Operative Dentistry (NDEB of Can) || with Complete Solution.
What is the critical pH of enamel? correct answers 5.5
What is the critical pH for dentin? correct answers 6.2
What bacterium is believed to be the primary causative agent of initial caries? correct answers
Non-motile, gram-positive Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)
What is the primary metabolite of S. mutans? correct answers Sucrose
Once enamel caries have been initiated, which organism becomes the primary bacterium for
caries progression? correct answers Lactobacillus
4 protective mechanisms of saliva: correct answers 1) Bacterial clearance 2) Buffering action 3)
Antimicrobial actions 4) Remineralization
What components of saliva destroys cell walls and causes membrane permeability of bacteria?
correct answers Lysozyme
Which component of saliva actively binds iron, which is important for bacterial enzyme
production and function? correct answers Lactoferrin
Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in saliva? correct answers IgA
What is the mechanism for which xylitol can reduce caries in high risk patients? correct answers
Prevents sucrose molecules from binding with S. mutans
Why should any cavitated lesions be replaced first before any antimicrobial compounds are
used? correct answers If antimicrobial agents are used first, they disrupt the normal flora and
allow the virulent organisms in the cavitated areas to flouirsh
,How should potential caries on the occlusal surface be evaluated? correct answers Visually or
radiographically
Which radiograph should be used for caries diagnosis? correct answers Bitewings
Smooth surface caries are more commonly seen on what surfaces? correct answers Facial and
lingual surfaces
How do incipient smooth surface caries usually present? correct answers White spot
How can incipient caries be differentiated from a local area of hypocalcification? correct answers
Wetting, incipient lesions will fade with wetting
In a caries susceptible patient, what surfaces of what specific teeth should be carefully evaluated
for caries activity? correct answers Gingival third of the facial surfaces of the maxillary posterior
teeth and the gingival third of the facial and lingual surfaces of the mandibular posterior teeth
What is the proper term from dentin found in arrested remineralized lesions? correct answers
Sclerotic
Active root caries usually spread in which direction? correct answers Laterally around the CEJ
What is the most common location for interproximal caries? correct answers Gingival to the
contact
For interproximal caries, which direction does the apex of the carious triangle face? correct
answers Towards the DEJ
, 5 phases of proper treatment planning: correct answers 1) Urgent Care 2) DIsease control 3)
Reevaluation 4) Definitive phase 5) Maintenance
For pit and fissures that appear noncavitated but there is a likely progression of caries, what is
the suitable form of treatment? correct answers Sealant, antimicrobial fluoride
What is the appropriate term for mechanical wear of teeth secondary to abnormal forces
(toothbrushing) correct answers Abrasion
What is the appropriate term for wear secondary to chemical presence? correct answers Erosion
What is the term for normal tooth wear? correct answers Attrition
What is the term for biomechanical loading causing loss of tooth structure in the cervical area?
correct answers Abfraction
7 scenarios where the treatment of abfraction should be considered: correct answers The area has
caries involvement 2) The defect is sufficiently deep to compromise the structural integrity of the
tooth 3) Intolerable sensitivity exists and is unresponsive to conservative desensitizing measures
4) The defect contributes a periodontal problem 5) The area is to be involved in the design of a
removable partial denture 6) The depth of the defect is judged to be close to the pulp 7) The
patient desires esthetic improvements
What is considered the most accepted theory of the cause of root-surface hypersensitivity?
correct answers Hydrodynamic theory
What is the hydrodynamic theory? correct answers Postulated that the pain results from indirect
innervation caused by dentinal fluid movement in the tubules that stimulates mechanoreceptors
near the predentin
What is the critical pH of enamel? correct answers 5.5
What is the critical pH for dentin? correct answers 6.2
What bacterium is believed to be the primary causative agent of initial caries? correct answers
Non-motile, gram-positive Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)
What is the primary metabolite of S. mutans? correct answers Sucrose
Once enamel caries have been initiated, which organism becomes the primary bacterium for
caries progression? correct answers Lactobacillus
4 protective mechanisms of saliva: correct answers 1) Bacterial clearance 2) Buffering action 3)
Antimicrobial actions 4) Remineralization
What components of saliva destroys cell walls and causes membrane permeability of bacteria?
correct answers Lysozyme
Which component of saliva actively binds iron, which is important for bacterial enzyme
production and function? correct answers Lactoferrin
Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in saliva? correct answers IgA
What is the mechanism for which xylitol can reduce caries in high risk patients? correct answers
Prevents sucrose molecules from binding with S. mutans
Why should any cavitated lesions be replaced first before any antimicrobial compounds are
used? correct answers If antimicrobial agents are used first, they disrupt the normal flora and
allow the virulent organisms in the cavitated areas to flouirsh
,How should potential caries on the occlusal surface be evaluated? correct answers Visually or
radiographically
Which radiograph should be used for caries diagnosis? correct answers Bitewings
Smooth surface caries are more commonly seen on what surfaces? correct answers Facial and
lingual surfaces
How do incipient smooth surface caries usually present? correct answers White spot
How can incipient caries be differentiated from a local area of hypocalcification? correct answers
Wetting, incipient lesions will fade with wetting
In a caries susceptible patient, what surfaces of what specific teeth should be carefully evaluated
for caries activity? correct answers Gingival third of the facial surfaces of the maxillary posterior
teeth and the gingival third of the facial and lingual surfaces of the mandibular posterior teeth
What is the proper term from dentin found in arrested remineralized lesions? correct answers
Sclerotic
Active root caries usually spread in which direction? correct answers Laterally around the CEJ
What is the most common location for interproximal caries? correct answers Gingival to the
contact
For interproximal caries, which direction does the apex of the carious triangle face? correct
answers Towards the DEJ
, 5 phases of proper treatment planning: correct answers 1) Urgent Care 2) DIsease control 3)
Reevaluation 4) Definitive phase 5) Maintenance
For pit and fissures that appear noncavitated but there is a likely progression of caries, what is
the suitable form of treatment? correct answers Sealant, antimicrobial fluoride
What is the appropriate term for mechanical wear of teeth secondary to abnormal forces
(toothbrushing) correct answers Abrasion
What is the appropriate term for wear secondary to chemical presence? correct answers Erosion
What is the term for normal tooth wear? correct answers Attrition
What is the term for biomechanical loading causing loss of tooth structure in the cervical area?
correct answers Abfraction
7 scenarios where the treatment of abfraction should be considered: correct answers The area has
caries involvement 2) The defect is sufficiently deep to compromise the structural integrity of the
tooth 3) Intolerable sensitivity exists and is unresponsive to conservative desensitizing measures
4) The defect contributes a periodontal problem 5) The area is to be involved in the design of a
removable partial denture 6) The depth of the defect is judged to be close to the pulp 7) The
patient desires esthetic improvements
What is considered the most accepted theory of the cause of root-surface hypersensitivity?
correct answers Hydrodynamic theory
What is the hydrodynamic theory? correct answers Postulated that the pain results from indirect
innervation caused by dentinal fluid movement in the tubules that stimulates mechanoreceptors
near the predentin
