,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
v$
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. nitrogen fixation v$ c. synthesis of vitamins v$ v$
b. production of fermented foods v$ v$ d. causative agents of disease v$ v $ v$ v$ v$
ANS: D v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ C: Re
v$
membering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. fungi.
v $ c. virus.
b. E. coli.
v $ v$ d. algae.
ANS: C v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. v$
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
v $ v$
ANS: B v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
v $
ANS: D v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
v$ v$
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
v$ v $ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. the absence of proteins
v$ v$ v$
b. the presence of DNA
v$ v$ v$
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
v$ v$ v$ v$
d. the presence of a cell wall
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Remembering
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ l
osely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. physical characteristics v$ c. DNA sequence comparison v$ v$
b. method of reproduction v$ v$ d. environmental habitat v $ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli v$
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D v$ DIF: Moderate REF: v $ 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ MSC: Understanding
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi v $
ANS: A v $ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ MSC: Understanding
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses v $ v$
ANS: B v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ MSC: Understanding
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ v$
of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic th
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
at targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
v$ v$ v$ v$
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba v$ v$
b. Herpes virus v$ d. bread mold v $ v$
ANS: B v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: A
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ v$
nalyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
v $ v$ c. Robert Hooke
v$ v$
b. Catherine of Siena
v $ v$ d. Louis Pasteur
v$ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 v$
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MS
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $
C: Remembering
v$
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
ANS: D v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 v$
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $
: Understanding
v$
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. vinegar eels v$ c. mold filaments v$
b. dust mites v$ d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis v$
ANS: D v$ DIF: Moderate REF: v $ 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
v$
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. nitrogen fixation v$ c. synthesis of vitamins v$ v$
b. production of fermented foods v$ v$ d. causative agents of disease v$ v $ v$ v$ v$
ANS: D v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ C: Re
v$
membering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. fungi.
v $ c. virus.
b. E. coli.
v $ v$ d. algae.
ANS: C v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. v$
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
v $ v$
ANS: B v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
v $
ANS: D v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
v$ v$
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
v$ v $ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. the absence of proteins
v$ v$ v$
b. the presence of DNA
v$ v$ v$
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
v$ v$ v$ v$
d. the presence of a cell wall
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Remembering
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ l
osely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. physical characteristics v$ c. DNA sequence comparison v$ v$
b. method of reproduction v$ v$ d. environmental habitat v $ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ v$ MSC: Applying
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli v$
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D v$ DIF: Moderate REF: v $ 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ MSC: Understanding
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi v $
ANS: A v $ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ MSC: Understanding
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses v $ v$
ANS: B v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ et
v$
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
v$ v$ MSC: Understanding
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ v$
of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic th
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
at targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
v$ v$ v$ v$
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba v$ v$
b. Herpes virus v$ d. bread mold v $ v$
ANS: B v$ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 v$
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: A
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ v$
nalyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
v $ v$ c. Robert Hooke
v$ v$
b. Catherine of Siena
v $ v$ d. Louis Pasteur
v$ v$
ANS: C v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 v$
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MS
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $
C: Remembering
v$
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $ nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
ANS: D v$ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 v$
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v $
: Understanding
v$
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$ v$
a. vinegar eels v$ c. mold filaments v$
b. dust mites v$ d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis v$
ANS: D v$ DIF: Moderate REF: v $ 1.2
