Gastrointestinal, Musculoskeletal, and Endocrine Disorders – Pneumothorax,
Pneumoconiosis, Pulmonary Edema, Asthma, COPD, Emphysema, Pneumonia,
Tuberculosis, Lung Cancer, Urinary Tract Infection, Upper & Lower Urinary Tract
Obstruction, Glomerulonephritis, Chronic Kidney Disease, Gastroesophageal
Reflux, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Inflammatory & Diverticular Bowel Disease,
Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Anorexia Nervosa, Cirrhosis, Cholelithiasis,
Rhabdomyolysis, Osteoporosis, Bone Cancer, Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid
Arthritis, Gout, Fibromyalgia – Assessment, Diagnostics, Laboratory
Interpretation, Nursing Interventions, Delegation, Medication Management,
Patient Education Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Pneumothorax
A 26-year-old male presents to the emergency room with sudden chest pain and difficulty
breathing. Upon physical examination the patient has tachypnea, and mild dyspnea. He also has
hyper resonance on the left side of his chest. He has low blood pressure of 100/60.
Pneumoconiosis
A 55 year old, long time coal miner was taken to the emergency room with shortness of breath
and difficulty breathing. The patient reports that everything seems to be normal except that he
sometimes experienced wheezing and coughing. He noticed that the symptom gets worst
whenever he is at work.
, Pulmonary Edema
A 34 year old female presents to her primary care physician with shortness of breath that has
become more prominent over time. She is also having trouble exercising. Blood pressure is
slightly elevated 140/90 at her previous physical a year ago her blood pressure was 120/80. She
is exhibiting tachycardia and her skin appears unnaturally pale.
Asthma
A 7 year old female child presents to the emergency room with complaints of a tight feeling in
her chest, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Her parents state that she also has been wheezing
very strongly for the past hour or so, and that the child has experienced similar symptoms a few
times in the past month.
Upon examination, wheezing could be heard in the patient's chest during both inspiration and
expiration, and it was obvious she was having difficulty breathing. The patient also exhibited a
dry, non-productive cough.
COPD
A 54 year old retired truck driver presents to the emergency room complaining of shortness of
breath, wheezing, and coughing. He admits to being a chronic smoker, consuming almost two
packs of cigarettes per day. The physician observes rapid breathing rate (tachypnea) and
wheezing sounds in the lungs through his stethoscope. He also notices the patient takes longer
to breath out than in. The patient complains that his breathing requires effort. Harold also
complains of his persistent cough, mucus production, chest tightness, and tiredness.
Emphysema
A 62 year old male presents to the hospital clinic with decreased appetite, subsequent weight
loss and a history of smoking for 35 years. The patient was observed to be thin and would lean
forward with arms extended and braced on knees when sitting. He was also observed to wheeze
and cough a little, and produced very little sputum. He would take longer time in exhaling than