HYPOTHALAMUS TO PITUITARY AXIS (HPA) AND THYROID CERTIFICATION TEST PAPER 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A

HYPOTHALAMUS TO PITUITARY AXIS
(HPA) AND THYROID CERTIFICATION
TEST PAPER 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+

● HPT Axis components. Answer: Hypothalamus, anterior pituitary,
thyroid gland


● TRH (Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone). Answer: Hormone released
by the hypothalamus that stimulates the anterior pituitary


● TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone). Answer: Hormone released by
the anterior pituitary that stimulates the thyroid gland


● Thyroid hormones (TH). Answer: T3 and T4; hormones released by
the thyroid gland


● Target organs of thyroid hormone. Answer: Almost every cell in the
body


● Type of feedback in the HPT axis. Answer: Negative feedback

, ● HPT axis hormone pathway. Answer: Hypothalamus releases TRH →
anterior pituitary releases TSH → thyroid gland releases T3 and T4 →
target tissues respond


● Overall effect of thyroid hormone. Answer: Increases metabolism and
body temperature


● How thyroid hormone affects upstream hormones. Answer: Thyroid
hormone feeds back to shut off TRH and TSH release


● Role of thyroid hormone in the body. Answer: Sets the metabolic
'pace' of the body


● Cellular effect of thyroid hormone. Answer: Increases cellular energy
use


● Effect of thyroid hormone on oxygen use. Answer: Cells use more
oxygen


● Effect of thyroid hormone on ATP. Answer: ATP production increases


● Effect of thyroid hormone on basal metabolic rate. Answer: Basal
metabolic rate increases