UIC BIOS 110 Final exam study guide || All Solutions are Accurate.
1. Which of the following particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? correct answers protons
and neutrons
A person shakes up vinegar and oil dressing before pouring it on a salad. What is the chemical
reason for doing this? correct answers Vinegar contains polar water molecules, while oil is
nonpolar and repels water
3. If apple juice has a pH of 3 and lemon juice has a pH of 1, which of the following statements
about them is true? correct answers C. The lemon juice has 100 times as many H+ ions as the
apple juice.
4. Which of the following statements best describes a compound? correct answers B. A
compound contains two or more different elements in a fixed ratio.
5. In a water molecule, hydrogen and oxygen are held together by a ________ bond. correct
answers polar covalent
6. Which of the following gives the order of bond strength, from weakest to strongest? correct
answers B. hydrogen bond, covalent bond, ionic bond
7. In plants, the process of photosynthesis produces glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen from carbon
dioxide and water. Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is true? correct
answers All of the carbon atoms from the carbon dioxide atoms end up in glucose.
8. Why is stearic acid considered a saturated lipid? correct answers It has the maximum number
of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom
9. A molecule with the formula C55H110O55 is probably a/an correct answers Polysaccharide
,10. The amino acid isoleucine is a: correct answers B. non-polar amino acid
11. The fluid mosaic model describes cell membranes as consisting of correct answers B. two
layers of phospholipids with protein sandwiched between them.
When in solution, glucose moves exceedingly slowly across an artificial lipid bilayer but is
found to move quite rapidly across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells, and this
movement occurs in the direction of decreasing concentration for this molecule. Using this
information, which transport mechanism is most likely responsible for the movement of glucose
across this plasma membrane? correct answers D. facilitated diffusion
Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false? correct
answers E. Membrane proteins communicate genetic information to the cytoplasm.
14. Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
correct answers B. Whether or not the cell is partitioned by internal membranes.
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have _______ and ______. However, all plant and animal cells
have ______. correct answers B. chloroplasts ... cell walls ... centrioles
16. Which of the following is a result of glycolysis? correct answers E. choices B and C (B.
conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds C. a net loss of two ATPs per glucose
molecule)
17. Methanol (CH3OH) is a poison, not because of what it does to the body itself, but because
the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase oxidizes it to formaldehyde, CH2O, which is a potent poison.
A treatment of methanol poisoning is to give the patient ethanol, CH3CH2OH, which is
structurally similar to methanol and causes the alcohol dehydrogenase to stop oxidizing
methanol. What does this suggest? correct answers A. Ethanol must be a competitive inhibitor
with methanol.
, 18. White blood cells (WBCs) are less susceptible to take on water and lyse (burst) through
osmosis than red blood cells (RBCs). When looking at a sample of blood for WBCs, what could
you do to reduce interference from RBCs? correct answers D. Mix the blood in a hypotonic
solution, which will cause the RBCs to burst.
Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true? correct answers D. Enzymes
catalyze specific reactions by lowering the activation energy.
20. A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks phosphoglucoisomerase, an enzyme that
catalyzes the second reaction in glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to kill bacteria in people
with infections. Why is this a bad idea? correct answers C. Human cells also perform glycolysis,
so the drug would poison them as well.
21. Which of the following metabolic pathways occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic
metabolism? correct answers Glycolysis
22. According to a recent news report, some archaebacteria live at very high temperatures in
entirely anaerobic environments and "breathe" iron rather than oxygen. This iron might allow
them to complete cellular respiration if: correct answers B. It can be reduced in place of oxygen.
23. A mutant eukaryotic organism is found in which some mitochondria lack an inner
mitochondrial membrane. Which of the following pathways is certain to be completely disrupted
in these mitochondria? correct answers oxidative phosphorylation
24. Most of the high-energy electrons released from glucose by cell respiration _______ correct
answers B. reduce NAD+ to NADH, which then delivers them to the electron transport chain
25. During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level
phosphorylation take place? correct answers A. glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
1. Which of the following particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? correct answers protons
and neutrons
A person shakes up vinegar and oil dressing before pouring it on a salad. What is the chemical
reason for doing this? correct answers Vinegar contains polar water molecules, while oil is
nonpolar and repels water
3. If apple juice has a pH of 3 and lemon juice has a pH of 1, which of the following statements
about them is true? correct answers C. The lemon juice has 100 times as many H+ ions as the
apple juice.
4. Which of the following statements best describes a compound? correct answers B. A
compound contains two or more different elements in a fixed ratio.
5. In a water molecule, hydrogen and oxygen are held together by a ________ bond. correct
answers polar covalent
6. Which of the following gives the order of bond strength, from weakest to strongest? correct
answers B. hydrogen bond, covalent bond, ionic bond
7. In plants, the process of photosynthesis produces glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen from carbon
dioxide and water. Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is true? correct
answers All of the carbon atoms from the carbon dioxide atoms end up in glucose.
8. Why is stearic acid considered a saturated lipid? correct answers It has the maximum number
of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom
9. A molecule with the formula C55H110O55 is probably a/an correct answers Polysaccharide
,10. The amino acid isoleucine is a: correct answers B. non-polar amino acid
11. The fluid mosaic model describes cell membranes as consisting of correct answers B. two
layers of phospholipids with protein sandwiched between them.
When in solution, glucose moves exceedingly slowly across an artificial lipid bilayer but is
found to move quite rapidly across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells, and this
movement occurs in the direction of decreasing concentration for this molecule. Using this
information, which transport mechanism is most likely responsible for the movement of glucose
across this plasma membrane? correct answers D. facilitated diffusion
Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false? correct
answers E. Membrane proteins communicate genetic information to the cytoplasm.
14. Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
correct answers B. Whether or not the cell is partitioned by internal membranes.
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have _______ and ______. However, all plant and animal cells
have ______. correct answers B. chloroplasts ... cell walls ... centrioles
16. Which of the following is a result of glycolysis? correct answers E. choices B and C (B.
conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds C. a net loss of two ATPs per glucose
molecule)
17. Methanol (CH3OH) is a poison, not because of what it does to the body itself, but because
the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase oxidizes it to formaldehyde, CH2O, which is a potent poison.
A treatment of methanol poisoning is to give the patient ethanol, CH3CH2OH, which is
structurally similar to methanol and causes the alcohol dehydrogenase to stop oxidizing
methanol. What does this suggest? correct answers A. Ethanol must be a competitive inhibitor
with methanol.
, 18. White blood cells (WBCs) are less susceptible to take on water and lyse (burst) through
osmosis than red blood cells (RBCs). When looking at a sample of blood for WBCs, what could
you do to reduce interference from RBCs? correct answers D. Mix the blood in a hypotonic
solution, which will cause the RBCs to burst.
Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true? correct answers D. Enzymes
catalyze specific reactions by lowering the activation energy.
20. A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks phosphoglucoisomerase, an enzyme that
catalyzes the second reaction in glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to kill bacteria in people
with infections. Why is this a bad idea? correct answers C. Human cells also perform glycolysis,
so the drug would poison them as well.
21. Which of the following metabolic pathways occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic
metabolism? correct answers Glycolysis
22. According to a recent news report, some archaebacteria live at very high temperatures in
entirely anaerobic environments and "breathe" iron rather than oxygen. This iron might allow
them to complete cellular respiration if: correct answers B. It can be reduced in place of oxygen.
23. A mutant eukaryotic organism is found in which some mitochondria lack an inner
mitochondrial membrane. Which of the following pathways is certain to be completely disrupted
in these mitochondria? correct answers oxidative phosphorylation
24. Most of the high-energy electrons released from glucose by cell respiration _______ correct
answers B. reduce NAD+ to NADH, which then delivers them to the electron transport chain
25. During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level
phosphorylation take place? correct answers A. glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
