Pediatric Infectious Diseases Review (COMLEX/USMLE) – 400 Questions – Neonatal Sepsis, Pneumonia, TB, Viral Infections Q&A 2026

This document is a comprehensive pediatric infectious diseases review containing approximately 400 high-yield clinical questions and answers focused on diagnosis, management, and complications of infections in pediatric populations. It covers essential topics such as neonatal sepsis, respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, and vaccine-preventable diseases. Early sections (pages 1–3) emphasize neonatal infections including common pathogens (Group B Streptococcus, E. coli, Listeria), empiric antibiotic therapy (ampicillin and gentamicin), and key respiratory infections like pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella. The document expands into a wide range of infectious diseases including bacterial (e.g., diphtheria, strep pharyngitis, otitis media), viral (e.g., measles, rubella, EBV, RSV), fungal (e.g., Aspergillus), and parasitic infections (e.g., Giardia, malaria, toxoplasmosis). It integrates high-yield diagnostic findings such as CSF profiles in TB meningitis, characteristic rashes (e.g., measles with Koplik spots, scarlet fever with sandpaper rash), and imaging signs (e.g., steeple sign in croup). Additionally, it covers opportunistic infections (e.g., Pneumocystis jirovecii), immunodeficiency disorders, and complications such as toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. Later sections include systemic pediatric conditions, congenital disorders, and emergency management topics such as septic shock, airway obstruction, and pediatric cardiac emergencies, providing a well-rounded clinical review. This resource is highly relevant for courses such as Pediatrics Clerkship, Infectious Disease, Microbiology, and Clinical Medicine. It is ideal for medical students (MD/DO programs) preparing for COMLEX Level 2-CE, USMLE Step 2 CK, and Pediatric COMAT exams. It is also suitable for physician assistant (PA) students, nursing students, and international medical graduates seeking a structured and exam-focused review of pediatric infections and clinical management. The content aligns closely with widely used textbooks such as First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK, Case Files Pediatrics, and Blueprints Pediatrics, making it an excellent supplementary resource for mastering infectious disease concepts, improving clinical reasoning, and achieving strong exam performance. Keywords: pediatric infectious diseases, neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, viral infections, bacterial infections, measles, rubella, RSV, opportunistic infections, immunodeficiency, septic shock, antibiotic therapy, pediatric management, board exam preparation