Exam (elaborations) 2026 Certified Wound Care
Nurse (CWCN Certification Exam) by WOCNCB
New Latest Version with All 120 Questions,
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Terms in this set (159)
what are 6 risk factor components sensory perception, moisture, mobility, activity,
of Braden Scale for pressure ulcer? nutrition, and shear/friction
What is the name of the NPUAP (national pressure ulcer advisory panel)
organization that developed the
pressure ulcer staging?
pathological effect of excessive tissue tolerance, duration of pressure, and
pressure on soft tissue can be intensity of pressure
attributed by 3 factors? what are
they?
what are the extrinsic factors that increase in moisture, friction and shearing
impact pressure ulcers?
how does friction play a role in friction alone causes only superfical abrasion, but
shearing which eventually leads to with gravity it plays a synergistic effect leading to
pressure ulcer? shearing. When gravity pushes down on the body
and resistance (friction) between the patient and
surface is exerted, shearing occurs. because skin
does not freely move, primary effect of shearing
occurs at the deeper fascial level.
,what are the intrisinc factors of nutritional debilitation, advanced age, low BP,
pressur ulcers? stress, smoking, elevated body temperature
Aging skin undergoes what dermoepidermal junction flattens, less nutrient
elements affecting risk for pressure exchange occurs, less resistance to shearing,
ulcer? changes in sensory perception, loss of dermal
thickness, increased vascular fragility; ability of
soft tisuse to distribute mechanical load w/out
comprosing blood flow is impaired
What does nonblanching erythema when pressure is applied to the erythematic area
indicate in the skin r/t PU? skin becomes white (blanched), but once
relieved, erythema returns -indicating blood flow;
however in nonblanching erythema, skin does not
blanche-indicating impaired blood flow-
suggesting tissue destructon
why does sitting in a chair pose deep tissue injury or PU is likely to occur sooner
more of a risk in skin break down sitting down because tissue offloading over
than lying? boney prominences is higher
Describe what you will see in deep purple or maroon localized area of discolored
tissue injury? intact skin skinor blood filled blister; may be
preceded by painful, firm, mushy, or boggy; skin
may be warmer to cooler in adjacent tissue. In
dark skin, thin blister or eschar over a dark wound
bed may bee seen
Describe stage I pressure ulcer? Intact skin with nonblanchable redness of
localized area. Will not see blanching in dark skin,
but changes in skin tissue consistency (firm vs
boggy when palpated), sensation (pain), and
warmer or cooler temperature may differ from
surrounding area
, Describe stage II pressure ulcer? partial-thickness wound where epidermis and tip
of dermis is lost with red-pink wound bed w/out
slough. may also present as intact or
open/ruptured serum -filled blister
Describe stage III pressure ulcer? full-thickness wound where both epidermis and
dermis is lost and subcutaneous tissue may be
visible, but deeper structures such as muscle,
bone, and tendon are not exposed; slough my
be present but it doesn't obscure depth and
tunneling and undermining may be present
Describe stage IV pressure ulcer? full-thickness wound with exposed bone,tendon,
and muscle; slough or eschar may be seen in
some parts of the wound bed. you will often see
tunneling and undermining. Osteomyelitis may be
dxed at this stage, since bone is palpable
Describe unstageble ulcers? full-thickness wound where base of the ulcer is
covered by slough and/or eschar, obscuring
depth
When should eschars not be when it's stable with dry, adherent, and intact
removed? w/out erythema on the heel; this serves as the
body's natural cover and should not be removed.
Therapeutic function of pressure immersion and envelopement
distribution is accomplised by what
2 factors?
Define immersion? depth of penetration or skining into surgace
allowing pressure to be spread out over
surrounding area rather than directly over boney
prominence
Nurse (CWCN Certification Exam) by WOCNCB
New Latest Version with All 120 Questions,
Correct Answers and Rati
Save
Terms in this set (159)
what are 6 risk factor components sensory perception, moisture, mobility, activity,
of Braden Scale for pressure ulcer? nutrition, and shear/friction
What is the name of the NPUAP (national pressure ulcer advisory panel)
organization that developed the
pressure ulcer staging?
pathological effect of excessive tissue tolerance, duration of pressure, and
pressure on soft tissue can be intensity of pressure
attributed by 3 factors? what are
they?
what are the extrinsic factors that increase in moisture, friction and shearing
impact pressure ulcers?
how does friction play a role in friction alone causes only superfical abrasion, but
shearing which eventually leads to with gravity it plays a synergistic effect leading to
pressure ulcer? shearing. When gravity pushes down on the body
and resistance (friction) between the patient and
surface is exerted, shearing occurs. because skin
does not freely move, primary effect of shearing
occurs at the deeper fascial level.
,what are the intrisinc factors of nutritional debilitation, advanced age, low BP,
pressur ulcers? stress, smoking, elevated body temperature
Aging skin undergoes what dermoepidermal junction flattens, less nutrient
elements affecting risk for pressure exchange occurs, less resistance to shearing,
ulcer? changes in sensory perception, loss of dermal
thickness, increased vascular fragility; ability of
soft tisuse to distribute mechanical load w/out
comprosing blood flow is impaired
What does nonblanching erythema when pressure is applied to the erythematic area
indicate in the skin r/t PU? skin becomes white (blanched), but once
relieved, erythema returns -indicating blood flow;
however in nonblanching erythema, skin does not
blanche-indicating impaired blood flow-
suggesting tissue destructon
why does sitting in a chair pose deep tissue injury or PU is likely to occur sooner
more of a risk in skin break down sitting down because tissue offloading over
than lying? boney prominences is higher
Describe what you will see in deep purple or maroon localized area of discolored
tissue injury? intact skin skinor blood filled blister; may be
preceded by painful, firm, mushy, or boggy; skin
may be warmer to cooler in adjacent tissue. In
dark skin, thin blister or eschar over a dark wound
bed may bee seen
Describe stage I pressure ulcer? Intact skin with nonblanchable redness of
localized area. Will not see blanching in dark skin,
but changes in skin tissue consistency (firm vs
boggy when palpated), sensation (pain), and
warmer or cooler temperature may differ from
surrounding area
, Describe stage II pressure ulcer? partial-thickness wound where epidermis and tip
of dermis is lost with red-pink wound bed w/out
slough. may also present as intact or
open/ruptured serum -filled blister
Describe stage III pressure ulcer? full-thickness wound where both epidermis and
dermis is lost and subcutaneous tissue may be
visible, but deeper structures such as muscle,
bone, and tendon are not exposed; slough my
be present but it doesn't obscure depth and
tunneling and undermining may be present
Describe stage IV pressure ulcer? full-thickness wound with exposed bone,tendon,
and muscle; slough or eschar may be seen in
some parts of the wound bed. you will often see
tunneling and undermining. Osteomyelitis may be
dxed at this stage, since bone is palpable
Describe unstageble ulcers? full-thickness wound where base of the ulcer is
covered by slough and/or eschar, obscuring
depth
When should eschars not be when it's stable with dry, adherent, and intact
removed? w/out erythema on the heel; this serves as the
body's natural cover and should not be removed.
Therapeutic function of pressure immersion and envelopement
distribution is accomplised by what
2 factors?
Define immersion? depth of penetration or skining into surgace
allowing pressure to be spread out over
surrounding area rather than directly over boney
prominence
