NSGD 2147 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Duty of care - (ANSWER)To provide safe, competent, and ethical care to their patient's.
Scope of practice - (ANSWER)To work within their scope of practice defined by the CNO or regulatory
body.
Negligence - (ANSWER)When a nurse fails to meet the standard of care causing harm.
Malpractice - (ANSWER)Form of professional negligence.
Confidentiality and privacy - (ANSWER)Federal laws (PIPED), Provincial laws (PHIPA), Institutional and
professional guidelines.
Informed Consent - (ANSWER)The nature of the treatment, the risks and benefits, alternatives, the right
to refuse, given voluntarily, must always be obtained unless emergency.
Mandatory reporting - (ANSWER)Legally required to report child abuse or neglect, elder abuse, unsafe
or incompetent health professionals, communicable disease, gunshot wounds.
Accountability and professional misconduct - (ANSWER)Accountable to their regulatory body;
misconduct can include breach of confidentiality, practicing while impaired, abandoning patients,
fraudulent documentation, sexual or verbal abuse.
Delegation and Supervision - (ANSWER)Nurses who delegate tasks are responsible for ensuring the
person is competent, providing supervision, and retaining accountability.
Legal protections - (ANSWER)Nurses are protected by law to refuse unsafe work assignments,
whistleblower protection, and protection from liability when acting in good faith in emergencies.
Ethical vs Legal Responsibilities - (ANSWER)Legal duties enforceable by law; ethical obligations guide
professional behaviour and may be used in disciplinary processes.
, NSGD 2147 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Duty of care (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Common law / Tort law.
Scope of practice (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Provincial nursing legislation.
Informed consent (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Health care consent laws / Case law.
Confidentiality (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Privacy laws (PIPEDA, PHIPA, etc.).
Mandatory reporting (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Child and Family Services Act, others.
Documentation (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Institutional policy / Evidence law.
Delegation/Supervision (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Regulatory standards.
Misconduct / Discipline (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Professional regulatory body.
Evolution of nursing and ethics - (ANSWER)Different eras focus on various ethical characteristics.
Religious Era - (ANSWER)Obedience, selflessness; care as charity and duty.
Nightingale Era - (ANSWER)Compassion, integrity; hygiene, data, moral leadership.
Professionalization Era - (ANSWER)Duty, loyalty; role of nurse formalized, limited autonomy.
Patient Rights Era - (ANSWER)Advocacy, autonomy; rise of bioethics, patients' rights.
Modern Era - (ANSWER)Equity, justice, leadership; ethics in complex, global systems.
Duty of care - (ANSWER)To provide safe, competent, and ethical care to their patient's.
Scope of practice - (ANSWER)To work within their scope of practice defined by the CNO or regulatory
body.
Negligence - (ANSWER)When a nurse fails to meet the standard of care causing harm.
Malpractice - (ANSWER)Form of professional negligence.
Confidentiality and privacy - (ANSWER)Federal laws (PIPED), Provincial laws (PHIPA), Institutional and
professional guidelines.
Informed Consent - (ANSWER)The nature of the treatment, the risks and benefits, alternatives, the right
to refuse, given voluntarily, must always be obtained unless emergency.
Mandatory reporting - (ANSWER)Legally required to report child abuse or neglect, elder abuse, unsafe
or incompetent health professionals, communicable disease, gunshot wounds.
Accountability and professional misconduct - (ANSWER)Accountable to their regulatory body;
misconduct can include breach of confidentiality, practicing while impaired, abandoning patients,
fraudulent documentation, sexual or verbal abuse.
Delegation and Supervision - (ANSWER)Nurses who delegate tasks are responsible for ensuring the
person is competent, providing supervision, and retaining accountability.
Legal protections - (ANSWER)Nurses are protected by law to refuse unsafe work assignments,
whistleblower protection, and protection from liability when acting in good faith in emergencies.
Ethical vs Legal Responsibilities - (ANSWER)Legal duties enforceable by law; ethical obligations guide
professional behaviour and may be used in disciplinary processes.
, NSGD 2147 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Duty of care (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Common law / Tort law.
Scope of practice (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Provincial nursing legislation.
Informed consent (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Health care consent laws / Case law.
Confidentiality (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Privacy laws (PIPEDA, PHIPA, etc.).
Mandatory reporting (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Child and Family Services Act, others.
Documentation (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Institutional policy / Evidence law.
Delegation/Supervision (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Regulatory standards.
Misconduct / Discipline (Legal Source) - (ANSWER)Professional regulatory body.
Evolution of nursing and ethics - (ANSWER)Different eras focus on various ethical characteristics.
Religious Era - (ANSWER)Obedience, selflessness; care as charity and duty.
Nightingale Era - (ANSWER)Compassion, integrity; hygiene, data, moral leadership.
Professionalization Era - (ANSWER)Duty, loyalty; role of nurse formalized, limited autonomy.
Patient Rights Era - (ANSWER)Advocacy, autonomy; rise of bioethics, patients' rights.
Modern Era - (ANSWER)Equity, justice, leadership; ethics in complex, global systems.
