PCA Nematodes Exam Newest 2026-
2027 With Complete 200 Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers| Already
Graded A+
Describe the relative size of plant feeding nematodes. -
ANSWER✔✔ Great variability. Range from 0.25 um to 12 mm in
length.
Name five to six life stages of plant-parasitic nematodes. -
ANSWER✔✔Egg, juvenile 1, J2, J3, J4, adult
Shape and size of root-knot nematode - ANSWER✔✔Females
are round and lose their veriform shape as adults, males
retain veriform shape
Shape and size of cyst nematode - ANSWER✔✔Adult female is
swollen, eggs retained inside of cyst and cyst is left behind
after female dies
Shape and size of lesion nematode - ANSWER✔✔Small, needle-
like
Describe how nematode shape affects the choice of extraction
method. - ANSWER✔✔Larger nematodes that are swollen may
be observed on the root system, but smaller nematodes
require actual extraction.
,Define veriform. - ANSWER✔✔Worm-shaped
Describe the major difference between the veriform stage and
other nematode life stages. - ANSWER✔✔Veriform stages are
mobile, swollen stages are not.
Describe the feeding apparatus of plant-parasitic nematodes
and how it is used to feed on plants. - ANSWER✔✔Stylet is
used to feed. It pierces the plant, and draws nutrients from
the plant.
List two groups of nematodes by common name that exhibit
sexual dimorphism. - ANSWER✔✔Cyst and root-knot
nematodes
Describe the differences in shape between males and females
in nematodes that exhibit sexual dimorphism. -
ANSWER✔✔Males are veriform, whereas females are swollen.
Describe how nematodes move. - ANSWER✔✔Nematodes move
with snake-like movements in short distances. For long
distances, they move with infected material, water, and
equipment.
List the major environmental/ecological factors that influence
the time it takes a nematode to complete its life cycle. -
ANSWER✔✔Temperature, moisture, availability of food from
the host.
,Identify the host(s) of some non-plant parasitic nematodes. -
ANSWER✔✔Animals, humans, insects
Ectoparasite - ANSWER✔✔Nematode that feeds on the outside
of the plant.
Endoparasite - ANSWER✔✔Nematode that feeds on the inside
of the plant.
Describe methods for evaluating a postplant nematicide
application. - ANSWER✔✔Comparing treated and untreated
areas and yield
Describe methods for evaluating untested materials or new
control methods. - ANSWER✔✔Field trials
Quarantine nematodes - ANSWER✔✔Hemicycliophora arenaria
and Rotylenchulus reniformis
Anguina spp. - ANSWER✔✔Seed and leaf gall nematodes
Anguina spp. Host Range - ANSWER✔✔Wheat and Rye
Anguina spp. Life Cycle - ANSWER✔✔Sedentary endoparasites,
, diploit, amphimictic
Anguina spp. damage symptoms - ANSWER✔✔Seedlings
stunted, show rolling, twisting, and crinkling of leaves.
Growth distortion. Ears are undersized, shorter and thicker
than healthy ones.
Anguina spp. Management - ANSWER✔✔Mechanical seed
cleaning, avoid infested fields
Anguina spp. Economic significance - ANSWER✔✔Rare now
Aphelenchoides spp. - ANSWER✔✔Foliar nematodes
Aphelenchoides fragariae - ANSWER✔✔Strawberry bud
nematode
Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi - ANSWER✔✔Chysanthemum
nematode
Aphelenchoides spp. host range - ANSWER✔✔Wide host range
Aphelenchoides spp. Life Cycle - ANSWER✔✔Migratory
endoparasites in leaves, but also ectoparasitic feeding on leaf
and flower buds. Males required.
2027 With Complete 200 Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers| Already
Graded A+
Describe the relative size of plant feeding nematodes. -
ANSWER✔✔ Great variability. Range from 0.25 um to 12 mm in
length.
Name five to six life stages of plant-parasitic nematodes. -
ANSWER✔✔Egg, juvenile 1, J2, J3, J4, adult
Shape and size of root-knot nematode - ANSWER✔✔Females
are round and lose their veriform shape as adults, males
retain veriform shape
Shape and size of cyst nematode - ANSWER✔✔Adult female is
swollen, eggs retained inside of cyst and cyst is left behind
after female dies
Shape and size of lesion nematode - ANSWER✔✔Small, needle-
like
Describe how nematode shape affects the choice of extraction
method. - ANSWER✔✔Larger nematodes that are swollen may
be observed on the root system, but smaller nematodes
require actual extraction.
,Define veriform. - ANSWER✔✔Worm-shaped
Describe the major difference between the veriform stage and
other nematode life stages. - ANSWER✔✔Veriform stages are
mobile, swollen stages are not.
Describe the feeding apparatus of plant-parasitic nematodes
and how it is used to feed on plants. - ANSWER✔✔Stylet is
used to feed. It pierces the plant, and draws nutrients from
the plant.
List two groups of nematodes by common name that exhibit
sexual dimorphism. - ANSWER✔✔Cyst and root-knot
nematodes
Describe the differences in shape between males and females
in nematodes that exhibit sexual dimorphism. -
ANSWER✔✔Males are veriform, whereas females are swollen.
Describe how nematodes move. - ANSWER✔✔Nematodes move
with snake-like movements in short distances. For long
distances, they move with infected material, water, and
equipment.
List the major environmental/ecological factors that influence
the time it takes a nematode to complete its life cycle. -
ANSWER✔✔Temperature, moisture, availability of food from
the host.
,Identify the host(s) of some non-plant parasitic nematodes. -
ANSWER✔✔Animals, humans, insects
Ectoparasite - ANSWER✔✔Nematode that feeds on the outside
of the plant.
Endoparasite - ANSWER✔✔Nematode that feeds on the inside
of the plant.
Describe methods for evaluating a postplant nematicide
application. - ANSWER✔✔Comparing treated and untreated
areas and yield
Describe methods for evaluating untested materials or new
control methods. - ANSWER✔✔Field trials
Quarantine nematodes - ANSWER✔✔Hemicycliophora arenaria
and Rotylenchulus reniformis
Anguina spp. - ANSWER✔✔Seed and leaf gall nematodes
Anguina spp. Host Range - ANSWER✔✔Wheat and Rye
Anguina spp. Life Cycle - ANSWER✔✔Sedentary endoparasites,
, diploit, amphimictic
Anguina spp. damage symptoms - ANSWER✔✔Seedlings
stunted, show rolling, twisting, and crinkling of leaves.
Growth distortion. Ears are undersized, shorter and thicker
than healthy ones.
Anguina spp. Management - ANSWER✔✔Mechanical seed
cleaning, avoid infested fields
Anguina spp. Economic significance - ANSWER✔✔Rare now
Aphelenchoides spp. - ANSWER✔✔Foliar nematodes
Aphelenchoides fragariae - ANSWER✔✔Strawberry bud
nematode
Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi - ANSWER✔✔Chysanthemum
nematode
Aphelenchoides spp. host range - ANSWER✔✔Wide host range
Aphelenchoides spp. Life Cycle - ANSWER✔✔Migratory
endoparasites in leaves, but also ectoparasitic feeding on leaf
and flower buds. Males required.
