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BIO 181 FINAL EXAM VERSION 1 LATEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
What is a major difference between eukaryotic DNA replication
and prokaryotic DNA replication?
A) DNA polymerases of prokaryotes can add nucleotides to both
3' and 5' ends of DNA strands, while those of eukaryotes function
only in the 5' → 3' direction
B) DNA replication in prokaryotic cells is conservative. DNA
replication in eukaryotic cells is semi-conservative
C) Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication,
while eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins of replication
D) Prokaryotic replication does not require a primer - ANSWERS-
C
Of the following, which is the most current description of a gene?
A) a DNA subunit that codes for a single complete protein
B) a unit of heredity that causes formation of a phenotypic
characteristic
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C) a DNARNA sequence combination that results in an enzymatic
product
D) DNA sequence that is expressed to form a functional product:
either RNA or polypeptide
E) a discrete unit of hereditary information that consists of a
sequence of amino acids - ANSWERS-D
Put the following steps of DNA replication in chronological order.
1. Single-stranded binding proteins attach to DNA strands.
2. Hydrogen bonds between base pairs of antiparallel strands are
broken.
3. Primase binds to the site of origin.
4. DNA polymerase binds to the template strand.
5. An RNA primer is created - ANSWERS-2, 1, 3, 5, 4
A DNA sequence, which can be distant from the gene, stimulates
transcription when bound by a protein. This sequence is called
a(n)
A) consensus sequence
B) TATA box
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C) operon
D) enhancer.
E) promoter - ANSWERS-D
Transcription of eukaryotic genes requires ____. Mark the correct
answer(s).
A) binding of several transcription factors.
B) binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter.
C) polyadenylation
D) capping of mRNA - ANSWERS-A B
In prokaryotes, initiation of translation involves:
A) positioning of the preinitiation complex near the initiation codon
via binding of IF4 to IF1
B) assembly of the preinitiation complex with the 50S ribosome
subunit bound to mRNA, followed by binding of 30S ribosome
subunit
C) positioning of the preinitiation complex near the initiation codon
via base-pairing between mRNA and the 16S rRNA.
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D) preinitiation complex formation at the mRNA's 5'-cap
E) scanning of the preinitiation complex along the mRNA to locate
the initiation codon - ANSWERS-C
The guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cap that is added to the 5' end
of primary mRNA
A) is linked to the first transcribed base via hydrogen bonds
B) provides the mRNA molecule with a poly A tail
C) helps transfer amino acids to the ribosomes
D) facilitates the binding of mRNA to ribosomes
E) contains all the coding and noncoding sequences of the DNA
template - ANSWERS-D
Which of the following is the last oxidizing agent within the
mitochondria and electron transport chain?
A) Oxygen.
B) NAD+.
BIO 181 FINAL EXAM VERSION 1 LATEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
What is a major difference between eukaryotic DNA replication
and prokaryotic DNA replication?
A) DNA polymerases of prokaryotes can add nucleotides to both
3' and 5' ends of DNA strands, while those of eukaryotes function
only in the 5' → 3' direction
B) DNA replication in prokaryotic cells is conservative. DNA
replication in eukaryotic cells is semi-conservative
C) Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication,
while eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins of replication
D) Prokaryotic replication does not require a primer - ANSWERS-
C
Of the following, which is the most current description of a gene?
A) a DNA subunit that codes for a single complete protein
B) a unit of heredity that causes formation of a phenotypic
characteristic
,2|Page
C) a DNARNA sequence combination that results in an enzymatic
product
D) DNA sequence that is expressed to form a functional product:
either RNA or polypeptide
E) a discrete unit of hereditary information that consists of a
sequence of amino acids - ANSWERS-D
Put the following steps of DNA replication in chronological order.
1. Single-stranded binding proteins attach to DNA strands.
2. Hydrogen bonds between base pairs of antiparallel strands are
broken.
3. Primase binds to the site of origin.
4. DNA polymerase binds to the template strand.
5. An RNA primer is created - ANSWERS-2, 1, 3, 5, 4
A DNA sequence, which can be distant from the gene, stimulates
transcription when bound by a protein. This sequence is called
a(n)
A) consensus sequence
B) TATA box
,3|Page
C) operon
D) enhancer.
E) promoter - ANSWERS-D
Transcription of eukaryotic genes requires ____. Mark the correct
answer(s).
A) binding of several transcription factors.
B) binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter.
C) polyadenylation
D) capping of mRNA - ANSWERS-A B
In prokaryotes, initiation of translation involves:
A) positioning of the preinitiation complex near the initiation codon
via binding of IF4 to IF1
B) assembly of the preinitiation complex with the 50S ribosome
subunit bound to mRNA, followed by binding of 30S ribosome
subunit
C) positioning of the preinitiation complex near the initiation codon
via base-pairing between mRNA and the 16S rRNA.
, 4|Page
D) preinitiation complex formation at the mRNA's 5'-cap
E) scanning of the preinitiation complex along the mRNA to locate
the initiation codon - ANSWERS-C
The guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cap that is added to the 5' end
of primary mRNA
A) is linked to the first transcribed base via hydrogen bonds
B) provides the mRNA molecule with a poly A tail
C) helps transfer amino acids to the ribosomes
D) facilitates the binding of mRNA to ribosomes
E) contains all the coding and noncoding sequences of the DNA
template - ANSWERS-D
Which of the following is the last oxidizing agent within the
mitochondria and electron transport chain?
A) Oxygen.
B) NAD+.
