HIST 1302 TEST 3 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
How did Progressivism influence the political, intellectual, and cultural aspects of
society? - ANSWER Politically, it fostered a reform movement that sought cures for the
problems of city, state,and nation. Intellectually, it drew on the expertise of the new
social sciences and reflected a shift from older absolutes such as religion to newer
schools of thoughts that emphasized relativism and the role of the environment in
human development. Culturally, it inspired fresh modes of expression in dance, film,
painting, literature, and architecture. Touching individuals in different ways,
progressivism became a set of attitudes as well as
a definable movement.
What are the six characteristics that defined progressivism? - ANSWER First, the
progressives acted out of concern about the effects of industrialization and the
conditions of industrial life.
In pursuing these objectives, the progressives displayed a second characteristic: a
fundamental optimism about human nature, the possibilities of progress, and the
capacity of people to recognize problems and take action to solve them.
Third, more than many earlier reformers, the progressives were willing to intervene in
people's lives, confident that it was their right to do so.
Fourth, While progressives preferred if possible to use voluntary means to achieve
reform, they tended to turn more and more to the authority of the state and government
at all levels in order to put into effect the reforms they wanted.
As a fifth characteristic, many progressives drew
on a combination of evangelical Protestantism and the natural and social sciences
Finally, progressivism was distinctive because it
,touched virtually the whole nation.
Where did progressivism find its greatest appeal? Where did progressives focus their
attention? - ANSWER Progressivism appealed to the expanding middle class,
prosperous farmers, and skilled laborers; it also attracted significant support in the
business community. The progressives believed in progress and disliked waste. No
single issue or concern united them all. Some progressives wanted to clean up city
governments, others to clean up city streets. Some wanted to purify politics or control
corporate abuses, others to eradicate poverty or prostitution. Some demanded social
justice in the form of women's rights, child labor laws, temperance, and factory safety.
They were Democrats, Republicans, Socialists, and independents.
What was the belief structure of the progressives? - ANSWER Progressives believed in a
better world and in the
ability of people to achieve it. Progress depended on
knowledge. The progressives stressed individual morality and collective action, the
scientific method, and the value of expert opinion.They wanted not only reforms but
efficiency.
What were the old/ new historical perceptions of progressivism? - ANSWER Historians
once viewed progressivism as the triumph of one group in society over another. Now,
historians stress the way progressivism brought people together rather than drove
them apart. Disparate groups united in an effort to improve the wellbeing of many
groups in society.
What were the professions that led to new leadership in society? How did these
professions affect the middle class at the turn of the century? - ANSWER Law, medicine,
religion, business, teaching, and social work-were the source of much of the leadership
of the progressive movement. In businesses, these people were managers, architects,
technicians, and accountants. These professionals formed part of a new middle class
whose members did not derive their stats from birth or inherited wealth, as had many
members of the older middle class. Instead, they moved ahead through education and
personal accomplishment and worked to become doctors, lawyers, ministers and
teachers.
What role did professional societies play on the new middle class? Know the
professions and their professional societies. - ANSWER As a way of asserting their
, status, they formed professional societies to look after their interests and govern entry
into their professions. Now doctors began to insist they were part of a medical
profession, and they wanted to set educational requirements and minimum standards
for practice. In 1901, they reorganized the American Medical Association (AMA) and
made it into a modern national professional society. Other groups and professions
showed the same
pattern. Lawyers formed bar associations, created examining
boards, and lobbied for regulations restricting entry into the profession. Teachers
organized the National Education Association (1905) and pressed for teacher
certification and compulsory education laws. Social workers formed the National
Federation of Settlements (1911); business leaders created the National Association of
Manufacturers (1895) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce (1912); and farmers
joined the National Farm Bureau Federation to spread information about farming and to
try to improve their lot.
What was the social-justice movement and who were its supporters? Where did they
apply pressure for better social conditions? How did this affect the focus of
social-service casework? - ANSWER Ministers, intellectuals, social workers, and
lawyers joined in a social-justice movement that focused national attention on the need
for tenement house laws, more stringent child labor legislation, and
better working conditions for women. They brought pressure on municipal agencies for
more and better parks, playgrounds, day nurseries, schools, and community services.
Blending private and public action, settlement leaders turned increasingly to
government aid. Social-justice reformers were more interested in social cures than
individual charity. Unlike earlier reformers, they saw problems as endless and
interrelated; individuals became part of a city's larger patterns. With that insight,
social-service casework shifted from
a focus on an individual's well-being to a scientific
analysis of neighborhoods, occupations, and classes.
How did alcohol affect workers? Know the three ways reformers and their allies fought
against alcohol abuse. - ANSWER Working in city neighborhoods, social-justice
reformers
were often struck by the degree to which alcohol affected
the lives of the people they were trying to help. Workers drank away their wages; some
men spent more time at the saloon than at home. Drunkenness caused violence and it
angered employers who did not want intoxicated workers on the job. In countless ways,
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
How did Progressivism influence the political, intellectual, and cultural aspects of
society? - ANSWER Politically, it fostered a reform movement that sought cures for the
problems of city, state,and nation. Intellectually, it drew on the expertise of the new
social sciences and reflected a shift from older absolutes such as religion to newer
schools of thoughts that emphasized relativism and the role of the environment in
human development. Culturally, it inspired fresh modes of expression in dance, film,
painting, literature, and architecture. Touching individuals in different ways,
progressivism became a set of attitudes as well as
a definable movement.
What are the six characteristics that defined progressivism? - ANSWER First, the
progressives acted out of concern about the effects of industrialization and the
conditions of industrial life.
In pursuing these objectives, the progressives displayed a second characteristic: a
fundamental optimism about human nature, the possibilities of progress, and the
capacity of people to recognize problems and take action to solve them.
Third, more than many earlier reformers, the progressives were willing to intervene in
people's lives, confident that it was their right to do so.
Fourth, While progressives preferred if possible to use voluntary means to achieve
reform, they tended to turn more and more to the authority of the state and government
at all levels in order to put into effect the reforms they wanted.
As a fifth characteristic, many progressives drew
on a combination of evangelical Protestantism and the natural and social sciences
Finally, progressivism was distinctive because it
,touched virtually the whole nation.
Where did progressivism find its greatest appeal? Where did progressives focus their
attention? - ANSWER Progressivism appealed to the expanding middle class,
prosperous farmers, and skilled laborers; it also attracted significant support in the
business community. The progressives believed in progress and disliked waste. No
single issue or concern united them all. Some progressives wanted to clean up city
governments, others to clean up city streets. Some wanted to purify politics or control
corporate abuses, others to eradicate poverty or prostitution. Some demanded social
justice in the form of women's rights, child labor laws, temperance, and factory safety.
They were Democrats, Republicans, Socialists, and independents.
What was the belief structure of the progressives? - ANSWER Progressives believed in a
better world and in the
ability of people to achieve it. Progress depended on
knowledge. The progressives stressed individual morality and collective action, the
scientific method, and the value of expert opinion.They wanted not only reforms but
efficiency.
What were the old/ new historical perceptions of progressivism? - ANSWER Historians
once viewed progressivism as the triumph of one group in society over another. Now,
historians stress the way progressivism brought people together rather than drove
them apart. Disparate groups united in an effort to improve the wellbeing of many
groups in society.
What were the professions that led to new leadership in society? How did these
professions affect the middle class at the turn of the century? - ANSWER Law, medicine,
religion, business, teaching, and social work-were the source of much of the leadership
of the progressive movement. In businesses, these people were managers, architects,
technicians, and accountants. These professionals formed part of a new middle class
whose members did not derive their stats from birth or inherited wealth, as had many
members of the older middle class. Instead, they moved ahead through education and
personal accomplishment and worked to become doctors, lawyers, ministers and
teachers.
What role did professional societies play on the new middle class? Know the
professions and their professional societies. - ANSWER As a way of asserting their
, status, they formed professional societies to look after their interests and govern entry
into their professions. Now doctors began to insist they were part of a medical
profession, and they wanted to set educational requirements and minimum standards
for practice. In 1901, they reorganized the American Medical Association (AMA) and
made it into a modern national professional society. Other groups and professions
showed the same
pattern. Lawyers formed bar associations, created examining
boards, and lobbied for regulations restricting entry into the profession. Teachers
organized the National Education Association (1905) and pressed for teacher
certification and compulsory education laws. Social workers formed the National
Federation of Settlements (1911); business leaders created the National Association of
Manufacturers (1895) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce (1912); and farmers
joined the National Farm Bureau Federation to spread information about farming and to
try to improve their lot.
What was the social-justice movement and who were its supporters? Where did they
apply pressure for better social conditions? How did this affect the focus of
social-service casework? - ANSWER Ministers, intellectuals, social workers, and
lawyers joined in a social-justice movement that focused national attention on the need
for tenement house laws, more stringent child labor legislation, and
better working conditions for women. They brought pressure on municipal agencies for
more and better parks, playgrounds, day nurseries, schools, and community services.
Blending private and public action, settlement leaders turned increasingly to
government aid. Social-justice reformers were more interested in social cures than
individual charity. Unlike earlier reformers, they saw problems as endless and
interrelated; individuals became part of a city's larger patterns. With that insight,
social-service casework shifted from
a focus on an individual's well-being to a scientific
analysis of neighborhoods, occupations, and classes.
How did alcohol affect workers? Know the three ways reformers and their allies fought
against alcohol abuse. - ANSWER Working in city neighborhoods, social-justice
reformers
were often struck by the degree to which alcohol affected
the lives of the people they were trying to help. Workers drank away their wages; some
men spent more time at the saloon than at home. Drunkenness caused violence and it
angered employers who did not want intoxicated workers on the job. In countless ways,
