2026 Exam All Answers and
Illustrations Given
L4 dermatome - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Medial buttock, lateral thigh, medial leg,
dorsum of foot, big toe
L3 dermatome - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Back, upper buttock, anterior thigh and
knee, medial lower leg
which has full blown mania bipolar 1 or 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1
,what is the treatment of choice for actinic keratoses? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔5-
FU
what should be performed on every patient that is 2 years and younger with
suspected child abuse - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔full skeletal survey
Positive Likelihood Ratio (LR+) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sensitivity/(1-specificity)
galeazzi test - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔difference in knee height
lasegue test - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔[straight leg raising] helps confirm the
presence of herniated nucleus pulposus. Lifting affected leg to see if sciatic
pain is reproduced
ober test - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔IT band tightness
patrick test - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔FABERE
test for OA of the hip joint
wright test - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔thoracic outlet syndrome -- moves pt arms
overhead in frontal plane
What is the definition of unstable angina? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Myocardial
ischemia without infarction. No myocardial necrosis.
,What is the pathophysiology of unstable angina? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Reduced coronary blood flow (often from rupture of an atherosclerotic
plaque and partial thrombus) without complete occlusion.
What type of chest pain is associated with unstable angina? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔New, worsening, or occurring at rest. Not relieved by nitro.
What are the troponin levels in unstable angina? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Normal
What might an EKG show in a patient with unstable angina? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔May show ST depressions, T-wave inversions, or be normal. No ST
elevation or Q waves.
How is unstable angina diagnosed? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Clinical + negative
troponins. Rule out MI.
What is the management protocol for unstable angina? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔MONA-BASH: Morphine, Oxygen, Nitro, Aspirin, Beta-blocker, ACE-i,
Statin, Heparin. Consider cardiac cath.
What are the potential complications of untreated unstable angina? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Can progress to NSTEMI/STEMI if untreated.
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, What is NSTEMI? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Myocardial infarction without ST
elevation but with elevated troponins. Partial thickness (subendocardial)
infarct.
What causes NSTEMI? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Partial occlusion of a coronary
artery leading to myocyte necrosis.
What are the characteristics of chest pain in NSTEMI? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Similar to unstable angina: crushing, retrosternal, radiates to jaw/arm,
occurs at rest or with minimal exertion.
What is a key distinguishing feature of NSTEMI compared to unstable
angina? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Elevated troponins.
What EKG findings are associated with NSTEMI? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Depressions or T-wave inversions. No ST elevation or Q waves.
How is NSTEMI diagnosed? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Clinical assessment +
positive troponins and EKG changes.
What is the management for NSTEMI? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Same as unstable
angina + urgent coronary angiography, especially in high-risk patients. Dual
antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, possible PCI.