PAT 202 - WEEK 1 (Coronary Artery Disease,
Myocardial Ischemia & Acute Coronary
Syndrome) Questions and Answers
Save
Terms in this set (177)
- Delivery of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, immune
system components, ad other substances to body
Review: Functions of the tissues
Circulatory System - Removal of waste products of metabolism (gaseous
expired through lungs, others through kidney and
digestive tract)
Review: What Organs are Blood and lymphatic vessels connected to a pump:
used in the Circulatory the heart!
System?
Review: What is found in Pericardial fluid - reduces friction
Pericardial space?
2 atrioventricular (AV)
- R Tricuspid
Review: How many Valves
- L Mitral
are in the Heart?
Semilunar valve
Aortic Semilunar Valve
S1 occurs with closure of the AV valves and thus
signals the beginning of systole - loudest at the apex
Review: Where is S1 sound
--> FIFTH INTERCOSTAL SPACE AT THE
heard the best?
MIDCLAVICULAR LINE!
- Pushing blood into the body
,Review: Where is S2 sound S2 occurs with closure of semilunar valves - signals
best heard? the end of systole and is loudest at the base
3 layers:
How many layers does the 1) Epicardium
heart wall have? 2) Myocardium
3) Endocardium
- Thickest layer
Myocardium - Cardiomyocytes provide contractile force
- Contains coronary arteries and veins
Coronary Circulation: How 2 CORONARY ARTERIES
many Coronary Arteries
are there?
1) Right Coronary Artery (RCA)
2 Coronary Arteries
2) Left Coronary Artery (LCA)
They supply blood to different areas of the heart;
blood comes back to the heart via cardiac veins
What do Coronary
(coronary sinus) to RA
Arteries do?
- Occlusion of either can cause left ventricular
damage
- The ventricles contract --> increasing the pressure
within them
- Aortic valve OPENS --> blood able to flow from left
What happens in ventricle into the aorta
Ventricular Contraction? - Blood is ejected into the systemic circulation
- During this phase, the coronary arteries are not
being filled because the aortic valve's open position
blocks entrance to coronary arteries
- Ventricles relax --> pressure inside DROPS
- Aortic valve CLOSES --> prevents backflow of blood
from the aorta into the left ventricle
What happens in
- Blood flows backward slightly into aorta --> fills the
Ventricular Relaxation?
coronary arteries
- Ensures that oxygenated blood --> myocardium
(heart muscle)
, - Supplies right atrium and right ventricle and portion
Right Coronary Artery of posterior wall of left ventricle
(RCA) - SA and AV nodes and bundle of His receive blood
from right coronary artery
Left Coronary Artery - Supplies left atrium and left ventricle
(LCA) - Right and left bundle branches
- Assists in supplying blood and oxygen to
myocardium that has become ischemic following
Collateral Circulation stenosis of one or more coronary arteries d/t CAD
- Formation of collateral arteries can restore
circulation following arterial occlusion (CAD)
How are new Collateral Through 2 processes
Vessels formed?
What are the 2 processes 1) Arteriogenesis
that form new Collateral 2) Angiogenesis
Vessels?
New artery growth branching from preexisting
Arteriogenesis
arteries
Angiogenesis Growth of new capillaries within a tissue
CAD can take decades to develop - collateral
circulation develops at same time as atherosclerotic
How does Collateral
changes are taking place so takes time to develop
Circulation Develop?
- Because of collateral circulation, CAD does not
produce symptoms until far advanced!
What are the 2 Major 1) Pacemaker cells
Types of Cardiac Cells? 2) Myocytes
What is Automaticity? PACEMAKER CELLS
Which Cardiac Cells have - Starts the current
this?
Which Cardiac Cells have Both pacemaker cells and myocytes
Excitability?
Myocardial Ischemia & Acute Coronary
Syndrome) Questions and Answers
Save
Terms in this set (177)
- Delivery of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, immune
system components, ad other substances to body
Review: Functions of the tissues
Circulatory System - Removal of waste products of metabolism (gaseous
expired through lungs, others through kidney and
digestive tract)
Review: What Organs are Blood and lymphatic vessels connected to a pump:
used in the Circulatory the heart!
System?
Review: What is found in Pericardial fluid - reduces friction
Pericardial space?
2 atrioventricular (AV)
- R Tricuspid
Review: How many Valves
- L Mitral
are in the Heart?
Semilunar valve
Aortic Semilunar Valve
S1 occurs with closure of the AV valves and thus
signals the beginning of systole - loudest at the apex
Review: Where is S1 sound
--> FIFTH INTERCOSTAL SPACE AT THE
heard the best?
MIDCLAVICULAR LINE!
- Pushing blood into the body
,Review: Where is S2 sound S2 occurs with closure of semilunar valves - signals
best heard? the end of systole and is loudest at the base
3 layers:
How many layers does the 1) Epicardium
heart wall have? 2) Myocardium
3) Endocardium
- Thickest layer
Myocardium - Cardiomyocytes provide contractile force
- Contains coronary arteries and veins
Coronary Circulation: How 2 CORONARY ARTERIES
many Coronary Arteries
are there?
1) Right Coronary Artery (RCA)
2 Coronary Arteries
2) Left Coronary Artery (LCA)
They supply blood to different areas of the heart;
blood comes back to the heart via cardiac veins
What do Coronary
(coronary sinus) to RA
Arteries do?
- Occlusion of either can cause left ventricular
damage
- The ventricles contract --> increasing the pressure
within them
- Aortic valve OPENS --> blood able to flow from left
What happens in ventricle into the aorta
Ventricular Contraction? - Blood is ejected into the systemic circulation
- During this phase, the coronary arteries are not
being filled because the aortic valve's open position
blocks entrance to coronary arteries
- Ventricles relax --> pressure inside DROPS
- Aortic valve CLOSES --> prevents backflow of blood
from the aorta into the left ventricle
What happens in
- Blood flows backward slightly into aorta --> fills the
Ventricular Relaxation?
coronary arteries
- Ensures that oxygenated blood --> myocardium
(heart muscle)
, - Supplies right atrium and right ventricle and portion
Right Coronary Artery of posterior wall of left ventricle
(RCA) - SA and AV nodes and bundle of His receive blood
from right coronary artery
Left Coronary Artery - Supplies left atrium and left ventricle
(LCA) - Right and left bundle branches
- Assists in supplying blood and oxygen to
myocardium that has become ischemic following
Collateral Circulation stenosis of one or more coronary arteries d/t CAD
- Formation of collateral arteries can restore
circulation following arterial occlusion (CAD)
How are new Collateral Through 2 processes
Vessels formed?
What are the 2 processes 1) Arteriogenesis
that form new Collateral 2) Angiogenesis
Vessels?
New artery growth branching from preexisting
Arteriogenesis
arteries
Angiogenesis Growth of new capillaries within a tissue
CAD can take decades to develop - collateral
circulation develops at same time as atherosclerotic
How does Collateral
changes are taking place so takes time to develop
Circulation Develop?
- Because of collateral circulation, CAD does not
produce symptoms until far advanced!
What are the 2 Major 1) Pacemaker cells
Types of Cardiac Cells? 2) Myocytes
What is Automaticity? PACEMAKER CELLS
Which Cardiac Cells have - Starts the current
this?
Which Cardiac Cells have Both pacemaker cells and myocytes
Excitability?
