PSYC 2001 Knapp Exam 1 Study Guide questions with
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accurate detailed solutions || ||
psychology - ✔✔the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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behavior - ✔✔anything an organism does outwardly that can be observed
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mental processes - ✔✔inward, subjective experiences that cannot directly be measured
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biological influences - ✔✔genetic predispositions and the influence of hormones /
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neurotransmitters on thoughts and behaviors || || || ||
psychological influences - ✔✔includes areas like our emotional responses and how our
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perceptions of the world around us influence thoughts and behaviors
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social-cultural influences - ✔✔the influence that the company of others, cultures, and social
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structures have on how we think and behave
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biophysical approach - ✔✔combines all three levels of analysis for a better understanding /
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explanation of phenomenon || ||
5 things that make psychology distinct from other sciences - ✔✔unpredictability of human
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behavior, influences rarely independent of each other, individual difference, people influence
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each other, people influences by culture/gender
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multiply determined - ✔✔caused by many different factors
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individual differences - ✔✔variations in thinking, emotion, personality, etc
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, reciprocal determinism - ✔✔albert bandura; behaviors, personal factors, and social environment
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all influence one another
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culture - ✔✔distinctive customs, values, beliefs, knowledge, art, and language of a society
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sex - ✔✔biological; male / female; sexual behaviors
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gender - ✔✔societal, cultural aspects of being male or female
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naive realism - ✔✔belief that our view of the world is exactly how the world really is
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hindsight bias - ✔✔after an event has occurred we like to believe we could have foreseen it
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overconfidence - ✔✔we believe we know more than we actually do || || || || || || || || || ||
empirical approach - ✔✔based on verifiable data || || || || || ||
scientific method of inquiry begins with - ✔✔theory || || || || || || ||
theory - ✔✔statement / set up of statements that explain what we know up to this point and gives
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direction to future research || || ||
psychological theory has two components - ✔✔1) describe a behavior 2) make predictions about || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
future behaviors ||
hypothesis - ✔✔specific, testable prediction, based in theory || || || || || || ||
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accurate detailed solutions || ||
psychology - ✔✔the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
|| || || || || || || || ||
behavior - ✔✔anything an organism does outwardly that can be observed
|| || || || || || || || || ||
mental processes - ✔✔inward, subjective experiences that cannot directly be measured
|| || || || || || || || || ||
biological influences - ✔✔genetic predispositions and the influence of hormones /
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
neurotransmitters on thoughts and behaviors || || || ||
psychological influences - ✔✔includes areas like our emotional responses and how our
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
perceptions of the world around us influence thoughts and behaviors
|| || || || || || || || ||
social-cultural influences - ✔✔the influence that the company of others, cultures, and social
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
structures have on how we think and behave
|| || || || || || ||
biophysical approach - ✔✔combines all three levels of analysis for a better understanding /
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
explanation of phenomenon || ||
5 things that make psychology distinct from other sciences - ✔✔unpredictability of human
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
behavior, influences rarely independent of each other, individual difference, people influence
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
each other, people influences by culture/gender
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multiply determined - ✔✔caused by many different factors
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individual differences - ✔✔variations in thinking, emotion, personality, etc
|| || || || || || || ||
, reciprocal determinism - ✔✔albert bandura; behaviors, personal factors, and social environment
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
all influence one another
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culture - ✔✔distinctive customs, values, beliefs, knowledge, art, and language of a society
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
sex - ✔✔biological; male / female; sexual behaviors
|| || || || || || ||
gender - ✔✔societal, cultural aspects of being male or female
|| || || || || || || || ||
naive realism - ✔✔belief that our view of the world is exactly how the world really is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
hindsight bias - ✔✔after an event has occurred we like to believe we could have foreseen it
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
overconfidence - ✔✔we believe we know more than we actually do || || || || || || || || || ||
empirical approach - ✔✔based on verifiable data || || || || || ||
scientific method of inquiry begins with - ✔✔theory || || || || || || ||
theory - ✔✔statement / set up of statements that explain what we know up to this point and gives
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
direction to future research || || ||
psychological theory has two components - ✔✔1) describe a behavior 2) make predictions about || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
future behaviors ||
hypothesis - ✔✔specific, testable prediction, based in theory || || || || || || ||
