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Module 5 - Motor System Verified and
Updated Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
The pyramidal system is involved in
Answer: the execution of movement.
Volitional movement is initiated in the
Answer: cortex (where neuron cell bodies reside), and axonal pathways descend to
the brainstem and spinal cord where they synapse on motor neurons that
subsequently innervate muscles resulting in movement
The premotor cortex
Answer: The planning area of movement occurs in a region of the cortex anterior to
the primary motor cortex.
The premotor cortex needs information from
Answer: higher order association areas from the visual and somatosensory systems
to adequately plan movement
After info goes to the premotor cortex, it is sent to
Answer: the motor cortex, and then the motor neurons (which carry out the
movement)
Neurons in the primary motor cortex initiate movement of the
Answer: contralateral side of the
body.
As axons leave the primary motor cortex, they are referred to as
Answer: corticospinal fibers.
In the caudal medulla, most of the fibers of
the corticospinal tract cross over to the opposite side in the
Answer: pyramidal decussation.
Once they cross, fibers enter the
Answer: spinal cord, forming the lateral corticospinal tract
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The descending axons then synapse on
Answer: anterior horn cells (AHCs), motor neurons that lie in the ventral horn gray
matter of the spinal cord.
AHCs then project axons to
Answer: muscle fibers to produce movement
A single AHC and all the muscle fibers that it innervates is referred to as a
Answer: motor unit.
A lesion involving the corticospinal tract in the left hemisphere of the brain (e.g., a
stroke) results in
Answer: right-sided weakness.
A lesion of the left LCST at the upper cervical cord results in
Answer: ipsilateral weakness of
the whole left side of the body.
A lesion of the left LCST at the thoracic cord (e.g., at level T6) results in
Answer: ipsilateral weakness of the left side at and below T6.
Neurons that give rise to axons in the corticospinal tract (and lateral corticospinal
tract) are referred to
Answer: as upper motor neurons (UMNs).
Motor neurons that innervate muscle
fibers (e.g., AHCs) are referred to as
Answer: lower motor neurons (LMNs).
UMN lesions result in
Answer: spastic weakness:
• Weakness (paresis) or paralysis (plegia); affects groups of muscles.
• Alterations in reflex responses and muscle tone:
Alterations in reflex responses and muscle tone:
Answer: o Spasticity
o Hypertonia and hyperreflexia
Module 5 - Motor System Verified and
Updated Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
The pyramidal system is involved in
Answer: the execution of movement.
Volitional movement is initiated in the
Answer: cortex (where neuron cell bodies reside), and axonal pathways descend to
the brainstem and spinal cord where they synapse on motor neurons that
subsequently innervate muscles resulting in movement
The premotor cortex
Answer: The planning area of movement occurs in a region of the cortex anterior to
the primary motor cortex.
The premotor cortex needs information from
Answer: higher order association areas from the visual and somatosensory systems
to adequately plan movement
After info goes to the premotor cortex, it is sent to
Answer: the motor cortex, and then the motor neurons (which carry out the
movement)
Neurons in the primary motor cortex initiate movement of the
Answer: contralateral side of the
body.
As axons leave the primary motor cortex, they are referred to as
Answer: corticospinal fibers.
In the caudal medulla, most of the fibers of
the corticospinal tract cross over to the opposite side in the
Answer: pyramidal decussation.
Once they cross, fibers enter the
Answer: spinal cord, forming the lateral corticospinal tract
, Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
The descending axons then synapse on
Answer: anterior horn cells (AHCs), motor neurons that lie in the ventral horn gray
matter of the spinal cord.
AHCs then project axons to
Answer: muscle fibers to produce movement
A single AHC and all the muscle fibers that it innervates is referred to as a
Answer: motor unit.
A lesion involving the corticospinal tract in the left hemisphere of the brain (e.g., a
stroke) results in
Answer: right-sided weakness.
A lesion of the left LCST at the upper cervical cord results in
Answer: ipsilateral weakness of
the whole left side of the body.
A lesion of the left LCST at the thoracic cord (e.g., at level T6) results in
Answer: ipsilateral weakness of the left side at and below T6.
Neurons that give rise to axons in the corticospinal tract (and lateral corticospinal
tract) are referred to
Answer: as upper motor neurons (UMNs).
Motor neurons that innervate muscle
fibers (e.g., AHCs) are referred to as
Answer: lower motor neurons (LMNs).
UMN lesions result in
Answer: spastic weakness:
• Weakness (paresis) or paralysis (plegia); affects groups of muscles.
• Alterations in reflex responses and muscle tone:
Alterations in reflex responses and muscle tone:
Answer: o Spasticity
o Hypertonia and hyperreflexia
