BIOS251 Anatomy and Physiology I Final Exam Questions and Answers
and Explanations | Latest Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
A. Blood glucose regulation
B. Body temperature regulation
C. Childbirth and labor contractions
D. Blood pressure regulation
Answer: C
Explanation: Positive feedback enhances the original stimulus, such as the release of
oxytocin during labor to increase contractions, whereas most body systems use negative
feedback to maintain stability.
2. The anatomical term ‘proximal’ refers to a position that is:
A. Toward the head
B. Toward the back of the body
C. Closer to the point of attachment to the trunk
D. Farther from the surface of the body
Answer: C
Explanation: Proximal means closer to the origin of the body part or the point of
attachment of a limb to the body trunk.
,3. Which plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
A. Midsagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Transverse plane
D. Oblique plane
Answer: A
Explanation: The midsagittal plane passes through the midline, dividing the body into
equal right and left halves.
4. The heart is located in which body cavity?
A. Pericardial cavity
B. Pleural cavity
C. Abdominal cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
Answer: A
Explanation: The pericardial cavity specifically houses the heart within the thoracic cavity.
5. Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons
between atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
,C. Van der Waals force
D. Covalent bond
Answer: D
Explanation: Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
to achieve stability.
6. A substance with a pH of 3 is considered:
A. Neutral
B. Weakly acidic
C. Strongly acidic
D. Strongly basic
Answer: C
Explanation: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14; values below 7 are acidic, and the lower
the number, the stronger the acid.
7. What is the primary function of enzymes in biological reactions?
A. Provide structural support
B. Act as a source of energy
C. Lower the activation energy
D. Store genetic information
Answer: C
, Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering the
energy required for the reaction to occur.
8. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ATP via aerobic respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondrion
Answer: D
Explanation: Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell where ATP is produced
through cellular respiration.
9. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:
A. Triglycerides
B. Phospholipid bilayer
C. Amino acid chains
D. Nucleotide sequences
Answer: B
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and
cholesterol.
and Explanations | Latest Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
A. Blood glucose regulation
B. Body temperature regulation
C. Childbirth and labor contractions
D. Blood pressure regulation
Answer: C
Explanation: Positive feedback enhances the original stimulus, such as the release of
oxytocin during labor to increase contractions, whereas most body systems use negative
feedback to maintain stability.
2. The anatomical term ‘proximal’ refers to a position that is:
A. Toward the head
B. Toward the back of the body
C. Closer to the point of attachment to the trunk
D. Farther from the surface of the body
Answer: C
Explanation: Proximal means closer to the origin of the body part or the point of
attachment of a limb to the body trunk.
,3. Which plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
A. Midsagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Transverse plane
D. Oblique plane
Answer: A
Explanation: The midsagittal plane passes through the midline, dividing the body into
equal right and left halves.
4. The heart is located in which body cavity?
A. Pericardial cavity
B. Pleural cavity
C. Abdominal cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
Answer: A
Explanation: The pericardial cavity specifically houses the heart within the thoracic cavity.
5. Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons
between atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
,C. Van der Waals force
D. Covalent bond
Answer: D
Explanation: Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
to achieve stability.
6. A substance with a pH of 3 is considered:
A. Neutral
B. Weakly acidic
C. Strongly acidic
D. Strongly basic
Answer: C
Explanation: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14; values below 7 are acidic, and the lower
the number, the stronger the acid.
7. What is the primary function of enzymes in biological reactions?
A. Provide structural support
B. Act as a source of energy
C. Lower the activation energy
D. Store genetic information
Answer: C
, Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering the
energy required for the reaction to occur.
8. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ATP via aerobic respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondrion
Answer: D
Explanation: Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell where ATP is produced
through cellular respiration.
9. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:
A. Triglycerides
B. Phospholipid bilayer
C. Amino acid chains
D. Nucleotide sequences
Answer: B
Explanation: The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and
cholesterol.
