NUTR 331 Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which macronutrient provides the highest energy per gram?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Protein
C. Fat
D. Alcohol
Fat provides approximately 9 kcal/g, which is more than carbohydrates
and protein, each providing 4 kcal/g.
2. The main site of nutrient absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is
the:
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
, C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
The small intestine, especially the jejunum and ileum, is highly
specialized for nutrient absorption due to its large surface area from villi
and microvilli.
3. Which vitamin is fat-soluble?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B6
C. Vitamin D
D. Biotin
Vitamin D is fat-soluble, along with vitamins A, E, and K, allowing it to
be stored in adipose tissue and the liver.
4. Glycogen is primarily stored in the:
A. Brain
B. Liver and muscles
C. Kidneys
D. Pancreas
Glycogen is a polysaccharide form of glucose stored mainly in the liver
for blood glucose regulation and in muscle for local energy use.
, 5. Which of the following minerals is most important for oxygen
transport?
A. Calcium
B. Iron
C. Zinc
D. Magnesium
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which binds and transports
oxygen in red blood cells.
6. A deficiency of vitamin C can lead to:
A. Rickets
B. Scurvy
C. Beriberi
D. Pellagra
Scurvy results from impaired collagen synthesis due to vitamin C
deficiency, causing symptoms like bleeding gums and poor wound
healing.
7. Which hormone increases blood glucose levels?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Gastrin
D. Cholecystokinin
, Glucagon stimulates glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the
liver, raising blood glucose.
8. Essential amino acids are:
A. Synthesized by the body
B. Non-protein compounds
C. Cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained
from the diet
D. Stored in large quantities in the liver
Essential amino acids must be ingested through food because the
human body cannot synthesize them.
9. Omega-3 fatty acids are primarily found in:
A. Red meat
B. Dairy products
C. Fatty fish
D. Citrus fruits
Omega-3s, such as EPA and DHA, are abundant in fatty fish and are
important for cardiovascular and brain health.
10. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which macronutrient provides the highest energy per gram?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Protein
C. Fat
D. Alcohol
Fat provides approximately 9 kcal/g, which is more than carbohydrates
and protein, each providing 4 kcal/g.
2. The main site of nutrient absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is
the:
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
, C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
The small intestine, especially the jejunum and ileum, is highly
specialized for nutrient absorption due to its large surface area from villi
and microvilli.
3. Which vitamin is fat-soluble?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B6
C. Vitamin D
D. Biotin
Vitamin D is fat-soluble, along with vitamins A, E, and K, allowing it to
be stored in adipose tissue and the liver.
4. Glycogen is primarily stored in the:
A. Brain
B. Liver and muscles
C. Kidneys
D. Pancreas
Glycogen is a polysaccharide form of glucose stored mainly in the liver
for blood glucose regulation and in muscle for local energy use.
, 5. Which of the following minerals is most important for oxygen
transport?
A. Calcium
B. Iron
C. Zinc
D. Magnesium
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which binds and transports
oxygen in red blood cells.
6. A deficiency of vitamin C can lead to:
A. Rickets
B. Scurvy
C. Beriberi
D. Pellagra
Scurvy results from impaired collagen synthesis due to vitamin C
deficiency, causing symptoms like bleeding gums and poor wound
healing.
7. Which hormone increases blood glucose levels?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Gastrin
D. Cholecystokinin
, Glucagon stimulates glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the
liver, raising blood glucose.
8. Essential amino acids are:
A. Synthesized by the body
B. Non-protein compounds
C. Cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained
from the diet
D. Stored in large quantities in the liver
Essential amino acids must be ingested through food because the
human body cannot synthesize them.
9. Omega-3 fatty acids are primarily found in:
A. Red meat
B. Dairy products
C. Fatty fish
D. Citrus fruits
Omega-3s, such as EPA and DHA, are abundant in fatty fish and are
important for cardiovascular and brain health.
10. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
