Patho Exam 3
k k
(Chapters 10, 12, k k
13 TEST BANK)
k k
Questions and An k k
swers Graded A+
k k
,Whatkhappenskinktheklungskwhenkthekdiaphragmkandkexternalkintercostalkmuscleskrelax?
a. Airkiskforcedkoutkofktheklungs.
b. Lungkvolumekincreases.
c. Intrapulmonickpressurekdecreases.
d. Intrapleuralkpressurekdecreases.k-kANSWERka
Thekrespiratorykmucosakiskcontinuouskthroughkthe:
1. upperkandklowerkrespiratoryktracts.
2. nasalkcavitieskandktheksinuses.
3. nasopharynxkandkoropharynx.
4. middlekearkcavitykandkauditoryktube.
a. 1konly
b. 1,k2
c. 2,k3
d. 1,k3,k4
e. 1,k2,k3,k4k-kANSWERke
WhichkofkthekfollowingkactivitieskdoeskNOTkrequirekmusclekcontractionskandkenergy?
a. Quietkinspiration
b. Forcedkinspiration
c. Quietkexpiration
d. Forcedkexpirationk-kANSWERkc
Thekmaximumkvolumekofkairkakpersonkcankexhalekafterkakmaximumkinspirationkiskterm
edkthe:
a. expiratorykreservekvolume.
b. inspiratorykreservekvolume.
c. totalklungkcapacity.
d. vitalkcapacity.k-kANSWERkd
Whichkofkthekfollowingkappliesktokthekbloodkinkthekpulmonarykartery?
a. PCO2kisklow.
b. PO2kisklow.
c. Hydrostatickpressurekiskverykhigh.
d. Itkiskflowingkintokthekleftkatrium.k-kANSWERkb
Whichkofkthekfollowingkcauseskbronchodilation?
a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine
,c. Parasympatheticknervousksystem
d. Drugskthatkblockk2-adrenergickreceptorsk-kANSWERka
Thekcentralkchemoreceptorskinkthekmedullakareknormallykmostksensitivekto:
a. lowkoxygenklevel.
b. lowkconcentrationkofkhydrogenkions.
c. elevatedkoxygenklevel.
d. elevatedkcarbonkdioxideklevel.k-kANSWERkd
Oxygenkdiffuseskfromkthekalveoliktokthekbloodkbecause:
a. PO2kiskhigherkinkthekblood.
b. PO2kisklowerkinkthekblood.
c. CO2kiskdiffusingkoutkofkthekblood.
d. morekCO2kiskdiffusingkoutkofkcellskintokthekblood.k-kANSWERkb
Carbonkdioxidekiskprimarilyktransportedkinkthekblood:
a. askdissolvedkgas.
b. attachedktokthekironkmoleculekinkhemoglobin.
c. askbicarbonatekion.
d. askcarbonickacid.k-kANSWERkc
Whatkwouldkhypercapniakcause?
a. IncreasedkserumkpH
b. Decreasedkrespirations
c. Respiratorykacidosis
d. Decreasedkcarbonickacidkinkthekbloodk-kANSWERkc
Whichkofkthekfollowingkwouldkresultkfromkhyperventilation?
a. Respiratorykacidosis
b. Respiratorykalkalosis
c. Metabolickalkalosis
d. Metabolickacidosisk-kANSWERkb
Whichkofkthekfollowingkvalueskiskalwayskdecreasedkwithkrespiratorykalkalosisk(compens
atedkorkdecompensated)?
a. Serumkbicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. SerumkpH
d. UrinekpHk-
kANSWERkbk(Decompensationkoccurskwhenkcompensatorykmechanismskcannotkmai
ntainkaknormalkpHkrange.)
, Whatkwouldkbekthekmostkeffectivekcompensationkforkrespiratorykacidosis?
a. Thekkidneyskeliminatingkmorekbicarbonatekions
b. Thekkidneyskproducingkmorekbicarbonatekions
c. Thekkidneyskreabsorbingkmorekhydrogenkions
d. Ankincreasekinkrespiratorykratek-kANSWERkb
Whatkiskthekacid-
basekstatuskofkakpatientkwithkthekfollowingkvalueskforkarterialkbloodkgases?
Serumkbicarbonatek36.5kmmol/Lk(normalkrange:k22-
28)kPCO2k75kmmkHgk(normalkrange:k35-45)
SerumkpHk7.0
a. Compensatedkmetabolickacidosis
b. Decompensatedkmetabolickacidosis
c. Compensatedkrespiratorykacidosis
d. Decompensatedkrespiratorykacidosisk-kANSWERkd
(Decompensationkoccurskwhenkcompensatorykmechanismskcannotkmaintainkaknormalk
pHkrange.)
(CompensatorykMechanisms:kWhenkakpathologickconditionkexists,kthekpHkbalancekmov
eskoutsidekofktheknormalkrangekandktheklungskorkkidneyskcompensate.
Compensationkiskakshort-
termksolution.kThekgoalkisktokresolvekthekunderlyingkcausekofkthekimbalance.)
Whatkdoeskcarbaminohemoglobinkreferkto?
a. Replacementkofkoxygenkbykcarbonkmonoxidekonkhemoglobinkmolecules
b. Fullksaturationkofkallkhemekmoleculeskbykoxygen
c. Carbonkdioxidekattachedktokankaminokgroupkonkthekhemoglobinkmolecule
d. Oxygenkcombinedkwithkironkinkthekhemoglobinkmoleculek-kANSWERkc
Approximatelykwhatkpercentagekofkboundkoxygenkiskreleasedktokthekcellskforkmetabolismkduri
ngkankerythrocyte'skjourneykthroughkthekcirculatoryksystem?
a. 80%
b. 25%
c. 10%
d. 50%k-kANSWERkb
Thekproductionkofkyellowish-green,kcloudy,kthickksputumkiskoftenkankindicationkof:
a. bacterialkinfection.
k k
(Chapters 10, 12, k k
13 TEST BANK)
k k
Questions and An k k
swers Graded A+
k k
,Whatkhappenskinktheklungskwhenkthekdiaphragmkandkexternalkintercostalkmuscleskrelax?
a. Airkiskforcedkoutkofktheklungs.
b. Lungkvolumekincreases.
c. Intrapulmonickpressurekdecreases.
d. Intrapleuralkpressurekdecreases.k-kANSWERka
Thekrespiratorykmucosakiskcontinuouskthroughkthe:
1. upperkandklowerkrespiratoryktracts.
2. nasalkcavitieskandktheksinuses.
3. nasopharynxkandkoropharynx.
4. middlekearkcavitykandkauditoryktube.
a. 1konly
b. 1,k2
c. 2,k3
d. 1,k3,k4
e. 1,k2,k3,k4k-kANSWERke
WhichkofkthekfollowingkactivitieskdoeskNOTkrequirekmusclekcontractionskandkenergy?
a. Quietkinspiration
b. Forcedkinspiration
c. Quietkexpiration
d. Forcedkexpirationk-kANSWERkc
Thekmaximumkvolumekofkairkakpersonkcankexhalekafterkakmaximumkinspirationkiskterm
edkthe:
a. expiratorykreservekvolume.
b. inspiratorykreservekvolume.
c. totalklungkcapacity.
d. vitalkcapacity.k-kANSWERkd
Whichkofkthekfollowingkappliesktokthekbloodkinkthekpulmonarykartery?
a. PCO2kisklow.
b. PO2kisklow.
c. Hydrostatickpressurekiskverykhigh.
d. Itkiskflowingkintokthekleftkatrium.k-kANSWERkb
Whichkofkthekfollowingkcauseskbronchodilation?
a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine
,c. Parasympatheticknervousksystem
d. Drugskthatkblockk2-adrenergickreceptorsk-kANSWERka
Thekcentralkchemoreceptorskinkthekmedullakareknormallykmostksensitivekto:
a. lowkoxygenklevel.
b. lowkconcentrationkofkhydrogenkions.
c. elevatedkoxygenklevel.
d. elevatedkcarbonkdioxideklevel.k-kANSWERkd
Oxygenkdiffuseskfromkthekalveoliktokthekbloodkbecause:
a. PO2kiskhigherkinkthekblood.
b. PO2kisklowerkinkthekblood.
c. CO2kiskdiffusingkoutkofkthekblood.
d. morekCO2kiskdiffusingkoutkofkcellskintokthekblood.k-kANSWERkb
Carbonkdioxidekiskprimarilyktransportedkinkthekblood:
a. askdissolvedkgas.
b. attachedktokthekironkmoleculekinkhemoglobin.
c. askbicarbonatekion.
d. askcarbonickacid.k-kANSWERkc
Whatkwouldkhypercapniakcause?
a. IncreasedkserumkpH
b. Decreasedkrespirations
c. Respiratorykacidosis
d. Decreasedkcarbonickacidkinkthekbloodk-kANSWERkc
Whichkofkthekfollowingkwouldkresultkfromkhyperventilation?
a. Respiratorykacidosis
b. Respiratorykalkalosis
c. Metabolickalkalosis
d. Metabolickacidosisk-kANSWERkb
Whichkofkthekfollowingkvalueskiskalwayskdecreasedkwithkrespiratorykalkalosisk(compens
atedkorkdecompensated)?
a. Serumkbicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. SerumkpH
d. UrinekpHk-
kANSWERkbk(Decompensationkoccurskwhenkcompensatorykmechanismskcannotkmai
ntainkaknormalkpHkrange.)
, Whatkwouldkbekthekmostkeffectivekcompensationkforkrespiratorykacidosis?
a. Thekkidneyskeliminatingkmorekbicarbonatekions
b. Thekkidneyskproducingkmorekbicarbonatekions
c. Thekkidneyskreabsorbingkmorekhydrogenkions
d. Ankincreasekinkrespiratorykratek-kANSWERkb
Whatkiskthekacid-
basekstatuskofkakpatientkwithkthekfollowingkvalueskforkarterialkbloodkgases?
Serumkbicarbonatek36.5kmmol/Lk(normalkrange:k22-
28)kPCO2k75kmmkHgk(normalkrange:k35-45)
SerumkpHk7.0
a. Compensatedkmetabolickacidosis
b. Decompensatedkmetabolickacidosis
c. Compensatedkrespiratorykacidosis
d. Decompensatedkrespiratorykacidosisk-kANSWERkd
(Decompensationkoccurskwhenkcompensatorykmechanismskcannotkmaintainkaknormalk
pHkrange.)
(CompensatorykMechanisms:kWhenkakpathologickconditionkexists,kthekpHkbalancekmov
eskoutsidekofktheknormalkrangekandktheklungskorkkidneyskcompensate.
Compensationkiskakshort-
termksolution.kThekgoalkisktokresolvekthekunderlyingkcausekofkthekimbalance.)
Whatkdoeskcarbaminohemoglobinkreferkto?
a. Replacementkofkoxygenkbykcarbonkmonoxidekonkhemoglobinkmolecules
b. Fullksaturationkofkallkhemekmoleculeskbykoxygen
c. Carbonkdioxidekattachedktokankaminokgroupkonkthekhemoglobinkmolecule
d. Oxygenkcombinedkwithkironkinkthekhemoglobinkmoleculek-kANSWERkc
Approximatelykwhatkpercentagekofkboundkoxygenkiskreleasedktokthekcellskforkmetabolismkduri
ngkankerythrocyte'skjourneykthroughkthekcirculatoryksystem?
a. 80%
b. 25%
c. 10%
d. 50%k-kANSWERkb
Thekproductionkofkyellowish-green,kcloudy,kthickksputumkiskoftenkankindicationkof:
a. bacterialkinfection.
