leukocyte esterase +
nitrite +
WBC +
bacteria + (>10 colony forming units)
asymptomatic w/o fever - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔asymptomatic bacteriuria (oral
therapy- cephalexin) (amoxicillin x 10 d)
leukocyte esterase +
nitrite + (sometimes false negative dipstick)
,urgency, frequency, dysuria, no fever + suprapubic tenderness - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔cystitis (oral therapy)
leukocyte esterase +
nitrite +
WBC casts +
urgency, frequency, dysuria, fever, CVA tenderness - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔pyelonephritis (admit hospital , IV therapy, get US)
1st line tx pregnant pt - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔amoxicillin , cephalosporin or
nitrofurantoin
term baby - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔> 37 wks
first trimester (<12 wks) screening - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ultrasound (measure
nuchal translucency - downs)
serum beta HCG & PAPP (pregnancy associated plasma proteinA)
what test is a diagnostic test (most accurate/"best test") done in 1st
trimester (<12 wks) for chromosomal anomalies? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔chorionic villus sampling
,what test is a diagnostic test (most accurate/"best test") done in 2nd
trimester (>25 wks) for chromosomal anomalies? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔amniocentesis (complication- PPROM)
second semester triple screening - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔serum HCG, AFP,
Estriol
second semester (16-22 wks) quad screening - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔serum
HCG, AFP, Estriol, inhibin A
PAPP-A: low
HCG: high
nuchal translucency: high - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔down syndrome (trisomy 21)
HCG: high
AFP: low
Estriol: low
Inhibin A: high - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔down syndrome (trisomy 21)
management of pt with low serum AFP on quad screen at 16 wks - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔do fetal ultrasound
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, early decelerations
caused by? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔head compression (benign, reflex bradycardia
from vagal nerve)
decreases in fetal HR that correspond with uterine contraction (never below
100 BPM)
(start at the beginning of the contraction & end by the time the contraction
ends) (mirrors contraction)
(nadir at same time as peak of contraction) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔early
decelerations
variable decelerations
caused by? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔cord compression (prolapse,
oligohydramnios) (transient fetal HTN->parasympathetic response)
(category 3)
fetus heart rate rapidly drops < 100 BPM every several minutes NOT
associated with uterine contractions (nadir < 30 sec)