NCMHCE Exam Questions and Correct Answers |
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Counseling
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: designed to help the client gain a
perspective on how they behave
Self-knowledge
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: Used to help client learn how to make
better decisions and to take responsibility for their own actions
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Value judgment
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(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: carefully considering accumulated data to
ensure that it is complete and accurate in order to make an interpretation
or inference
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Decision making
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: process in which the collected data has
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been weighed against possible consequences and test results
Nonstandard Procedures
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: Observations of client behaviors and
performance
3 levels of behavior observations
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: 1st Level = casual informational
observations; watching the client in unstructured activities throughout
the day
2nd Level = guided observation; intentional direct observation with a
checklist/rating scale to evaluate performance or bx seen
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3rd Level = clinical level; observation is done in a controlled setting for a
lengthy period of time
Actuarial/Statistical Prediction
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: based on empirically validated data
incorporating regressive or multiple regressive equations
Clinical Predictions
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: Based on intuition and experience of
observing clincian
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Guidelines for assessing culturally diverse populations
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(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: 1. clarify purpose of evaluation
2. be sensitive to test material that unfairly discriminates
3. use alternative method of assessment that is more appropriate
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4. familiarize yourself to the norms/values of the examinee's culture
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5. establish rapport or call on another clinician if rapport is not
established
Spearman intelligence
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: Proposed general intelligence factor (g)
and any number of specific intelligence factors (s) unique to a task
Horn and Cattell
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: adjusted Spearman model by dividing (g)
into Crystallized Intelligence (Gc) and Fluid Intelligence (Gf)
Crystallized Intelligence = knowledge and skills acquired thru education
& experience; continues to increase throughout life
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Fluid Intelligence = ability to solve new problems; peaks in adolescence
and declines thereafter
Sternberg intelligence theory
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: Successful intelligence is composed of
analytical, practical, and creative elements; argued that standardized test
focus almost exclusively on analytical elements
Gardner multiple intelligence theory
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: Proposed 8 kinds of intelligence:
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1. linguistic
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2. musical
3. logical-mathmatical
4. spatial
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5. bodily-kinesthetic
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6. interpersonal
7. intrapersonal
8. naturalistic
Seattle Longitudinal Study (Schaie et al.)
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: - 7 yr intervals from 1956-2005
- no uniform pattern of age-related changes across all intellectual
abilities, except for maybe perceptual speed
Effects of Heredity on Intelligence
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: - individuals w/genetic similarity have
similar levels of intelligence
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- 32-64% of variability in intelligence comes from genetic factors
Effects of Environment on Intelligence
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: - SES is consistently linked to performance
on intelligence tests
- Flynn Effect = gradual increase in IQ scores that occur in industrialized
nations
> change of 3-6 points over 1-2 generations
> not due to genetics
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Effects of Gender on Intelligence
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(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: - females perform better on verbal ability
- males perform better on spatial and quantitative ability
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- males more likely to be at extreme ends of score distribution for every
type of intelligence
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Effects of Race on Intelligence
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: - Whites outperform African Americans on
Stanford-Binet, Wechsler, and other IQ tests by about 1 SD
> this is diminishing
- Slope bias = predictor is more accurate for one group than for another
- Intercept bias = predictor consistently over-predicts or under-predicts
performance for a particular group
Standardized test
(Assessment & Diagnosis) Ans: questions and responses from all tests
can be compared w/one another. Every aspect of the test must remain
consistent