Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
Test Bank - Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing
Care, 2nd Edition (Linnard-Palmer, 2026), Chapter
1-38 | All Chapters newest version Questions and
Answers with Detailed Rationales
A mother reports that her 6-year-old child is highly active and irritable. She has irregular habits and adapts
slowly to new routines people or situations. According to Chess and Thomas which temperament category
best describes this child?
a. Easy child
b. Difficult child
c. Slow-to-warm-up child
d. Fast-to-warm-up child - ANS :ANS: B
This is a description of a difficult child who compose about 10% of the population. Negative withdrawal
responses are typical of this type of child who requires a more structured environment. Mood expressions are
usually intense and primarily negative. These children exhibit frequent periods of crying and often violent
tantrums. Easy children are even-tempered regular and predictable in their habits. They are open and
adaptable to change. Approximately 40% of children fit this description. Slow-to-warm-up children typically
react negatively and with mild intensity to new stimuli and adapt slowly with repeated contact.
Approximately 10% of children fit this description. Fast-to-warm-up children is not one of the categories
identified by Chess and Thomas.
By the time children reach their twelfth birthday which should they have developed a sense of according to
Erikson?
a. Identity
b. Industry
c. Integrity
d. Intimacy - ANS :ANS: B
Industry is the developmental task of school-age children. By age 12 years children engage in tasks that they
can carry through to completion. They learn to compete and cooperate with others and they learn rules.
Linnard-Palmer 1
, Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
Identity versus role confusion is the developmental task of adolescence. Integrity and intimacy are not
developmental tasks of childhood.
The predominant characteristic of the intellectual development for children ages 2 to 7 years is egocentrism.
What best describes this concept?
a. Selfishness
b. Self-centredness
c. A preference for playing alone
d. Inability to put oneself in another's place - ANS :ANS: D
According to Piaget a child this age is in the preoperational stage of development. Children interpret objects
and events not in terms of their general properties but in terms of their own relationships to them. This
egocentrism does not allow children in this age group to put themselves in another's place. Selfishness self-
centredness and preferring to play alone do not describe the concept of egocentricity.
The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10-month-old daughter. What should the nurse recognize as
evidence that the child is developing object permanence?
a. The child looks for the toy parents hide under the blanket.
b. The child returns the blocks to the same spot on the table.
c. The child recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out.
d. The child bangs two cubes held in her hands. - ANS :ANS: A
Object permanence is the realization that items that leave the visual field still exist. When the infant searches
for the toy under the blanket it is an indication that she has developed a sense of object permanence.
Returning blocks to the same spot on a table is not an example of object permanence. Recognizing a ball of
clay is the same when flat is an example of conservation which occurs during the concrete operations stage
from 7 to 11 years of age. Banging cubes together is a simple repetitive activity characteristic of developing a
sense of cause and effect.
Which is a characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development?
a. Thinking is logical.
b. Thinking is concrete.
c. Reasoning is inductive.
d. Generalizations can be made. - ANS :ANS: B
Linnard-Palmer 2
, Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
Preoperational thinking is concrete and tangible. Children in this stage of development cannot reason beyond
the observable and they lack the ability to make deductions or generalizations. Increasingly logical thought
inductive reasoning and the ability to make generalizations are characteristic of the concrete operations stage
of development that takes place from 7 to 11 years of age.
Which behaviour is most characteristic of the concrete operations stage in cognitive development?
a. Progression from reflex activity to imitative behaviour
b. Inability to put oneself in another's place
c. Increasingly logical and coherent thought processes
d. Ability to think in abstract terms and draw logical conclusions - ANS :ANS: C
During the concrete operations stage of development which occurs approximately between the ages of 7 and
11 years increasingly logical and coherent thought processes occur. This is characterized by the child's ability
to classify sort order and organize facts to use in problem-solving. The progression from reflex activity to
imitative behaviour is characteristic of the sensorimotor stage of development. The inability to put oneself in
another's place is characteristic of the preoperational stage of development. The ability to think in abstract
terms and draw logical conclusions is characteristic of the formal operations stage of development.
According to Kohlberg children develop moral reasoning as they mature. What characteristic is most
descriptive of the preschooler's stage of moral development?
a. Obeying the rules of correct behaviour is important.
b. Showing respect for authority is important behaviour.
c. Behaviour that pleases others is considered good.
d. Actions are determined good or bad in terms of their consequences. - ANS :ANS: D
Preschoolers are most likely to exhibit characteristics of Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral
development. During this stage they are culturally oriented to labels of good or bad right or wrong. Children
integrate these concepts based on the physical or pleasurable consequences of their actions. Obeying rules of
correct behaviour showing respect for authority and knowing behaviour that pleases others are characteristic
of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development.
At what age do children tend to imitate the religious gestures and behaviours of others without understanding
their significance?
a. Toddlerhood
b. Younger school-age period
Linnard-Palmer 3
, Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
c. Older school-age period
d. Adolescence - ANS :ANS: A
Toddlerhood is a time of imitative behaviour. Children will copy the behaviour of others without
comprehending that the activities have any significance or meaning. During the school-age period most
children develop a strong interest in religion. They accept the existence of a deity and petitions to an
omnipotent being are important. Although adolescents become more skeptical and uncertain about religious
beliefs they do understand the significance of religious rituals.
A toddler playing with sand and water is engaging in what type of play?
a. Skill
b. Dramatic
c. Social-affective
d. Sense-pleasure - ANS :ANS: D
A toddler playing with sand and water is engaging in sense-pleasure play. This type of play is characterized by
nonsocial situations in which the child is stimulated by objects in the environment. Infants engage in skill play
when they persistently demonstrate and exercise newly acquired abilities. Dramatic play where children
pretend and fantasize is the predominant form of play in the preschool period. Social-affective play is one of
the first types of play infants engage in by responding to interactions with people.
What type of play involves children engaged in a similar or identical activity without organization division of
labour or a mutual goal?
a. Solitary
b. Parallel
c. Associative
d. Cooperative - ANS :ANS: C
In associative play no group goal is present and each child acts according to his or her own wishes. Although
the children may be involved in similar activities no organization division of labour leadership assignment or
mutual goal exists. Solitary play describes children playing alone with toys different from those used by other
children in the same area. Parallel play describes children playing independently while among other children.
Cooperative play describes children in a group who engage in organized activities with a common goal.
The nurse observes some children in the playroom. Which situation exhibits the characteristics of parallel
play?
Linnard-Palmer 4
Edition
Test Bank - Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing
Care, 2nd Edition (Linnard-Palmer, 2026), Chapter
1-38 | All Chapters newest version Questions and
Answers with Detailed Rationales
A mother reports that her 6-year-old child is highly active and irritable. She has irregular habits and adapts
slowly to new routines people or situations. According to Chess and Thomas which temperament category
best describes this child?
a. Easy child
b. Difficult child
c. Slow-to-warm-up child
d. Fast-to-warm-up child - ANS :ANS: B
This is a description of a difficult child who compose about 10% of the population. Negative withdrawal
responses are typical of this type of child who requires a more structured environment. Mood expressions are
usually intense and primarily negative. These children exhibit frequent periods of crying and often violent
tantrums. Easy children are even-tempered regular and predictable in their habits. They are open and
adaptable to change. Approximately 40% of children fit this description. Slow-to-warm-up children typically
react negatively and with mild intensity to new stimuli and adapt slowly with repeated contact.
Approximately 10% of children fit this description. Fast-to-warm-up children is not one of the categories
identified by Chess and Thomas.
By the time children reach their twelfth birthday which should they have developed a sense of according to
Erikson?
a. Identity
b. Industry
c. Integrity
d. Intimacy - ANS :ANS: B
Industry is the developmental task of school-age children. By age 12 years children engage in tasks that they
can carry through to completion. They learn to compete and cooperate with others and they learn rules.
Linnard-Palmer 1
, Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
Identity versus role confusion is the developmental task of adolescence. Integrity and intimacy are not
developmental tasks of childhood.
The predominant characteristic of the intellectual development for children ages 2 to 7 years is egocentrism.
What best describes this concept?
a. Selfishness
b. Self-centredness
c. A preference for playing alone
d. Inability to put oneself in another's place - ANS :ANS: D
According to Piaget a child this age is in the preoperational stage of development. Children interpret objects
and events not in terms of their general properties but in terms of their own relationships to them. This
egocentrism does not allow children in this age group to put themselves in another's place. Selfishness self-
centredness and preferring to play alone do not describe the concept of egocentricity.
The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10-month-old daughter. What should the nurse recognize as
evidence that the child is developing object permanence?
a. The child looks for the toy parents hide under the blanket.
b. The child returns the blocks to the same spot on the table.
c. The child recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out.
d. The child bangs two cubes held in her hands. - ANS :ANS: A
Object permanence is the realization that items that leave the visual field still exist. When the infant searches
for the toy under the blanket it is an indication that she has developed a sense of object permanence.
Returning blocks to the same spot on a table is not an example of object permanence. Recognizing a ball of
clay is the same when flat is an example of conservation which occurs during the concrete operations stage
from 7 to 11 years of age. Banging cubes together is a simple repetitive activity characteristic of developing a
sense of cause and effect.
Which is a characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development?
a. Thinking is logical.
b. Thinking is concrete.
c. Reasoning is inductive.
d. Generalizations can be made. - ANS :ANS: B
Linnard-Palmer 2
, Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
Preoperational thinking is concrete and tangible. Children in this stage of development cannot reason beyond
the observable and they lack the ability to make deductions or generalizations. Increasingly logical thought
inductive reasoning and the ability to make generalizations are characteristic of the concrete operations stage
of development that takes place from 7 to 11 years of age.
Which behaviour is most characteristic of the concrete operations stage in cognitive development?
a. Progression from reflex activity to imitative behaviour
b. Inability to put oneself in another's place
c. Increasingly logical and coherent thought processes
d. Ability to think in abstract terms and draw logical conclusions - ANS :ANS: C
During the concrete operations stage of development which occurs approximately between the ages of 7 and
11 years increasingly logical and coherent thought processes occur. This is characterized by the child's ability
to classify sort order and organize facts to use in problem-solving. The progression from reflex activity to
imitative behaviour is characteristic of the sensorimotor stage of development. The inability to put oneself in
another's place is characteristic of the preoperational stage of development. The ability to think in abstract
terms and draw logical conclusions is characteristic of the formal operations stage of development.
According to Kohlberg children develop moral reasoning as they mature. What characteristic is most
descriptive of the preschooler's stage of moral development?
a. Obeying the rules of correct behaviour is important.
b. Showing respect for authority is important behaviour.
c. Behaviour that pleases others is considered good.
d. Actions are determined good or bad in terms of their consequences. - ANS :ANS: D
Preschoolers are most likely to exhibit characteristics of Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral
development. During this stage they are culturally oriented to labels of good or bad right or wrong. Children
integrate these concepts based on the physical or pleasurable consequences of their actions. Obeying rules of
correct behaviour showing respect for authority and knowing behaviour that pleases others are characteristic
of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development.
At what age do children tend to imitate the religious gestures and behaviours of others without understanding
their significance?
a. Toddlerhood
b. Younger school-age period
Linnard-Palmer 3
, Safe Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care, 2nd
Edition
c. Older school-age period
d. Adolescence - ANS :ANS: A
Toddlerhood is a time of imitative behaviour. Children will copy the behaviour of others without
comprehending that the activities have any significance or meaning. During the school-age period most
children develop a strong interest in religion. They accept the existence of a deity and petitions to an
omnipotent being are important. Although adolescents become more skeptical and uncertain about religious
beliefs they do understand the significance of religious rituals.
A toddler playing with sand and water is engaging in what type of play?
a. Skill
b. Dramatic
c. Social-affective
d. Sense-pleasure - ANS :ANS: D
A toddler playing with sand and water is engaging in sense-pleasure play. This type of play is characterized by
nonsocial situations in which the child is stimulated by objects in the environment. Infants engage in skill play
when they persistently demonstrate and exercise newly acquired abilities. Dramatic play where children
pretend and fantasize is the predominant form of play in the preschool period. Social-affective play is one of
the first types of play infants engage in by responding to interactions with people.
What type of play involves children engaged in a similar or identical activity without organization division of
labour or a mutual goal?
a. Solitary
b. Parallel
c. Associative
d. Cooperative - ANS :ANS: C
In associative play no group goal is present and each child acts according to his or her own wishes. Although
the children may be involved in similar activities no organization division of labour leadership assignment or
mutual goal exists. Solitary play describes children playing alone with toys different from those used by other
children in the same area. Parallel play describes children playing independently while among other children.
Cooperative play describes children in a group who engage in organized activities with a common goal.
The nurse observes some children in the playroom. Which situation exhibits the characteristics of parallel
play?
Linnard-Palmer 4
