CSN Nursing 101 Exam 2--Theoretical Foundations
of Nursing Questions and Verified Answers
What are the goals of nursing research? SATA.
A. Improve care of people in social settings.
B. Study people and the nursing process.
C. Become better assistants to physicians.
D. Develop autonomy and strength as a profession.
E. Provide emotion-based nursing practice. - CORRECT ANSWER B, D
Rationales:
,A: Goal is to improve care of people in clinical settings.
C: Goal is to be more than than an assistant to a physician.
E: Goal is to provide evidence-based nursing practice.
Curriculum development, including education leading to passing the NCLEX, falls under which goal of the
nursing process? - CORRECT ANSWER "Study people and the nursing process"
A researcher interviews patients and find that most rate their hospital experience "above average."
What kind of data is this? - CORRECT ANSWER Qualitative
Put the steps in implementing EBP (evidenced-based practice) in order:
A. Ask a question about a clinical area of interest/intervention
B. Critically appraise the evidence
C. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a decision to
change
D. Collect the most relevant and best evidence
E. Evaluate the practice change - CORRECT ANSWER A, D, B, C, E
The nurse has a suggestion for improving response in the next mass casualty event. The supervisor will
ask the nurse for a proposal; what is that called? - CORRECT ANSWER PICO
Identify the elements of PICO.
In post-menopausal women, does hormone replacement therapy (HRT), compared to no HRT, increase
the risk of breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER P = post-menopausal women (patient, population, or
problem)
I = hormone replacement therapy (intervention)
C = no HRT (comparison)
O = increase the risk of breast cancer (outcome)
What are the four elements of every nursing theory? - CORRECT ANSWER patient, nursing,
environment, health
Which nursing theorist called for the promotion of health and created the "canons of nursing?" -
CORRECT ANSWER Florence Nightingale
Which nursing theorist believed that the nurse's role is as a change agent to help the patient modify
external stimuli and adapt? - CORRECT ANSWER Sister Callista Roy
, Which nursing theorist believed that the nurse helps the individual to achieve health by collaborating
with the individual to set and realize their goals? - CORRECT ANSWER Imogene King
Which nursing theorist focused on restoring the patient's self-care capability? - CORRECT ANSWER
Dorothea Orem
Which are elements in the chain of infection? SATA.
A. Portals of entry
B. Modes of transportation
C. Portals of exit
D. Infection agents
E. Reservoir
F. Susceptible host - CORRECT ANSWER A, B, C, D, E, F
In which stage of infection is the person most contagious? - CORRECT ANSWER Prodromal stage
In which stage does the invading organism proliferate? - CORRECT ANSWER Incubation stage
The body exhibits two defenses to an invading organism. What are they? - CORRECT ANSWER
Inflammatory response
Immune response
A patient takes TUMS after every meal to prevent heartburn. The nurse says this is not advisable
because it makes the patient more susceptible to infection. Why is that? - CORRECT ANSWER pH
levels in the GI and GU tracts become more alkaline due to the constant lowering of acid levels with
antacids. The body's normal high acidity kills infectious agents, but the pt's low acidity due to antacids
allows infectious agents to live and possibly multiply.
A patient goes in for testing and is told his white blood cell count is below normal. This means that the
patient has less than ______________ white blood cells. - CORRECT ANSWER 5000
A patient's labs show that his white blood cell count is 12,000, yet he is still unable to fight off infection.
Why is that? - CORRECT ANSWER Even though the normal range of WBCs is 5000 to 10,000, the
individual cells could could be ineffective or underdeveloped, and therefore inadequate in fighting off
infection.
Who is at risk for infection? SATA.
A. An infant
B. Man who believes that vaccines are just government control and refuses boosters
C. A woman with leukemia
of Nursing Questions and Verified Answers
What are the goals of nursing research? SATA.
A. Improve care of people in social settings.
B. Study people and the nursing process.
C. Become better assistants to physicians.
D. Develop autonomy and strength as a profession.
E. Provide emotion-based nursing practice. - CORRECT ANSWER B, D
Rationales:
,A: Goal is to improve care of people in clinical settings.
C: Goal is to be more than than an assistant to a physician.
E: Goal is to provide evidence-based nursing practice.
Curriculum development, including education leading to passing the NCLEX, falls under which goal of the
nursing process? - CORRECT ANSWER "Study people and the nursing process"
A researcher interviews patients and find that most rate their hospital experience "above average."
What kind of data is this? - CORRECT ANSWER Qualitative
Put the steps in implementing EBP (evidenced-based practice) in order:
A. Ask a question about a clinical area of interest/intervention
B. Critically appraise the evidence
C. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a decision to
change
D. Collect the most relevant and best evidence
E. Evaluate the practice change - CORRECT ANSWER A, D, B, C, E
The nurse has a suggestion for improving response in the next mass casualty event. The supervisor will
ask the nurse for a proposal; what is that called? - CORRECT ANSWER PICO
Identify the elements of PICO.
In post-menopausal women, does hormone replacement therapy (HRT), compared to no HRT, increase
the risk of breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER P = post-menopausal women (patient, population, or
problem)
I = hormone replacement therapy (intervention)
C = no HRT (comparison)
O = increase the risk of breast cancer (outcome)
What are the four elements of every nursing theory? - CORRECT ANSWER patient, nursing,
environment, health
Which nursing theorist called for the promotion of health and created the "canons of nursing?" -
CORRECT ANSWER Florence Nightingale
Which nursing theorist believed that the nurse's role is as a change agent to help the patient modify
external stimuli and adapt? - CORRECT ANSWER Sister Callista Roy
, Which nursing theorist believed that the nurse helps the individual to achieve health by collaborating
with the individual to set and realize their goals? - CORRECT ANSWER Imogene King
Which nursing theorist focused on restoring the patient's self-care capability? - CORRECT ANSWER
Dorothea Orem
Which are elements in the chain of infection? SATA.
A. Portals of entry
B. Modes of transportation
C. Portals of exit
D. Infection agents
E. Reservoir
F. Susceptible host - CORRECT ANSWER A, B, C, D, E, F
In which stage of infection is the person most contagious? - CORRECT ANSWER Prodromal stage
In which stage does the invading organism proliferate? - CORRECT ANSWER Incubation stage
The body exhibits two defenses to an invading organism. What are they? - CORRECT ANSWER
Inflammatory response
Immune response
A patient takes TUMS after every meal to prevent heartburn. The nurse says this is not advisable
because it makes the patient more susceptible to infection. Why is that? - CORRECT ANSWER pH
levels in the GI and GU tracts become more alkaline due to the constant lowering of acid levels with
antacids. The body's normal high acidity kills infectious agents, but the pt's low acidity due to antacids
allows infectious agents to live and possibly multiply.
A patient goes in for testing and is told his white blood cell count is below normal. This means that the
patient has less than ______________ white blood cells. - CORRECT ANSWER 5000
A patient's labs show that his white blood cell count is 12,000, yet he is still unable to fight off infection.
Why is that? - CORRECT ANSWER Even though the normal range of WBCs is 5000 to 10,000, the
individual cells could could be ineffective or underdeveloped, and therefore inadequate in fighting off
infection.
Who is at risk for infection? SATA.
A. An infant
B. Man who believes that vaccines are just government control and refuses boosters
C. A woman with leukemia
