NURS 6620 exam 1 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ACTUAL EXAM|
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS WITH
RATIONALES/ALREADY GRADED A+
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Terms in this set (43)
During cell injury caused by b.Sodium chloride enters the cell.
hypoxia, why does an increase in In hypoxic injury, movement of fluid and ions into
the osmotic pressure within the cell the cell is associated with acute failure of
occur? metabolism and a loss of ATP production.
Normally, the pump that transports sodium ions
out of the cell is maintained by the presence of
ATP and ATPase, the active transport enzyme. In
metabolic failure caused by hypoxia, reduced
ATP and ATPase levels permit sodium to
accumulate in the cell, whereas potassium
diffuses outward. The increase of intracellular
sodium increases osmotic pressure, which draws
more water into the cell. (Transport mechanisms
are described in Chapter 1.) The remaining
options do not accurately describe the cell injury
that results in increased osmotic pressure caused
by hypoxia.
, A healthcare professional is caring c.Renal failure
for four patients. Which patient Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a
should the professional assess for history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
hyperkalemia or hypermagnesmia? deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt
substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists.
Hyperparathyroidism might lead to
hyperphosphatemia. Vomiting is frequently
associated with potassium depletion.
Hyperaldosteronism also can lead to potassium
wasting.
Renal failure usually causes hypermagnesemia, in
which magnesium concentration is greater than
2.5 mEq/L. Hypermagnesemia is not a result of
the other options.
A major determinant of the resting Intracellular and extracellular K+
membrane potential necessary for The ratio of K+ in theICF to K+ in the ECF is the
the transmission of nerve impulses major determinant of the resting membrane
is the ratio between what? potential, which is necessary for the transmission
and conduction of nerve impulses, for the
maintenance of normal cardiac rhythms, and for
the skeletal and smooth muscle contraction. This
is not true of the other options.
How do free radicals cause cell a.Giving up an electron, which causes injury to
damage? the chemical bonds of the cell membrane
A free radical is an electrically uncharged atom
or group of atoms having an unpaired electron.
Having one unpaired electron makes the
molecule unstable; thus to stabilize, the molecule
gives up an electron to another molecule or
steals one. Therefore it is capable of forming
injurious chemical bonds with proteins, lipids, or
carbohydrates-key molecules in membranes and
nucleic acids. Free radical damage is not caused
by hypoxia, lysosomal enzymes, or transferring
atoms.
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ACTUAL EXAM|
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS WITH
RATIONALES/ALREADY GRADED A+
Save
Terms in this set (43)
During cell injury caused by b.Sodium chloride enters the cell.
hypoxia, why does an increase in In hypoxic injury, movement of fluid and ions into
the osmotic pressure within the cell the cell is associated with acute failure of
occur? metabolism and a loss of ATP production.
Normally, the pump that transports sodium ions
out of the cell is maintained by the presence of
ATP and ATPase, the active transport enzyme. In
metabolic failure caused by hypoxia, reduced
ATP and ATPase levels permit sodium to
accumulate in the cell, whereas potassium
diffuses outward. The increase of intracellular
sodium increases osmotic pressure, which draws
more water into the cell. (Transport mechanisms
are described in Chapter 1.) The remaining
options do not accurately describe the cell injury
that results in increased osmotic pressure caused
by hypoxia.
, A healthcare professional is caring c.Renal failure
for four patients. Which patient Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a
should the professional assess for history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
hyperkalemia or hypermagnesmia? deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt
substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists.
Hyperparathyroidism might lead to
hyperphosphatemia. Vomiting is frequently
associated with potassium depletion.
Hyperaldosteronism also can lead to potassium
wasting.
Renal failure usually causes hypermagnesemia, in
which magnesium concentration is greater than
2.5 mEq/L. Hypermagnesemia is not a result of
the other options.
A major determinant of the resting Intracellular and extracellular K+
membrane potential necessary for The ratio of K+ in theICF to K+ in the ECF is the
the transmission of nerve impulses major determinant of the resting membrane
is the ratio between what? potential, which is necessary for the transmission
and conduction of nerve impulses, for the
maintenance of normal cardiac rhythms, and for
the skeletal and smooth muscle contraction. This
is not true of the other options.
How do free radicals cause cell a.Giving up an electron, which causes injury to
damage? the chemical bonds of the cell membrane
A free radical is an electrically uncharged atom
or group of atoms having an unpaired electron.
Having one unpaired electron makes the
molecule unstable; thus to stabilize, the molecule
gives up an electron to another molecule or
steals one. Therefore it is capable of forming
injurious chemical bonds with proteins, lipids, or
carbohydrates-key molecules in membranes and
nucleic acids. Free radical damage is not caused
by hypoxia, lysosomal enzymes, or transferring
atoms.
