NUR 207 Exam 2 || Acknowledged Answers 100%.
What does calcium do for the body? correct answers - bones/teeth formation
- blood pressure
- blood clotting
- nerver transmission
Major sources: dairy, broccoli, kale, fortified grains
Deficiency: tetany, positive Chovestek's and Trousseau's sign, ECG changes, osteoperosis
Findings: constipation, renal stones, lethargy, depressed deep-tendon reflexes
NA: monitor ECG and respiratory status. Give PO tabs with vitamin D
What does Vitamin B1 (thiamin) do for the body? correct answers - coenzyme in energy
metabolism
- promote appetite and assists with muscle actions through its role in nerve functioning
Deficiency: beriberi (ataxia, confusing, anorexia, tachycardia), headache, weight loss, and
fatigue
Major sources: all plants and animal tissues, meat, grains, and legumes (beans, peas, and lentils)
What does Vitamin D do for the body? correct answers - absorption of calcium and phosphorus
- aids in bone mineralization (intestinal & renal absorption of calcium)
- sunlight enables the body to synthesize vitamin D in the skin
- fat soluble
Deficiency: bone demineralization (fragile bones), and extreme deficiency can cause rickets and
osteomalacia. Excess consumption can cause hypERCALEMIA (high calcium)
Poor sources: fatty fish, eggs, and fortifies products (ready to go eat cereals, milk, and orange
juice)
What does iron do for the body? correct answers Responsible for oxygen distribution to
hemoglobin and myoglobin
,- body recycles unused iron from dying RBC and stores it for later use
- in food consists of two forms: heme iron found in meant, fish and poultry and non-heme iron
found in grains, legumes, and vegetables
Supplements: constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and teeth discoloration (liquid form)
- they can be taken with food to avert GI manifestation, and nurses should encourage fresh fruits,
vegetables, and a high fiber diet
- supplements that are un-needed can be toxic
- vitamin C can increase the absorption of iron
- clients during menstruating years, older infants and toddlers, and pregnant clients are at risk for
iron deficiency anemia
What clinical findings (subjective and objective) are associated with malnutrition? correct
answers Subjective: eating patterns, usual weight, changes in appetite, taste, smell, chewing,
swallowing, recent surgery, trauma, burns, infection, chronic illnesses, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, constipation, food allergies or intolerances, medications/nutritional supplements,
patient-centered care, alcohol or illegal drug use, exercise and activity patterns, family history
Objective: skin (dry, flaking, scaly), hair (dull, dry, sparse, color changes, corkscrew hair), eyes
(foamy plaques, dryness, softening, lips (cracked), tongue (beefy red, pale, magenta), gums
(bleeding), nails (brittle, rigid, or spoon shaped), musculoskeletal (pain calves or thighs, rickets,
joint pain, muscle wasting), neurologic (peripheral, neuropathy, hyporeflexia, disorientation or
irritability)
What nutritional requirements are needed to promote wound healing? correct answers Calories,
protein, fluids, vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc
How do you calculate BMI? correct answers BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)^2
BMI = (weight (lbs) / height (in)^2 x 702
1 lb = 2.2 kg
,How do you calculate waist:hip ratio? correct answers Assess body fat distributing as an
indicator of health risk
WC > 40 in men WC > 35 in women = increase risk for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and
metabolic syndrome
Waist to hip ratio - measurement of waist circumference divided by measurement of hip
circumference
What is obese for a man and for a women? correct answers Men : greater than 1.0 Women:
greater than 0.8 = obesity
What is a normal/healthy BMI? correct answers Between 18.5 - 24.9
Underweight BMI? correct answers Less than 18.5
Overweight BMI? correct answers Between 25 - 29.9
Obese BMI? correct answers Greater than 30
Eating on holy days correct answers Religion observed feast on specific days (eastern orthodox
Christian, Judaism)
Fasting for religious holidays correct answers Islam: fasting during Ramadan
Roman Catholic: refraining from meat consumption on
Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent
- avoid food or beverage intake for 1 hour before communion
Seventh-Day Aventism: 5-6 hours interval between meals
, Judaism: 24 hour fasting during Yom Kippur
Restricting Specific Substances correct answers Alcohol
- Islam, Hindu, Moron, Seventh-Day Adventism
Pork
- Seventh-Day Adventism, Orthodox Judaism, Islam, Hindu, Buddhism
Coffee or tea
- Seventh-Day Adventism, Mormonism
Consuming animal products correct answers Vegetarian diet: Seventh-Day Adventism,
Hinduism, Buddhism
Orthodox Judaism and Islam call for consumption of Kosher animals
Preparing foods correct answers Orthodox Judaism prohibits food preparation on the Sabbath
What is a food diary? When would it be used? How is it best recorded? correct answers Food
diary - record all food eaten for a specified length of time in real time (3 days to 1 week)
- Provides detailed information
- Nonconvenient - requires to follow up visit
- May not accurately reflect actual intake over time
- Analysis of data obtained is time-consuming
What is the direct observation method of nutritional assessment? correct answers Anthropometric
- procedures used to measure the size and proportion of the human body -- Height and weight
What does calcium do for the body? correct answers - bones/teeth formation
- blood pressure
- blood clotting
- nerver transmission
Major sources: dairy, broccoli, kale, fortified grains
Deficiency: tetany, positive Chovestek's and Trousseau's sign, ECG changes, osteoperosis
Findings: constipation, renal stones, lethargy, depressed deep-tendon reflexes
NA: monitor ECG and respiratory status. Give PO tabs with vitamin D
What does Vitamin B1 (thiamin) do for the body? correct answers - coenzyme in energy
metabolism
- promote appetite and assists with muscle actions through its role in nerve functioning
Deficiency: beriberi (ataxia, confusing, anorexia, tachycardia), headache, weight loss, and
fatigue
Major sources: all plants and animal tissues, meat, grains, and legumes (beans, peas, and lentils)
What does Vitamin D do for the body? correct answers - absorption of calcium and phosphorus
- aids in bone mineralization (intestinal & renal absorption of calcium)
- sunlight enables the body to synthesize vitamin D in the skin
- fat soluble
Deficiency: bone demineralization (fragile bones), and extreme deficiency can cause rickets and
osteomalacia. Excess consumption can cause hypERCALEMIA (high calcium)
Poor sources: fatty fish, eggs, and fortifies products (ready to go eat cereals, milk, and orange
juice)
What does iron do for the body? correct answers Responsible for oxygen distribution to
hemoglobin and myoglobin
,- body recycles unused iron from dying RBC and stores it for later use
- in food consists of two forms: heme iron found in meant, fish and poultry and non-heme iron
found in grains, legumes, and vegetables
Supplements: constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and teeth discoloration (liquid form)
- they can be taken with food to avert GI manifestation, and nurses should encourage fresh fruits,
vegetables, and a high fiber diet
- supplements that are un-needed can be toxic
- vitamin C can increase the absorption of iron
- clients during menstruating years, older infants and toddlers, and pregnant clients are at risk for
iron deficiency anemia
What clinical findings (subjective and objective) are associated with malnutrition? correct
answers Subjective: eating patterns, usual weight, changes in appetite, taste, smell, chewing,
swallowing, recent surgery, trauma, burns, infection, chronic illnesses, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, constipation, food allergies or intolerances, medications/nutritional supplements,
patient-centered care, alcohol or illegal drug use, exercise and activity patterns, family history
Objective: skin (dry, flaking, scaly), hair (dull, dry, sparse, color changes, corkscrew hair), eyes
(foamy plaques, dryness, softening, lips (cracked), tongue (beefy red, pale, magenta), gums
(bleeding), nails (brittle, rigid, or spoon shaped), musculoskeletal (pain calves or thighs, rickets,
joint pain, muscle wasting), neurologic (peripheral, neuropathy, hyporeflexia, disorientation or
irritability)
What nutritional requirements are needed to promote wound healing? correct answers Calories,
protein, fluids, vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc
How do you calculate BMI? correct answers BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)^2
BMI = (weight (lbs) / height (in)^2 x 702
1 lb = 2.2 kg
,How do you calculate waist:hip ratio? correct answers Assess body fat distributing as an
indicator of health risk
WC > 40 in men WC > 35 in women = increase risk for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and
metabolic syndrome
Waist to hip ratio - measurement of waist circumference divided by measurement of hip
circumference
What is obese for a man and for a women? correct answers Men : greater than 1.0 Women:
greater than 0.8 = obesity
What is a normal/healthy BMI? correct answers Between 18.5 - 24.9
Underweight BMI? correct answers Less than 18.5
Overweight BMI? correct answers Between 25 - 29.9
Obese BMI? correct answers Greater than 30
Eating on holy days correct answers Religion observed feast on specific days (eastern orthodox
Christian, Judaism)
Fasting for religious holidays correct answers Islam: fasting during Ramadan
Roman Catholic: refraining from meat consumption on
Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent
- avoid food or beverage intake for 1 hour before communion
Seventh-Day Aventism: 5-6 hours interval between meals
, Judaism: 24 hour fasting during Yom Kippur
Restricting Specific Substances correct answers Alcohol
- Islam, Hindu, Moron, Seventh-Day Adventism
Pork
- Seventh-Day Adventism, Orthodox Judaism, Islam, Hindu, Buddhism
Coffee or tea
- Seventh-Day Adventism, Mormonism
Consuming animal products correct answers Vegetarian diet: Seventh-Day Adventism,
Hinduism, Buddhism
Orthodox Judaism and Islam call for consumption of Kosher animals
Preparing foods correct answers Orthodox Judaism prohibits food preparation on the Sabbath
What is a food diary? When would it be used? How is it best recorded? correct answers Food
diary - record all food eaten for a specified length of time in real time (3 days to 1 week)
- Provides detailed information
- Nonconvenient - requires to follow up visit
- May not accurately reflect actual intake over time
- Analysis of data obtained is time-consuming
What is the direct observation method of nutritional assessment? correct answers Anthropometric
- procedures used to measure the size and proportion of the human body -- Height and weight
