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__________ should be prepared carefully and thoroughly because they are often
used as part of the price used to determine who will be awarded the contract. in
addition, if selected by the owner they become part of the contract documents
a. specifications
b. addendums
c. supplements
d. alternates
- answer-alternates
____________ overhead is the administrative costs directly associated with the
execution of a specific project
a. management
b. job
c. general
d. home office
- answer-job
_______________ estimates are prepared by multiplying the square footage of a
building by a cost per square foot and the adjusting the price to compensate for
differences in the building heights, length of the building perimeter, and the other
building components. these estimates require less information to prepare and are
less accurate
a. space
b. detailed
c. running
d. square-foot
- answer-square-foot
_______________ involves the contractor working with the owner (or through the
owner's architect - engineer) to arrive at a mutually acceptable price for the
, construction of the project. it often involves negotiations back and forth on
materials used, sizes, finishes, and other items which affect the price of the project
a. cooperative bidding
b. competitive bidding
c. financial biding
d. negotiated bidding
- answer-negotiated bidding
____________________ are amounts of money put into a bid to cover any items
that might have been left out, overlooked, or to cover unforeseen circumstances.
The primary disadvantage to such a practice is that it tends to encourage less
accuracy in the bidding process
a. hidden cash
b. foul weather funds
c. contingencies
d. emergency funds
- answer-contingencies
a ________________ comprises all of the work required for the completion of a
project and is the responsibility of a single prime contractor
a. separate contract
b. single contact
c. lump-sum agreement
d. general contract
- answer-single contract
a commercial project requires the installation of 1,856 sq ft of acoustical ceiling.
using a productivity rate of 0.013 labor hours per square foot and a productivity
factor of 0.95, determine the number of labor hours required to install the ceiling
- answer-labor hours = 1856 sq ft x 0.013 hr/sq ft = 24.128
adjusted labor hours = 24.128 x 0.95 = 22.9
a commercial project requires the installation of 127 square yards of carpet. using a
productivity rate of 0.108 labor hours per square yard and a productivity factor of
1.05, determine the number of labor hours required to install the carpet
- answer-labor hours = 127 sq yds x 0.108 hr/sq yd = 13.716
adjusted labor hours = 13.716 x 1.05 = 14.4
a contingency schedule can be used by the estimator to estimate how long it will
take to complete the project. this information is particularly useful when estimating