CARE OF THE ADULT EXAM #1 UESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES Q&A |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which is the priority nursing action when admitting an
adult patient to a medical ward?
A. Administer medications
B. Obtain vital signs
C. Begin treatment plan
D. Perform physical therapy
Correct Answer: B. Obtain vital signs
Rationale:
Vital signs provide baseline data for assessing the patient’s
physiological status and detecting abnormalities early.
2. Which sign indicates hypoxia in an adult patient?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cyanosis
C. Hypotension
D. Hypothermia
Correct Answer: B. Cyanosis
Rationale:
Cyanosis occurs when oxygen levels in the blood are low,
causing a bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes.
,3. The normal adult respiratory rate is:
A. 8–12 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 20–30 breaths/min
D. 25–35 breaths/min
Correct Answer: B. 12–20 breaths/min
Rationale:
The normal respiratory rate for a healthy adult is typically 12–
20 breaths per minute.
4. Which position improves breathing in patients with
respiratory distress?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Fowler’s position
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer: C. Fowler’s position
Rationale:
Fowler’s position expands the chest and facilitates easier lung
expansion, improving oxygenation.
,5. Which nursing intervention prevents pressure ulcers in
bedridden adults?
A. Increasing fluid intake only
B. Repositioning every 2 hours
C. Restricting movement
D. Applying heat packs
Correct Answer: B. Repositioning every 2 hours
Rationale:
Frequent repositioning relieves pressure on tissues and
improves circulation.
6. The most common cause of hospital-acquired infections is:
A. Poor ventilation
B. Poor nutrition
C. Poor hand hygiene
D. Excessive medication
Correct Answer: C. Poor hand hygiene
Rationale:
Hand hygiene is the most effective method of preventing the
spread of infection in healthcare settings.
7. Which vital sign change may indicate shock?
, A. Low pulse and high blood pressure
B. Rapid pulse and low blood pressure
C. Low temperature and slow pulse
D. High blood pressure and slow pulse
Correct Answer: B. Rapid pulse and low blood pressure
Rationale:
Shock reduces circulating blood volume, causing hypotension
and compensatory tachycardia.
8. Which electrolyte imbalance causes muscle weakness and
cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Correct Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale:
Potassium is essential for muscle and cardiac function. Low
levels can cause weakness and arrhythmias.
9. Which type of isolation is used for tuberculosis patients?
A. Contact isolation
B. Droplet isolation
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES Q&A |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which is the priority nursing action when admitting an
adult patient to a medical ward?
A. Administer medications
B. Obtain vital signs
C. Begin treatment plan
D. Perform physical therapy
Correct Answer: B. Obtain vital signs
Rationale:
Vital signs provide baseline data for assessing the patient’s
physiological status and detecting abnormalities early.
2. Which sign indicates hypoxia in an adult patient?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cyanosis
C. Hypotension
D. Hypothermia
Correct Answer: B. Cyanosis
Rationale:
Cyanosis occurs when oxygen levels in the blood are low,
causing a bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes.
,3. The normal adult respiratory rate is:
A. 8–12 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 20–30 breaths/min
D. 25–35 breaths/min
Correct Answer: B. 12–20 breaths/min
Rationale:
The normal respiratory rate for a healthy adult is typically 12–
20 breaths per minute.
4. Which position improves breathing in patients with
respiratory distress?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Fowler’s position
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer: C. Fowler’s position
Rationale:
Fowler’s position expands the chest and facilitates easier lung
expansion, improving oxygenation.
,5. Which nursing intervention prevents pressure ulcers in
bedridden adults?
A. Increasing fluid intake only
B. Repositioning every 2 hours
C. Restricting movement
D. Applying heat packs
Correct Answer: B. Repositioning every 2 hours
Rationale:
Frequent repositioning relieves pressure on tissues and
improves circulation.
6. The most common cause of hospital-acquired infections is:
A. Poor ventilation
B. Poor nutrition
C. Poor hand hygiene
D. Excessive medication
Correct Answer: C. Poor hand hygiene
Rationale:
Hand hygiene is the most effective method of preventing the
spread of infection in healthcare settings.
7. Which vital sign change may indicate shock?
, A. Low pulse and high blood pressure
B. Rapid pulse and low blood pressure
C. Low temperature and slow pulse
D. High blood pressure and slow pulse
Correct Answer: B. Rapid pulse and low blood pressure
Rationale:
Shock reduces circulating blood volume, causing hypotension
and compensatory tachycardia.
8. Which electrolyte imbalance causes muscle weakness and
cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Correct Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale:
Potassium is essential for muscle and cardiac function. Low
levels can cause weakness and arrhythmias.
9. Which type of isolation is used for tuberculosis patients?
A. Contact isolation
B. Droplet isolation
