BIO 110 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis? (both chemical, and in common terms) -
Correct Answers -6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
sunlight energy and carbon dioxide and water combine to produce sugar and oxygen
(the reverse is cellular respiration)
What happens to the components of water through the rest of the process? - Correct
Answers -H+ are pumped to the thylakoid lumen and electrons pass to PSI
Where are ATP and NADPH produced - Correct Answers -In the Light Dependent
reactions of Photosynthesis: this is in the thylakoid membrane. More specifically, they
are created through Photosystems I and II. PSII makes ATP while PSI makes NADPH.
How is sunlight captured / what do pigments do? - Correct Answers -Sunlight is
captured by pigments through absorption. They absorb different wavelengths of light.
What happens in light reactions and the Calvin Cycle (inputs and outputs). - Correct
Answers -The inputs for the light reactions are H2O and light and the byproduct is
oxygen (O2), ATP, and NADPH. The input for the Calvin Cycle are CO2 are sugar.
Where is water split? - Correct Answers -water is split during PSII
antenna complex - Correct Answers -harnesses light energy in PSI and directs it to the
reaction center
reaction center - Correct Answers -organized association of proteins holding a special
pair of chlorophyl molecules and light energy splits water into O2 & H+
resonance energy - Correct Answers -mechanism by which antenna complex
chlorophylls transfer energy toward reaction centers
, Track the energy and electron through PSII and PSI (Be able to draw the Z-scheme) -
Correct Answers -
Where does light energy become chemical energy? - Correct Answers -inner thylakoid
space
Understand how cyclic photophosphorylation works and what is it used for - Correct
Answers -Cyclic Phosphorylation is a route of electron flow during the light reactions of
photosynthesis that involves only one photosystem and that produces ATP but not
NADPH or O2. This process is utilized when when there is no NADP+ available to act
as the final electron acceptor. This occurs mostly in bacteria.
How is the H+ gradient created and what is it used for? - Correct Answers -The H+
gradient is created when electrons are transported down a chain and it is uses proton
motive force*************
What would happen if you change the pH of the chloroplast - Correct Answers -If you
change the pH of the chloroplasts, the proteins present in them will have the propensity
to denature and therefore become void.
How are the products of the light reactions used in the Calvin Cycle to make sugars? -
Correct Answers -The Calvin cycle uses the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH to
reduce CO2 to sugar.
Explain what is meant by "the overall process of photosynthesis is to reduce carbon
dioxide" - Correct Answers -Reduction is reducing oxygen and adding an electron (H+).
This is how carbon dioxide is altered to turn into sugar.
What does RUBISCO do and why is it such a critical enzyme? - Correct Answers -it is
the most abundant enzyme on Earth
- takes CO2 from the air and adds it to a solid molecule (carbon fixation)
Know the general properties of DNA structure (should be review from exam I) - Correct
Answers -DNA is composed of a sugar group, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous
base (A,T,C,G). The nitrogenous bases are bonded together via hydrogen bonds.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis? (both chemical, and in common terms) -
Correct Answers -6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
sunlight energy and carbon dioxide and water combine to produce sugar and oxygen
(the reverse is cellular respiration)
What happens to the components of water through the rest of the process? - Correct
Answers -H+ are pumped to the thylakoid lumen and electrons pass to PSI
Where are ATP and NADPH produced - Correct Answers -In the Light Dependent
reactions of Photosynthesis: this is in the thylakoid membrane. More specifically, they
are created through Photosystems I and II. PSII makes ATP while PSI makes NADPH.
How is sunlight captured / what do pigments do? - Correct Answers -Sunlight is
captured by pigments through absorption. They absorb different wavelengths of light.
What happens in light reactions and the Calvin Cycle (inputs and outputs). - Correct
Answers -The inputs for the light reactions are H2O and light and the byproduct is
oxygen (O2), ATP, and NADPH. The input for the Calvin Cycle are CO2 are sugar.
Where is water split? - Correct Answers -water is split during PSII
antenna complex - Correct Answers -harnesses light energy in PSI and directs it to the
reaction center
reaction center - Correct Answers -organized association of proteins holding a special
pair of chlorophyl molecules and light energy splits water into O2 & H+
resonance energy - Correct Answers -mechanism by which antenna complex
chlorophylls transfer energy toward reaction centers
, Track the energy and electron through PSII and PSI (Be able to draw the Z-scheme) -
Correct Answers -
Where does light energy become chemical energy? - Correct Answers -inner thylakoid
space
Understand how cyclic photophosphorylation works and what is it used for - Correct
Answers -Cyclic Phosphorylation is a route of electron flow during the light reactions of
photosynthesis that involves only one photosystem and that produces ATP but not
NADPH or O2. This process is utilized when when there is no NADP+ available to act
as the final electron acceptor. This occurs mostly in bacteria.
How is the H+ gradient created and what is it used for? - Correct Answers -The H+
gradient is created when electrons are transported down a chain and it is uses proton
motive force*************
What would happen if you change the pH of the chloroplast - Correct Answers -If you
change the pH of the chloroplasts, the proteins present in them will have the propensity
to denature and therefore become void.
How are the products of the light reactions used in the Calvin Cycle to make sugars? -
Correct Answers -The Calvin cycle uses the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH to
reduce CO2 to sugar.
Explain what is meant by "the overall process of photosynthesis is to reduce carbon
dioxide" - Correct Answers -Reduction is reducing oxygen and adding an electron (H+).
This is how carbon dioxide is altered to turn into sugar.
What does RUBISCO do and why is it such a critical enzyme? - Correct Answers -it is
the most abundant enzyme on Earth
- takes CO2 from the air and adds it to a solid molecule (carbon fixation)
Know the general properties of DNA structure (should be review from exam I) - Correct
Answers -DNA is composed of a sugar group, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous
base (A,T,C,G). The nitrogenous bases are bonded together via hydrogen bonds.
