Studies in which a researcher attempts to emulate
the conditions hypothesized as leading to abnormality.
Bias Ans: Observer bias occurs when the researcher has preconceived
2026
ideas and expectations that influence the observations he or she makes
in the research study.
©
Case Study Method Ans: An in-depth examination of an individual or
family that draws from a number of data sources, including interviews
and psychological testing.
Chronic Ans: Term used to describe a long-standing or frequently
recurring disorder, often with progressing seriousness (long in duration).
Comorbidity Ans: Occurrence of two or more identified disorders in the
same psychologically disordered individual.
Comparison or Control Group Ans: Group of subjects who do not exhibit
the disorder being studied but who are comparable in all other respects
to the criterion group. Also, a comparison group of subjects who do not
receive a condition or treatment the effects of which are being studied.
, 2 for specific request mail
Correlation Ans: The tendency of two variables to change together. With
positive correlation, as one variable goes up, so does the other; with
negative correlation, one variable goes up as the other goes down.
Correlational Method/Correlational Research Ans: A research strategy
that examines whether and how variables go together (covary) without
manipulating (changing) any variables.
Correlation Coefficient Ans: A statistic that ranges from +1.0 to -1.0 and
reflects the degree of association between two variables. The magnitude
of the correlation indicates the strength of the association, and the sign
Assignment Expert
indicates whether the correlation is positive or negative.
Criterion Group Ans: Group of subjects who exhibit the disorder under
Guru01 - Stuvia
study.
Dependent Variable Ans: In an experiment, the factor that is observed to
change with changes in the manipulated (independent) variables.
2026
Direct Observation Ans: Method of collecting research data that involves
directly observing behavior in a given situation.
©
Direction of Effect Problem Ans: Refers to the fact that, in correlational
research, it cannot be concluded whether variable A causes variable B or
whether variable B causes variable A.
Double-Blind Study Ans: Often used in studies examining drug treatment
effects, a condition where neither the subject nor the experimenter has
knowledge about what specific experimental condition (or drug) the
subject is receiving.
Effect Size Ans: A statistical term referring to the strength of the
relationship between two variables in a statistical population.
Epidemiology Ans: Study of the distribution of diseases, disorders, or
health-related behaviors in a given population. Mental health
epidemiology is the study of the distribution of mental disorders.
, 3 for specific request mail
Etiology Ans: Factors that are related to the development (or cause) of a
particular disease.
Experimental Research Ans: Research that involves the manipulation of a
given factor or variable with everything else held constant.
External Validity Ans: The extent to which the findings from a single
study are relevant to other populations, contexts, or times.
Family Aggregation Ans: The clustering of certain traits, behaviors, or
disorders within a given family. Family aggregation may arise because of
genetic or environmental similarities.
Assignment Expert
Generalizability Ans: The extent to which the findings from a single
study can be used to draw conclusions about other samples.
Guru01 - Stuvia
Hypothesis Ans: Statement or proposition, usually based on observation,
that is tested in an experiment; may be refuted or supported by
experimental results but can never be conclusively proved.
2026
Incidence Ans: Occurrence (onset) rate of a given disorder in a given
©
population.
Independent Variable Ans: Factors whose effects are being examined and
which is manipulated in some way, while other variables are held
constant.
Internal Validity Ans: The extent to which a study is free of confounds,
is methodologically sound, and allows the researcher to have confidence
in the findings.
Labeling Ans: Assigning a person to a particular diagnostic category,
such as schizophrenia.
Lifetime Prevalence Ans: The proportion of living persons in a
population who have ever had a disorder up to the time of the
epidemiological assessment.
, 4 for specific request mail
Longitudinal Design Ans: A research design in which people are followed
over time.
Meta-Analysis Ans: A statistical method used to combine the results of a
number of similar research studies. The data from each study are
transformed into a common metric called the effect size. This allows the
data from the various studies to be combined and then analyzed. You can
think of a meta-analysis as being like research that you are already
familiar with, except that the "participants" are individual research
studies, not individual people.
Assignment Expert
Negative Correlation Ans: A relationship between two variables such that
a high score on one variable is associated with a low score on another
variable.
Guru01 - Stuvia
Nomenclature Ans: A formalized naming system.
1-Year Prevalence Ans: The total number of cases of a health-related
2026
state or condition in a population for a given year.
Placebo Treatment Ans: An inert pill or otherwise neutral intervention
©
that produces desirable therapeutic effects because of the subject's
expectations that it will be beneficial.
Point Prevalence Ans: The number of cases of a specific condition or
disorder that can be found in a population at one given point in time.
Positive Correlation Ans: A relationship between two variables such that
a high score on one variable is associated with a high score on another
variable.
Prevalence Ans: In a population, the proportion of active cases of a
disorder that can be identified at a given point in time or during a given
period.
