EMT-B AAOS Final Actual Exam Newest With Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers| Brand New Version!!!
Question 1 You suspect that a 6-year-old girl has broken her leg after falling from a swing at a
playground. Shortly after you arrive, the child's mother appears and refuses to allow you to
continue treatment. You should:
A) Use your authority under the implied consent law.
B) Ask the mother to sign a refusal form and then leave.
C) Tell the mother that her refusal is a form of child abuse.
D) Try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed.
E) Call for police to arrest the mother for interference.
Correct Answer: D) try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed.
Rationale: When a parent or legal guardian refuses care for a minor, especially in a
potentially serious injury, the EMT's first priority is to educate the parent on the risks of
refusal and the benefits of treatment. Implied consent only applies when a parent is not
present. If persuasion fails, the EMT should involve online medical direction or law
enforcement depending on local protocols, but the initial step is always professional
persuasion.
Question 2 A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe
respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. Auscultation reveals widespread rales. He
is alert, follows commands, and speaks in two-to three-word sentences. You should:
A) Place him in a position of comfort and deliver oxygen via nasal cannula.
B) Force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask device at 20
breaths/min.
C) Place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device.
D) Apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device and monitor his blood pressure.
E) Administer albuterol via a small-volume nebulizer.
Correct Answer: D) apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his
blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration.
Rationale: CPAP is highly effective for patients in pulmonary edema (indicated by rales and
CHF history) who are conscious and able to follow commands. It provides positive pressure
that helps push fluid out of the alveoli and back into the pulmonary capillaries. Monitoring
blood pressure is critical because CPAP can decrease preload and cause hypotension.
Question 3 A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His mother states he put a
small toy in his mouth. The child is conscious, frightened, and coughing forcefully. You should:
A) Encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
B) Deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess.
C) Place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts.
D) Carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it.
E) Perform the Heimlich maneuver immediately.
, 2
Correct Answer: A) encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
Rationale: If a patient (adult or child) is coughing forcefully, they have a partial airway
obstruction and are still capable of moving air. Invasive maneuvers like back blows or
thrusts could turn a partial obstruction into a complete one. The EMT should monitor the
patient closely and encourage them to cough the object out naturally.
Question 4 A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing scant vaginal
bleeding. During transport, she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In
addition to 100% oxygen, you should:
A) Place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
B) Position her supine and elevate her legs 12 inches.
C) Carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina.
D) Assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
E) Place her in the Trendelenburg position.
Correct Answer: A) place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
Rationale: In the third trimester, a pregnant woman in the supine position may experience
supine hypotensive syndrome, where the weight of the uterus compresses the inferior vena
cava, reducing blood return to the heart. Placing the patient on her left side relieves this
pressure and improves cardiac output.
Question 5 A 19-year-old female is found unconscious. Your primary assessment reveals
inadequate breathing. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway (OPA), she begins to gag violently.
You should:
A) Insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
B) Select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to re-insert.
C) Remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
D) Continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx.
E) Use a tongue depressor to force the OPA past the gag reflex.
Correct Answer: C) remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
Rationale: A gag reflex is a contraindication for an OPA. If a patient gags during insertion,
the OPA must be removed immediately to prevent vomiting and aspiration. The EMT
should then consider a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) if there are no contraindications.
Question 6 A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is
conscious, alert, and coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The most
appropriate treatment is:
A) Performing a series of abdominal thrusts.
B) Finger sweeps to remove the obstruction.
C) Encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D) A series of back blows and chest thrusts.
E) Applying a nasal cannula at 6 L/min.
, 3
Correct Answer: C) encouraging him to cough and transporting.
Rationale: As long as the patient can speak, breathe, or cough forcefully, the EMT should
not interfere with the patient's attempts to clear the airway. Forceful coughing is the most
effective way to clear a partial obstruction. Abdominal thrusts are reserved for complete
obstructions (silent cough, inability to speak, cyanosis).
Question 7 Which of the following is true regarding febrile seizures in children?
A) They are usually benign but should be evaluated.
B) They are also referred to as petit mal seizures.
C) They often result in permanent brain damage.
D) They occur when a child's fever progressively rises.
E) They require immediate administration of anti-seizure medication by the EMT.
Correct Answer: A) are usually benign but should be evaluated.
Rationale: Febrile seizures are caused by a sudden, rapid spike in body temperature. While
they are terrifying for parents, they are generally short-lived and do not cause long-term
damage. However, all first-time seizures or seizures in the setting of illness must be
evaluated at a hospital to rule out more serious causes like meningitis.
Question 8 A 17-year-old football player has an obvious deformity to his midshaft clavicle. He
is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. After assessing distal PMS, you
should:
A) Straighten his arm and apply a board splint.
B) Perform a rapid secondary assessment.
C) Immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
D) Place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling.
E) Apply a traction splint to the upper extremity.
Correct Answer: C) immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
Rationale: The clavicle (collarbone) acts as a support for the shoulder. Fractures are best
immobilized using a sling to support the weight of the arm and a swathe to secure the arm
against the torso, preventing movement of the shoulder girdle.
Question 9 A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot
speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
A) Perform abdominal thrusts.
B) Give oxygen and transport at once.
C) Perform a blind finger sweep.
D) Visualize the child's airway.
E) Begin chest compressions.
Correct Answer: A) perform abdominal thrusts.
Rationale: The sudden onset of cyanosis and inability to speak in a healthy child suggests a
, 4
complete foreign body airway obstruction. Abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver) are
the standard treatment for a conscious child with a complete obstruction.
Question 10 A major benefit when using a multilumen airway device (such as the Combitube or
King LT) is that:
A) Maintenance of a mask-to-face seal is not required.
B) The airway is better protected than with an ET tube.
C) It can be used on patients of any age and size.
D) It can be visualized as it enters the esophagus.
E) It requires a laryngoscope for proper placement.
Correct Answer: C) it can be used on patients of any age and size.
Rationale: While endotracheal intubation is the gold standard, multilumen and supraglottic
devices are easier to insert and come in various sizes suitable for a wide range of patients.
They are designed to provide ventilation whether they land in the esophagus or the trachea.
Question 11 A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal extension (decerebrate
posturing) of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign for motor response in the
Glasgow Coma Scale?
A) 5
B) 3
C) 2
D) 4
E) 1
Correct Answer: C) 2
Rationale: In the GCS motor scale: Obeys commands = 6; Localizes pain = 5; Withdraws
from pain = 4; Abnormal flexion (decorticate) = 3; Abnormal extension (decerebrate) = 2;
No response = 1.
Question 12 During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should:
A) Immediately determine the patient's blood glucose level.
B) Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and assist ventilations.
C) Ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
D) Ask family members if the patient has a history of stroke.
E) Perform a detailed neurological exam.
Correct Answer: C) ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
Rationale: The primary assessment (ABCs) always takes priority. In a patient with altered
mental status, ensuring the airway is open and that the patient is breathing adequately is
the most critical first step before moving to secondary assessments like glucose checks or
history taking.
Answers| Brand New Version!!!
Question 1 You suspect that a 6-year-old girl has broken her leg after falling from a swing at a
playground. Shortly after you arrive, the child's mother appears and refuses to allow you to
continue treatment. You should:
A) Use your authority under the implied consent law.
B) Ask the mother to sign a refusal form and then leave.
C) Tell the mother that her refusal is a form of child abuse.
D) Try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed.
E) Call for police to arrest the mother for interference.
Correct Answer: D) try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed.
Rationale: When a parent or legal guardian refuses care for a minor, especially in a
potentially serious injury, the EMT's first priority is to educate the parent on the risks of
refusal and the benefits of treatment. Implied consent only applies when a parent is not
present. If persuasion fails, the EMT should involve online medical direction or law
enforcement depending on local protocols, but the initial step is always professional
persuasion.
Question 2 A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe
respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. Auscultation reveals widespread rales. He
is alert, follows commands, and speaks in two-to three-word sentences. You should:
A) Place him in a position of comfort and deliver oxygen via nasal cannula.
B) Force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask device at 20
breaths/min.
C) Place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device.
D) Apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device and monitor his blood pressure.
E) Administer albuterol via a small-volume nebulizer.
Correct Answer: D) apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his
blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration.
Rationale: CPAP is highly effective for patients in pulmonary edema (indicated by rales and
CHF history) who are conscious and able to follow commands. It provides positive pressure
that helps push fluid out of the alveoli and back into the pulmonary capillaries. Monitoring
blood pressure is critical because CPAP can decrease preload and cause hypotension.
Question 3 A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His mother states he put a
small toy in his mouth. The child is conscious, frightened, and coughing forcefully. You should:
A) Encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
B) Deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess.
C) Place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts.
D) Carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it.
E) Perform the Heimlich maneuver immediately.
, 2
Correct Answer: A) encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
Rationale: If a patient (adult or child) is coughing forcefully, they have a partial airway
obstruction and are still capable of moving air. Invasive maneuvers like back blows or
thrusts could turn a partial obstruction into a complete one. The EMT should monitor the
patient closely and encourage them to cough the object out naturally.
Question 4 A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing scant vaginal
bleeding. During transport, she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In
addition to 100% oxygen, you should:
A) Place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
B) Position her supine and elevate her legs 12 inches.
C) Carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina.
D) Assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
E) Place her in the Trendelenburg position.
Correct Answer: A) place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
Rationale: In the third trimester, a pregnant woman in the supine position may experience
supine hypotensive syndrome, where the weight of the uterus compresses the inferior vena
cava, reducing blood return to the heart. Placing the patient on her left side relieves this
pressure and improves cardiac output.
Question 5 A 19-year-old female is found unconscious. Your primary assessment reveals
inadequate breathing. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway (OPA), she begins to gag violently.
You should:
A) Insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
B) Select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to re-insert.
C) Remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
D) Continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx.
E) Use a tongue depressor to force the OPA past the gag reflex.
Correct Answer: C) remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
Rationale: A gag reflex is a contraindication for an OPA. If a patient gags during insertion,
the OPA must be removed immediately to prevent vomiting and aspiration. The EMT
should then consider a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) if there are no contraindications.
Question 6 A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is
conscious, alert, and coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The most
appropriate treatment is:
A) Performing a series of abdominal thrusts.
B) Finger sweeps to remove the obstruction.
C) Encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D) A series of back blows and chest thrusts.
E) Applying a nasal cannula at 6 L/min.
, 3
Correct Answer: C) encouraging him to cough and transporting.
Rationale: As long as the patient can speak, breathe, or cough forcefully, the EMT should
not interfere with the patient's attempts to clear the airway. Forceful coughing is the most
effective way to clear a partial obstruction. Abdominal thrusts are reserved for complete
obstructions (silent cough, inability to speak, cyanosis).
Question 7 Which of the following is true regarding febrile seizures in children?
A) They are usually benign but should be evaluated.
B) They are also referred to as petit mal seizures.
C) They often result in permanent brain damage.
D) They occur when a child's fever progressively rises.
E) They require immediate administration of anti-seizure medication by the EMT.
Correct Answer: A) are usually benign but should be evaluated.
Rationale: Febrile seizures are caused by a sudden, rapid spike in body temperature. While
they are terrifying for parents, they are generally short-lived and do not cause long-term
damage. However, all first-time seizures or seizures in the setting of illness must be
evaluated at a hospital to rule out more serious causes like meningitis.
Question 8 A 17-year-old football player has an obvious deformity to his midshaft clavicle. He
is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. After assessing distal PMS, you
should:
A) Straighten his arm and apply a board splint.
B) Perform a rapid secondary assessment.
C) Immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
D) Place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling.
E) Apply a traction splint to the upper extremity.
Correct Answer: C) immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
Rationale: The clavicle (collarbone) acts as a support for the shoulder. Fractures are best
immobilized using a sling to support the weight of the arm and a swathe to secure the arm
against the torso, preventing movement of the shoulder girdle.
Question 9 A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot
speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
A) Perform abdominal thrusts.
B) Give oxygen and transport at once.
C) Perform a blind finger sweep.
D) Visualize the child's airway.
E) Begin chest compressions.
Correct Answer: A) perform abdominal thrusts.
Rationale: The sudden onset of cyanosis and inability to speak in a healthy child suggests a
, 4
complete foreign body airway obstruction. Abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver) are
the standard treatment for a conscious child with a complete obstruction.
Question 10 A major benefit when using a multilumen airway device (such as the Combitube or
King LT) is that:
A) Maintenance of a mask-to-face seal is not required.
B) The airway is better protected than with an ET tube.
C) It can be used on patients of any age and size.
D) It can be visualized as it enters the esophagus.
E) It requires a laryngoscope for proper placement.
Correct Answer: C) it can be used on patients of any age and size.
Rationale: While endotracheal intubation is the gold standard, multilumen and supraglottic
devices are easier to insert and come in various sizes suitable for a wide range of patients.
They are designed to provide ventilation whether they land in the esophagus or the trachea.
Question 11 A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal extension (decerebrate
posturing) of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign for motor response in the
Glasgow Coma Scale?
A) 5
B) 3
C) 2
D) 4
E) 1
Correct Answer: C) 2
Rationale: In the GCS motor scale: Obeys commands = 6; Localizes pain = 5; Withdraws
from pain = 4; Abnormal flexion (decorticate) = 3; Abnormal extension (decerebrate) = 2;
No response = 1.
Question 12 During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should:
A) Immediately determine the patient's blood glucose level.
B) Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and assist ventilations.
C) Ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
D) Ask family members if the patient has a history of stroke.
E) Perform a detailed neurological exam.
Correct Answer: C) ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
Rationale: The primary assessment (ABCs) always takes priority. In a patient with altered
mental status, ensuring the airway is open and that the patient is breathing adequately is
the most critical first step before moving to secondary assessments like glucose checks or
history taking.
