NU 301
UNIT 5 EXAM
NCLEX EXAM-STYLE QS
(Fundamentals of Nursing)
University of South Alabama
(Straight to the point. No fluff. Everything you need for exams.)
NU 301 Exam 5 Fundamentals of Nursing
including 50 high-yield NCLEX questions
written to mirror actual course exam.
Covers core Nursing Concepts with clear,
accurate, and student-friendly explanations.
Perfect for mastering high-priority topics and boosting exam
confidence.
,1. A nurse is providing teaching about a heart healthy diet to a group of
clients with hypertension. Which of the following statements by one of
the clients indicates a need for further teaching?
MCQ Options
A. “I will limit my sodium intake to 1,500 mg per day.”
B. “I may eat 10 ounces of lean protein each day.”
C. “I will choose baked or grilled foods instead of fried.”
D. “I will increase my intake of fresh fruits and vegetables.”
Correct Answer: B. “I may eat 10 ounces of lean protein each day.”
Expert Rationale:
Heart-healthy diets (e.g., DASH) usually emphasize moderate protein intake (~5–6
oz/day) and focus on plant-based sources. Ten ounces daily is excessive and often
associated with more saturated fat, which can worsen hypertension and
cardiovascular risk.
• A, C, D are consistent with heart-healthy recommendations and do not
indicate a need for further teaching.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a
new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse provide?
MCQ Options
A. “Use salt substitutes instead of regular table salt.”
B. “Do not use salt substitutes while taking this medication.”
C. “Take this medication with a high-sodium snack.”
D. “Stop the medication if you feel dizzy once.”
Correct Answer: B. “Do not use salt substitutes while taking this medication.”
,Expert Rationale:
ACE inhibitors like captopril can cause hyperkalemia. Many salt substitutes
contain potassium, so they must be avoided.
• A & C: Increase sodium/potassium load and counteract treatment goals.
• D: Dizziness may be an expected effect from lowered BP; the client should
report it, not abruptly stop the medication.
3. A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client who has
Raynaud’s disease. Which of the following client statements indicates
an understanding of the teaching?
MCQ Options
A. “I am going to start taking very hot baths.”
B. “I am going to take a stress management class.”
C. “I will drink iced drinks when my hands are pale.”
D. “I can continue to smoke as long as I wear gloves.”
Correct Answer: B. “I am going to take a stress management class.”
Expert Rationale:
Stress is a trigger for vasospasms in Raynaud’s, so stress-management classes are
appropriate.
• A & C: Exposure to cold worsens vasospasm (alternating extreme temps
also problematic).
• D: Smoking causes vasoconstriction and significantly worsens
manifestations.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is
taking digoxin daily. The client refused breakfast and is complaining of
nausea and weakness. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take first?
, MCQ Options
A. Administer the scheduled digoxin dose.
B. Check the client’s vital signs.
C. Offer an antiemetic.
D. Notify the provider immediately without assessment.
Correct Answer: B. Check the client’s vital signs.
Expert Rationale:
Nausea and weakness may indicate digoxin toxicity. The nurse’s priority is to
assess, especially the apical pulse and heart rate, before giving the dose.
• A: Giving the dose before assessment may worsen toxicity.
• C: Treating symptoms without assessing the cause is unsafe.
• D: Provider notification is needed after adequate assessment.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who is taking lisinopril to treat
hypertension. Which of the following findings is a priority to report?
MCQ Options
A. Blood pressure 138/88 mm Hg
B. Dry, hacking cough
C. Swelling of the tongue
D. Fatigue
Correct Answer: C. Swelling of the tongue
Expert Rationale:
Tongue swelling suggests angioedema, a life-threatening reaction associated with
ACE inhibitors like lisinopril. This is a priority emergency.
• B: Common non-emergent side effect.
• A & D: Expected/less urgent findings, not immediate threats to airway.
UNIT 5 EXAM
NCLEX EXAM-STYLE QS
(Fundamentals of Nursing)
University of South Alabama
(Straight to the point. No fluff. Everything you need for exams.)
NU 301 Exam 5 Fundamentals of Nursing
including 50 high-yield NCLEX questions
written to mirror actual course exam.
Covers core Nursing Concepts with clear,
accurate, and student-friendly explanations.
Perfect for mastering high-priority topics and boosting exam
confidence.
,1. A nurse is providing teaching about a heart healthy diet to a group of
clients with hypertension. Which of the following statements by one of
the clients indicates a need for further teaching?
MCQ Options
A. “I will limit my sodium intake to 1,500 mg per day.”
B. “I may eat 10 ounces of lean protein each day.”
C. “I will choose baked or grilled foods instead of fried.”
D. “I will increase my intake of fresh fruits and vegetables.”
Correct Answer: B. “I may eat 10 ounces of lean protein each day.”
Expert Rationale:
Heart-healthy diets (e.g., DASH) usually emphasize moderate protein intake (~5–6
oz/day) and focus on plant-based sources. Ten ounces daily is excessive and often
associated with more saturated fat, which can worsen hypertension and
cardiovascular risk.
• A, C, D are consistent with heart-healthy recommendations and do not
indicate a need for further teaching.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a
new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse provide?
MCQ Options
A. “Use salt substitutes instead of regular table salt.”
B. “Do not use salt substitutes while taking this medication.”
C. “Take this medication with a high-sodium snack.”
D. “Stop the medication if you feel dizzy once.”
Correct Answer: B. “Do not use salt substitutes while taking this medication.”
,Expert Rationale:
ACE inhibitors like captopril can cause hyperkalemia. Many salt substitutes
contain potassium, so they must be avoided.
• A & C: Increase sodium/potassium load and counteract treatment goals.
• D: Dizziness may be an expected effect from lowered BP; the client should
report it, not abruptly stop the medication.
3. A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client who has
Raynaud’s disease. Which of the following client statements indicates
an understanding of the teaching?
MCQ Options
A. “I am going to start taking very hot baths.”
B. “I am going to take a stress management class.”
C. “I will drink iced drinks when my hands are pale.”
D. “I can continue to smoke as long as I wear gloves.”
Correct Answer: B. “I am going to take a stress management class.”
Expert Rationale:
Stress is a trigger for vasospasms in Raynaud’s, so stress-management classes are
appropriate.
• A & C: Exposure to cold worsens vasospasm (alternating extreme temps
also problematic).
• D: Smoking causes vasoconstriction and significantly worsens
manifestations.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is
taking digoxin daily. The client refused breakfast and is complaining of
nausea and weakness. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take first?
, MCQ Options
A. Administer the scheduled digoxin dose.
B. Check the client’s vital signs.
C. Offer an antiemetic.
D. Notify the provider immediately without assessment.
Correct Answer: B. Check the client’s vital signs.
Expert Rationale:
Nausea and weakness may indicate digoxin toxicity. The nurse’s priority is to
assess, especially the apical pulse and heart rate, before giving the dose.
• A: Giving the dose before assessment may worsen toxicity.
• C: Treating symptoms without assessing the cause is unsafe.
• D: Provider notification is needed after adequate assessment.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who is taking lisinopril to treat
hypertension. Which of the following findings is a priority to report?
MCQ Options
A. Blood pressure 138/88 mm Hg
B. Dry, hacking cough
C. Swelling of the tongue
D. Fatigue
Correct Answer: C. Swelling of the tongue
Expert Rationale:
Tongue swelling suggests angioedema, a life-threatening reaction associated with
ACE inhibitors like lisinopril. This is a priority emergency.
• B: Common non-emergent side effect.
• A & D: Expected/less urgent findings, not immediate threats to airway.
