FST 1 - Final Exam with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
Nutrients: ✔Correct Answer-chemical substances in food that provide:
-energy
-materials to build and maintain body
macronutrients needed in:
micronutrients: ✔Correct Answer--grams
-milligrams or microgram
6 classes of nutrients ✔Correct Answer--carbohydrates
-lipids
-vitamins
-minerals
-proteins
-water
Major minerals ✔Correct Answer--Calcium, phosphorus, potassium
>100 mg
Trace minerals ✔Correct Answer--iron, iodine, zinc
-<100mg
Vitamins functions in the body: ✔Correct Answer--regulate chemical reactions
-required in small amounts in diet
13 Vitamins classified as ✔Correct Answer-- fat soluble: A D E K
-water soluble B & C
Vitamin A ✔Correct Answer--found only in foods of animal origin (beef and chicken liver, fish,
fortified milk)
-plant foods contain provitamin A carotenoids
-carotenoids are natural pigments w/ colors from yellow/orange/red
-some carotenoids (beta and alpha carotene) can be converted to vitamin A by the body
^ these are called provitamin A carotenoids (vit A precursors)
-beta carotene has highest provitamin A activity
Vitamin C ✔Correct Answer-- sources: citrus, green peppers, kiwi, strawberries
-deficiencies cause: scurvy, (bleeding gums, loose teeth, weakness) argh matey!
8 B vitamins: ✔Correct Answer-- key roles in energy metabolism
-Folate: B vitamin. term folate refers to several chemical forms of the vitamin. Folic acid is synthetic
form added to foods and supplements
Foods and enrichment and fortification ✔Correct Answer-enrichment: nutrients lost are replaced
(ex. flour enriched with vitamins b1,b2 folic acid,iron)
-fortification: nutrients added to a food where they werent originally (ex. orange juice)
, 1 calorie = ✔Correct Answer-amount it takes to raise 1 g of water temp. 1 degree C
kilocalorie = ✔Correct Answer-amount it takes to raise temp of 1000 mg water by 1 degree
- 1 kcal = 4.2 kJ
Carbohydrates energy yield ✔Correct Answer-4 kcal/g
Lipids ✔Correct Answer-9 kcal/g
Proteins ✔Correct Answer-4 kcal/g
Alcohol ✔Correct Answer-7 kcal/g
Water ✔Correct Answer--essential nutrient
-solvent
-reaction medium
-transport nutrients to cells and remove waste
-temp. regulation
-polar (forms H bonds with other water)
Carbohydrates ✔Correct Answer--most abundant organic compound on earth
-major source of energy for the body
-provide > 50% calories
-important functions in food: sweetening, thickening, gel formation
carbohydrates classified as ✔Correct Answer--simple sugars (mono and di saccharides)
-oligosaccharides
-polysaccharides
Monosaccharides: ✔Correct Answer-- most simple carb
- backbone of 3-8 carbon atoms
-most common GLCOSE FRUCTOSE GALACTOSE
disaccharides: ✔Correct Answer--formed by 2 units of monsacc. joined with a glycosidic bond
- SUCROSE: GF (glucose fructose)
-LACTOSE: GG (glucose galactose)
Oligosaccharides:
Polysaccharides: ✔Correct Answer--contain 3-10 sugar units
- contain > 10 units (up to thousands)
ex. Starch (energy reserve of plants)
cellulose: component of cell walls
pectin: cell walls and between cells
various gums from plants and seaweeds
starch: ✔Correct Answer-- polymer formed by glucose units
- formed by two types of chain:
amylose: linear chain
amylopecctin: branched chain
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
Nutrients: ✔Correct Answer-chemical substances in food that provide:
-energy
-materials to build and maintain body
macronutrients needed in:
micronutrients: ✔Correct Answer--grams
-milligrams or microgram
6 classes of nutrients ✔Correct Answer--carbohydrates
-lipids
-vitamins
-minerals
-proteins
-water
Major minerals ✔Correct Answer--Calcium, phosphorus, potassium
>100 mg
Trace minerals ✔Correct Answer--iron, iodine, zinc
-<100mg
Vitamins functions in the body: ✔Correct Answer--regulate chemical reactions
-required in small amounts in diet
13 Vitamins classified as ✔Correct Answer-- fat soluble: A D E K
-water soluble B & C
Vitamin A ✔Correct Answer--found only in foods of animal origin (beef and chicken liver, fish,
fortified milk)
-plant foods contain provitamin A carotenoids
-carotenoids are natural pigments w/ colors from yellow/orange/red
-some carotenoids (beta and alpha carotene) can be converted to vitamin A by the body
^ these are called provitamin A carotenoids (vit A precursors)
-beta carotene has highest provitamin A activity
Vitamin C ✔Correct Answer-- sources: citrus, green peppers, kiwi, strawberries
-deficiencies cause: scurvy, (bleeding gums, loose teeth, weakness) argh matey!
8 B vitamins: ✔Correct Answer-- key roles in energy metabolism
-Folate: B vitamin. term folate refers to several chemical forms of the vitamin. Folic acid is synthetic
form added to foods and supplements
Foods and enrichment and fortification ✔Correct Answer-enrichment: nutrients lost are replaced
(ex. flour enriched with vitamins b1,b2 folic acid,iron)
-fortification: nutrients added to a food where they werent originally (ex. orange juice)
, 1 calorie = ✔Correct Answer-amount it takes to raise 1 g of water temp. 1 degree C
kilocalorie = ✔Correct Answer-amount it takes to raise temp of 1000 mg water by 1 degree
- 1 kcal = 4.2 kJ
Carbohydrates energy yield ✔Correct Answer-4 kcal/g
Lipids ✔Correct Answer-9 kcal/g
Proteins ✔Correct Answer-4 kcal/g
Alcohol ✔Correct Answer-7 kcal/g
Water ✔Correct Answer--essential nutrient
-solvent
-reaction medium
-transport nutrients to cells and remove waste
-temp. regulation
-polar (forms H bonds with other water)
Carbohydrates ✔Correct Answer--most abundant organic compound on earth
-major source of energy for the body
-provide > 50% calories
-important functions in food: sweetening, thickening, gel formation
carbohydrates classified as ✔Correct Answer--simple sugars (mono and di saccharides)
-oligosaccharides
-polysaccharides
Monosaccharides: ✔Correct Answer-- most simple carb
- backbone of 3-8 carbon atoms
-most common GLCOSE FRUCTOSE GALACTOSE
disaccharides: ✔Correct Answer--formed by 2 units of monsacc. joined with a glycosidic bond
- SUCROSE: GF (glucose fructose)
-LACTOSE: GG (glucose galactose)
Oligosaccharides:
Polysaccharides: ✔Correct Answer--contain 3-10 sugar units
- contain > 10 units (up to thousands)
ex. Starch (energy reserve of plants)
cellulose: component of cell walls
pectin: cell walls and between cells
various gums from plants and seaweeds
starch: ✔Correct Answer-- polymer formed by glucose units
- formed by two types of chain:
amylose: linear chain
amylopecctin: branched chain
