MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
350+ (Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer Key Solutions
Question 1
What is hypermetropia?
Correct!
long sitedness, whereby light ray convergence at a point after the retina, and therfore out of focus.
Nearby objects apphear blurry while distant objects are clearer
Question 2
what is myopia?
Correct!
near/short sightedness, close is clear, far is blurry
-usual starts in puberty and gets worse untill eye is fully grown. also in very young children.
Question 3
conditions associated with myopia?
Correct!
squint- childhood eyes point in diff. directions.
lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly
glaucoma - IOC pressure.
cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense.
Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel that nourish it
Question 4
What is astigmatism?
Correct!
Failure to converge image at one point on the fovea (likea refraction rather than focusing)
, Question 5
Causes of astigmatism?
Correct!
-Hereditary - corneal or lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
Question 6
What is presbyopia?
Correct!
gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects. It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs
Question 7
Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Correct!
S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
Question 8
what is opthalmia neonatorum?
Correct!
chlamydia or gonorrheae infection from infected birth canal affecting 20-40%
Question 9
What is Episcleritis ?
Correct!
Inflamationof localiased superficial episclera vascular network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to sever
inflam @1-3 month intervals)
-Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated systemic disease)
, Question 10
What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis?
Correct!
type 1 hypersensitivity - seasonal (SAC)
perrenial - chronic (PAC)
Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma
gaint pappilary (GPC)
Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC)
Question 11
What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis
Correct!
inner lining of the eyelid swells and develops small bumps. Known as papillae, these bumps tend to form
after chronic irritation
Question 12
what can cause a corneal abbration?
Correct!
Direct trauma
Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva
Heat by contact
UV radiation (Arc Eye)
Question 13
What can cause corneal ulcer?
Correct!
can be secondary to abrasive trauma, pentrating injuries or prolonged use of contact lenses
Question 14
What are dendritic ulcers?
Correct!
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is the most frequent cause of corneal blindness.
- aggressive treatment -
, Question 15
Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers?
Correct!
Pain
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Tearing
Redness
- with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern,
Question 16
Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy?
Correct!
- infectious epithelial keratitis (with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear)
Question 17
what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis
Correct!
Pain, generally developing over a few hours or days except in cases of trauma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Increased lacrimation
Chronic anterior uveitis presents primarily as blurred vision and mild redness.
pain & photophobia normaly only during acute episode.
Question 18
what are the symptoms of posterior Uveitis?
Correct!
Blurred vision and floaters
Absence of symptoms of anterior uveitis (ie, pain, redness, and photophobia)
All parts of the posterior chamber may be affected, including the retina, choroid and optic nerve. It can
be caused by bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections.
350+ (Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer Key Solutions
Question 1
What is hypermetropia?
Correct!
long sitedness, whereby light ray convergence at a point after the retina, and therfore out of focus.
Nearby objects apphear blurry while distant objects are clearer
Question 2
what is myopia?
Correct!
near/short sightedness, close is clear, far is blurry
-usual starts in puberty and gets worse untill eye is fully grown. also in very young children.
Question 3
conditions associated with myopia?
Correct!
squint- childhood eyes point in diff. directions.
lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly
glaucoma - IOC pressure.
cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense.
Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel that nourish it
Question 4
What is astigmatism?
Correct!
Failure to converge image at one point on the fovea (likea refraction rather than focusing)
, Question 5
Causes of astigmatism?
Correct!
-Hereditary - corneal or lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
Question 6
What is presbyopia?
Correct!
gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects. It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs
Question 7
Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Correct!
S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
Question 8
what is opthalmia neonatorum?
Correct!
chlamydia or gonorrheae infection from infected birth canal affecting 20-40%
Question 9
What is Episcleritis ?
Correct!
Inflamationof localiased superficial episclera vascular network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to sever
inflam @1-3 month intervals)
-Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated systemic disease)
, Question 10
What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis?
Correct!
type 1 hypersensitivity - seasonal (SAC)
perrenial - chronic (PAC)
Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma
gaint pappilary (GPC)
Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC)
Question 11
What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis
Correct!
inner lining of the eyelid swells and develops small bumps. Known as papillae, these bumps tend to form
after chronic irritation
Question 12
what can cause a corneal abbration?
Correct!
Direct trauma
Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva
Heat by contact
UV radiation (Arc Eye)
Question 13
What can cause corneal ulcer?
Correct!
can be secondary to abrasive trauma, pentrating injuries or prolonged use of contact lenses
Question 14
What are dendritic ulcers?
Correct!
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is the most frequent cause of corneal blindness.
- aggressive treatment -
, Question 15
Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers?
Correct!
Pain
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Tearing
Redness
- with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern,
Question 16
Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy?
Correct!
- infectious epithelial keratitis (with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear)
Question 17
what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis
Correct!
Pain, generally developing over a few hours or days except in cases of trauma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Increased lacrimation
Chronic anterior uveitis presents primarily as blurred vision and mild redness.
pain & photophobia normaly only during acute episode.
Question 18
what are the symptoms of posterior Uveitis?
Correct!
Blurred vision and floaters
Absence of symptoms of anterior uveitis (ie, pain, redness, and photophobia)
All parts of the posterior chamber may be affected, including the retina, choroid and optic nerve. It can
be caused by bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections.
