(2026)
Full-Length Practice Test with Questions, Answers, and Rational
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client’s nutritional status. Which lab value best reflects short-
term nutritional changes? A. Albumin B. Prealbumin C. Hemoglobin D. Hematocrit
Answer: B. Prealbumin Rationale: Prealbumin has a shorter half-life, making it a better
indicator of recent nutritional changes.
Question 2
A client with heart failure is prescribed a low-sodium diet. What is the priority
teaching? A. Avoid processed foods B. Increase water intake C. Eat more protein D. Take
supplements
Answer: A. Avoid processed foods Rationale: Processed foods contain high sodium, increasing
fluid retention.
Question 3
Which nutrient is most important for wound healing? A. Fat B. Carbohydrates C. Protein D.
Fiber
Answer: C. Protein Rationale: Protein supports tissue repair and regeneration.
Question 4
A client with diabetes should prioritize which diet strategy? A. High sugar intake B.
Carbohydrate control
C. High fat intake D. Skipping meals
Answer: B. Carbohydrate control Rationale: Carbohydrates directly affect blood glucose levels.
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, Question 5
Which vitamin deficiency leads to impaired night vision? A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin D C.
Vitamin A D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Vitamin A Rationale: Vitamin A is essential for vision in low-light conditions.
Question 6
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease. Which diet is appropriate? A.
High protein B. Low sodium, controlled protein C. High potassium D. High phosphorus
Answer: B. Low sodium, controlled protein Rationale: Reduces kidney workload and prevents
complications.
Question 7 (SATA)
Which foods are high in potassium? A. Bananas B. Oranges C. Rice D. Potatoes
Answer: A, B, D Rationale: These foods are rich in potassium.
Question 8
Which condition requires a gluten-free diet? A. Diabetes B. Hypertension C. Celiac disease
D. GERD
Answer: C. Celiac disease Rationale: Gluten damages intestinal lining in this condition.
Question 9
Which nutrient provides the most energy per gram? A. Protein B. Carbohydrates C. Fat D.
Vitamins
Answer: C. Fat Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal/gram.
Question 10
A nurse identifies dehydration. Which finding supports this? A. Edema B. Tachycardia C.
Weight gain D. Crackles
Answer: B. Tachycardia Rationale: Fluid loss leads to compensatory increased heart rate.
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