NURS 180 / NURS180 Week 1 Quiz (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Pharmacology | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Solutions | Grade A | WCU

NURS 180 / NURS180 Week 1 Quiz (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Pharmacology | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Solutions | Grade A | WCU Q: Drugs may elicit different responses depending on individual client factors. List these factors. Answer Age Sex Body mass Health Status Genetics Q: Physician has prescribed a brand name drug for the client. The client tells the nurse that the medication is too expensive. What is the best plan by the nurse? Answer Have the doctor prescribe the generic version Q: The nurse is teaching a class for clients about OTC medications. How does the nurse determine that education has been effective? Answer Read all the labels carefully Call physician if there are any questions Advantages: No health care provider appointment required Often less expensive than prescription drugs Patients can treat themselves safely if they follow directions on the label Call MD if instructions are unclear Disadvantages: Patient may choose wrong drug Patient may not know reactions or interactions Ineffective treatment may result in progression of disease Q: Define pharmacotherapeutics. Answer The application of drugs for the purpose of treating disease and the treatment of suffering. Q: List examples of complement therapy. Answer Natural plant extracts Herbs Vitamins Minerals Dietary supplements Acupuncture Biofeedback Hypnosis Massage Therapeutic touch Q: Describe the term "therapeutic." Answer Relating to the healing of disease Q: Describe the prototype drug approach. Answer It is well understood Has known action and adverse effects Used to compare other drugs in the same pharmacologic class May not be most widely used drug in its class Disagreements may exist over which drug should be the prototype drug Q: Describe mechanism of action. Answer It is how a drug produces an effect within the body. Q: List examples of medication trade names. Answer Proprietary or band names: written in upper case letters Examples: Tylenol, Benadryl, Aleve, Advil, Motrin Q: How does a laboratory become an FDA laboratory? Answer Laboratory Accreditation for Analysis of Foods (LAAF) establishes a laboratory accreditation program for the testing of food in certain circumstances. Under the program, the FDA will recognize accreditation bodies that will accredit laboratories to the standards established. Q: Describe clinical investigation. Answer Takes place in 3 different stages Longest part of approval process Evaluates human benefits Tests on healthy humans first, then on those with the target ailment Q: Define controlled substances. Answer Restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 Are frequently abused Have a high potential for addiction & dependence Have restricted use Placed into one of five schedules Q: What are schedule 2 medications? Answer May be dispersed only in cases where therapeutic value has been determines Drugs, substances, or chemicals defined as drugs with high potential for abuse Potentially lead to severe psychological or physical dependence Considered dangerous Dilaudid, methadone, meperidine, morphon Q: What is the preclinical investigation for medication testing? Answer Involves laboratory research Tests done on cells & animals Determines drug-dose range Examines adverse effects Results considered inconclusive Median Lethal dose Q: List the names of drugs that have the highest potential of addiction. Answer Controlled substances Heroin Lysergic acid diethylamide Marijuana Peyote Methaqualone 3,4-methylphenidate (ecstasy) Q: Describe physical dependence to medication. Answer The presence of physical withdrawal symptoms are seen when a person is physically dependent on a drug and the drug is removed. Muscle tremors Q: List the 5 rights of medication administration. Answer Patient Medication Dose Route Time Q: What are the important points to medication administration that ensure patient safety? Answer Verify orders before drug administration Know how to prepare and administer drug safely Before drug is administered, the nurse must know all variables of the patient's condition Be prepared to recognize and react to adverse effects Q: What does the nurse do if the wrong medication is ordered for NG tube administration? Answer Assess the patient Report the error Document the error in an incident report Q: How many mls are in 2 tsps? Answer 10 ml Q: What are the effects of the medication on patients that are malnourished? Answer May alter pharmacokinetic processes and drug responses, resulting in toxicity. 1 tsp = how many mls? Answer 5 ml Why are medications with the highest therapeutic index the safest medications? Answer There is a large therapeutic window between the effective concentration and the toxic concentration of a medication, so the drug is relatively safe. What labs are important to assess for medication administration to older patients? Answer Kidney and liver function tests What action does the nurse take when administering a medication in the morning that should be administered at night? Answer Notify the provider right away What does phase 1 of the clinical trial indicate? Answer The highest dose of the new treatment that can be safely given without causing severe side effects What organ is responsible for biotransformation of a drug? Answer Liver What action occurs with the initial transformation of a drug? Answer Metabolism Describe the pharmacological classification of a drug? Answer Based on the drug's mechanism of action or how the drug produces its effect At molecular, tissue, or body-system level More specific than therapeutic classification During a medication review session, a patient states "I do not know why I am taking all of these pills." Based on this piece of subjective data, what problem will the nurse identify? a. Pain b. Knowledge c. Fatigue d. Anxiety b. Knowledge The nurse is developing a list of the patient's expected outcomes. Which is the best expected outcome for this patient? a. The patient will self-administer albuterol by taking deep breath before inhaling b. The patient will self-administer albuterol by the end of the second teaching session c. The patient will independently self-administer the prescribed dose of albuterol by the end of the second teaching session d. The patient will organize their medications according to the time each medication is due c. The patient will independently self-administer the prescribed dose of albuterol by the end of the second teaching session When developing an effective medication teaching plan, which component will the nurse identify as most essential? a. Written instructions b. The patient's readiness to learn c. Use of colorful charts d. A review of community resources b. The patient's readiness to learn When developing an individualized medication teaching plan, which topics will the nurse include? a. Adherence to the prescribed drug regimen? b. Always using the prescribed drug route c. Knowing adverse side effects to report to doctor d. Always doubling the next dose if drug is missed e. Telling the doctor when taking OTC supplements a. Adherence to the prescribed drug regimen? b. Always using the prescribed drug route c. Knowing adverse side effects to report to doctor e. Telling the doctor when taking OTC supplements The Nursing Alliance for Quality Care's main focus is for health care providers to strive for which goal? a. Quality in medication administration b. Confidentiality as determined by the patient c. Development of a patient relationship/family engagement d. Patient independence within the family of origin c. Development of a patient relationship/family engagement Which teaching strategy is most likely to succeed in health teaching with the patient and family? a. Know the reason why each drug was ordered b. Have patients learn the generic name of each pill c. A repeat demonstration should follow the nurse's teaching d. Have the patient identify the number and color of the pills c. A repeat demonstration should follow the nurse's teaching Prioritize the steps of the Clinical Judgment a. Generate solutions (planning) b. Analyze cues (analysis) c. Recognize cues (assessment) d. Prioritize hypothesis (analysis) e. Evaluate outcomes (evaluation) f. Take action (intervention) c. Recognize cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues (analysis) d. Prioritize hypothesis (analysis) a. Generate solutions (planning) f. Take action (intervention) e. Evaluate outcomes (evaluation) The nurse in the clinical research setting is knowledgeable about ethical principles and protection of human subjects. What principle is demonstrated by ensuring the patient's right to self-determination? a. Beneficence b. Respect for persons c. Justice d. Informed consent b. Respect for persons The research nurse is meeting with a patient and determines, based on the assessment, that the patient meets inclusion criteria for clinical research. The patient agrees to participate in the clinical trial. The nurse advises the patient that which member of the health care team has the responsibility to explain the study and respond to questions? a. Registered nurse b. Pharmacist c. Research associate d. Health care provider d. Health care provider The clinical research nurse knows that only a small portion of drugs survive the research and development process. An appreciation of the process and associated costs grows when the nurse is aware that approximately one in how many potential drugs is approved by the US FDA? a. 100 b. 1000 c. 10,000 d. 100,000 c. 10,000 The nurse is interviewing a patient in a Phase I clinical trial. Which patient statement indicates an understanding of this trial phase? a. I am doing this to be sure this drug is safe. b. I am doing this to be sure this drug is affective. c. I hope this drug is better than the current treatment. d. I can be part of demonstrating a cure. a. I am doing this to be sure this drug is safe. The foundation of clinical trials, Good Clinical Practice, is a helpful resource for nurses. The nurse is correct in choosing Good Clinical Practice as a reference for standards in which areas? (Select all that apply.) a. Design b. Monitoring and auditing c. Analyses d. Reporting e. Outcomes evaluation a. Design b. Monitoring and auditing c. Analyses d. Reporting The nurse researcher reviews the proposed informed consent form for a future clinical trial. The nurse expects to find which in the document? (Select all that apply.) a. Description of benefits and risks b. Identification of related drugs, treatments, and techniques c. Description of outcomes d. Statement of compensation for participants, if any e. Description of serious risks a. Description of benefits and risks b. Identification of related drugs, treatments, and techniques d. Statement of compensation for participants, if any e. Description of serious risks The nurse knows that the patient should be informed about the risks and benefits related to clinical research. What ethical principles does this describe? a. Respect for the persons b. Justice c. Beneficence d. Informed consent c. Beneficence The nurse is reviewing a patient's list of medications and notes that several have the highest abuse potential. According to US standards, the highest potential for abuse of drugs with accepted medical uses is found in drugs included in which schedule? a. II b. III c. IV d. V a. II The nurse is reviewing the drug approval process in the US and learns that the FDA Modernization Act of 1977 contains which provisions? (Select all that apply.) a. Review of new drugs is accelerated b. Drug companies must provide information on off-label use of drugs c. Privacy of individually identifiable health information must be protected d. Drug companies must offer advanced notice of plans to discontinue drugs e. Drug labels must describe side effects and adverse effects a. Review of new drugs is accelerated b. Drug companies must provide information on off-label use of drugs d. Drug companies must offer advanced notice of plans to discontinue drugs The patient has questions about counterfeit drugs. Which factors alert the patient or nurse that a drug is counterfeit or adulterated? (Select all that apply.) a. Variations in packaging b. Unexpected side effects c. Different taste d. Different chemical components e. Different odor a. Variations in packaging b. Unexpected side effects c. Different taste The nurse knows the importance of administering the right medication to the patient and that drugs have many names. It is therefore most important that drugs be ordered by which name? a. Generic b. Brand c. Trade d. Chemical a. Generic What provisions from the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 were designed to remedy drug abuse? a. The act established treatment and rehabilitation facilities. b. The act tightened controls on experimental drugs. c. The act required clinical trial data on drugs. d. The act required drug companies to give information on off-label use of drugs. a. The act established treatment and rehabilitation facilities. Which components of pharmacokinetics does the nurse need to understand before administering a drug? (Select all that apply.) a. Drugs w/smaller volume of drug distribution have a longer half-life. b. Oral drugs are dissolved through the process of pinocytosis. c. Patients w/kidney disease may have fewer protein-binding sites and are at risk for drug toxicity. d. Rapid absorption decreases the bioavailability of the drug. e. When the drug metabolism rate is decreased, excess drug accumulation can occur, which can cause toxicity. c. Patients w/kidney disease may have fewer protein-binding sites and are at risk for drug toxicity. e. When the drug metabolism rate is decreased, excess drug accumulation can occur, which can cause toxicity. The nurse will question the health care provider if a drug with a half-life ( t ½) of more than 24 hours is ordered to be given more than how often? a. Once daily b. Every other day c. Twice weekly d. Once weekly a. Once daily The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct? a. Water-soluble and ionized drugs are quickly absorbed b. A drug not bound to protein is an active drug c. Most receptors are found under the cell membrane d. Toxic effects can result if the trough level is low b. A drug not bound to protein is an active drug A Native American patient is newly diagnosed with type 2 DM and is prescribed the antidiabetic drug metformin 500 mg by mouth with morning and evening meals. Which statement best indicates to the nurse that the patient will adhere to the therapeutic regimen? a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help me be healthier b. If I take this medicine, I will feel better soon and won't have to take it anymore c. To reduce the possibility of damage to my body, I must take this medication as scheduled d. I have diabetes because of my ancestry, so there's not much I can do about it a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help me be healthier The nurse is aware that the rate of absorption can be changed by which actions? (Select all that apply.) a. Modifying gastric emptying time b. Changing gastric pH c. Decreasing inflammation d. Forming drug complexes e. Eating too slowly a. Modifying gastric emptying time b. Changing gastric pH d. Forming drug complexes The nurse is meeting with a community group about drug safety. The nurse must emphasize the patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.) a. Older patients b. Patients w/chronic health conditions c. Patients taking three or more drugs d. Patients dealing with only one pharmacy e. Patients covered by private insurance a. Older patients b. Patients w/chronic health conditions c. Patients taking three or more drugs The nurse recognizes that when a patient takes a hepatic enzyme inducer, the dose of warfarin is usually modified in which way? a. Increased b. Decreased c. Remains the same d. Unpredictable a. Increased The nurse is describing to a patient the synergistic effects of two of his medications. Which statement by the nurse is correct about synergistic drug effects? a. Two drugs have antagonist effects on each other b. The action of a drug is nullified by another drug c. One drug acts as an antidote to the side effects of another drug d. A greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined d. A greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined A patient asks the nurse about drug interactions with over-the-counter preparations. What is the nurse's best response? a. Discuss this with the health care provider. b. There are not many interactions, so don't worry about it. c. Read the labels carefully, and check with your healthcare provider. d. Avoid over-the-counter preparations. c. Read the labels carefully, and check with your healthcare provider. Codeine is an example of a(n) _______________ as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity. a. Agonist b. Prodrug c. Antagonist d. Enzyme b. Prodrug Which class of drug is clopidogrel? a. low-molecular-weight heparin b. vitamin K antagonist c. direct thrombin inhibitor d. inhibitor of platelet aggregation d. inhibitor of platelet aggregation Patients with HIV should receive genetic testing for the allele HLA-B*5701 before being treated with: a. abacavir b. tenofovir c. lamivudine d. rilpivirine a. abacavir Which are the clinical applications of pharmacogenetics? (Select all that apply.) a. Improve quality outcomes b. Customize patient plans of care c. Decrease adverse effects of drug therapy d. Reduce cost e. Decrease treatment failures All of them Which action should be taken with a patient prescribed mercaptopurine who has a deficiency of TPMT or NUDT15? a. The dose of mercaptopurine should be increased. b. The dose of mercaptopurine should be decreased. c. No change should be made to their dose of mercaptopurine. d. The dose of mercaptopurine should be decreased with TPMT deficiency and increased with NUDT15 deficiency. d. The dose of mercaptopurine should be decreased with TPMT deficiency and increased with NUDT15 deficiency. Which factors are taken into account in personalized medicine? (Select all that apply.) a. Pharmacogenetic profile b. Lifestyle choices c. Environmental factors d. Provider decision making e. Life expectancy a. Pharmacogenetic profile b. Lifestyle choices c. Environmental factors What provisions of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 are most important for the nurse to know related to patient health teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Clarified marketing regulations b. Reclassified herbs as dietary supplements c. Stated that herbal products can be marketed with suggested dosages d. Required that package labels give quality and strength of all contents a. Clarified marketing regulations b. Reclassified herbs as dietary supplements c. Stated that herbal products can be marketed with suggested dosages The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first? a. Discuss the cost of herbal products b. Instruct the patient to inform the HCP of all products taken c. Instruct the patient to stop taking all herbal products immediately d. Suggest that the patient taper off use of herbal products over the next 2 weeks b. Instruct the patient to inform the HCP of all products taken Labeling of herbal products is important. Which is an appropriate claim for an herbal product? a. Prevents diabetes b. Helps increase blood flow to the extremities c. Cures Alzheimer's disease d. Is safe for all b. Helps increase blood flow to the extremities The nurse is reviewing a patient's current medications. Which herbal products interfere with the action of anticoagulants? (Select all that apply.) a. Astragalus b. Garlic c. Ginger d. Licorice e. Ginkgo b. Garlic e. Ginkgo A patient being seen at a CV clinic mentions he takes garlic, which is reported to decrease cholesterol, BP, and heart disease. Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. I can just take garlic for my heart problems b. Garlic may provide some decrease in BP c. Garlic is very effective in preventing depression d. Garlic will not cure impotence a. I can just take garlic for my heart problems c. Garlic is very effective in preventing depression A 4-year-old patient is discharged on an oral liquid drug suspension of 4 mL per dose. Which device will the nurse recommend to ensure the highest level of accuracy in home administration of the drug? a. Measuring spoon b. Graduated medicine cup c. Household teaspoon d. Oral syringe d. Oral syringe The nurse understands the differences between drug excretion in children and that in adults. With this knowledge, what does the nurse consider when administering drugs to children? a. Most children need a high dose of drug, so the nurse will contact the HCP for an increase in the ordered dose b. Children excrete drugs rapidly, so the nurse must assess carefully for therapeutic effects of the drug c. The most important assessment is to evaluate for drug accumulation, because the excretion of drugs is slower in children d. Excretion of most drugs is the same in children as in adults, but assessments are important to avoid side effects c. The most important assessment is to evaluate for drug accumulation, because the excretion of drugs is slower in children A parent is learning to administer drug to a school-age child. Which strategy will the nurse teach the parent to achieve cooperation in a child of this age? a. Enlisting physical restraint b. Establishing drug contracts c. Providing age-appropriate explanations d. Tolerating violent reactions c. Providing age-appropriate explanations A nurse caring for a child with developmental delay prepares to teach the patient about prescribe drugs. Which actions are essential to ensure patient safety? (Select all that apply.) a. Assess the child's developmental age b. Assessed for side effects the same as those experienced by adults c. Consider the actions and uses of the drug d. Focus on the child's chronological age e. Involve the family in teaching sessions a. Assess the child's developmental age c. Consider the actions and uses of the drug e. Involve the family in teaching sessions The Principle of Atraumatic Care includes: (Select all that apply.) a. Pain management b. Collaborative care with family members c. Restraining infants to administer drugs d. Keeping the child apart from family members when administering drugs e. Reducing the child's stress during drug administration a. Pain management b. Collaborative care with family members e. Reducing the child's stress during drug administration Which of the following strategies are helpful when working with adolescent patients to promote adherence? (Select all that apply.) a. Allow flexibility in the treatment plan b. Use future-oriented examples and consequences to support they need for drug therapy c. Guarantee the adolescent patient privacy when obtaining history d. Set up a mutually developed drug contract e. Understanding the adolescent's sexual practice is not necessary to promote adherence a. Allow flexibility in the treatment plan d. Set up a mutually developed drug contract A patient has nine drugs prescribed to take daily. Which are common reasons for non adherence to the drug regimen in an older adult? (Select all that apply.) a. Taking multiple drugs at one time b. Impaired memory c. Decreased dexterity d. Increased mobility e. Increased visual acuity a. Taking multiple drugs at one time b. Impaired memory c. Decreased dexterity The nurse is reviewing a patient's list of drugs. The nurse understands that the older adult's slower absorption of oral drugs is primarily because of which phenomenon? a. Decreased cardiac output b. Increased gastric emptying time c. Decreased gastric blood flow d. Increased gastric acid secretion c. Decreased gastric blood flow The older adult patient has questions about oral drug metabolism. Information on what subject is most important to include in this patient's teaching plan? a. First-pass effect b. Enzyme function c. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) d. Motility a. First-pass effect An older patient has just started on hydrochlorothiazide and is advised by the health care provider to eat foods rich in potassium. What is the nurse's best recommendation of foods to eat? a. Cabbage and corn b. Bread and cheese c. Avocados and mushrooms d. Brown rice and fish c. Avocados and mushrooms The nurse is developing teaching materials for an 82-year-old African American man with macular degeneration, who is being discharged on two new drugs. Which strategies would be best to use to impart the information? (Select all that apply.) a. Limit distractions in the room when teaching b. Wait until discharge to teach so information is fresh in the memory c. Augment teaching with audio material d. Use "honey" and other terms of familiarity when addressing him to promote trust e. Use large, dark print on a light background for written material a. Limit distractions in the room when teaching c. Augment teaching with audio material e. Use large, dark print on a light background for written material What changes with aging alter drug distribution? (Select all that apply.) a. An increase in muscle mass and a decrease in fat b. A decrease in muscle mass and an increase in fat c. A decrease in serum albumin levels d. An increase in total body water e. A decrease in kidney mass b. A decrease in muscle mass and an increase in fat c. A decrease in serum albumin levels e. A decrease in kidney mass What factors contribute to poly pharmacy in older adults? (Select all that apply.) a. Multiple HCPs b. Multiple chronic diseases c. Use of a single pharmacy d. Care coordination by a nurse e. Few hospitalizations a. Multiple HCPs b. Multiple chronic diseases What is the best measure for the nurse to determine a patient's kidney function? a. Creatinine clearance b. Estimated GFR c. Serum creatine level d. BUN level b. Estimated GFR When caring for a patient recovering from an episode of opioid toxicity, the nurse determines that the patient has opioid use disorder based on which finding? a. Withdrawal symptoms b. A history of daily use c. Craving that results in drug-seeking behaviors d. Intravenous, rather than oral, use of the drug c. Craving that results in drug-seeking behaviors A patient hospitalized with a fractured femur following an automobile accident develops nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, and restlessness. The nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing which reaction? a. Opioid withdrawal b. Alcohol toxicity c. Flashbacks from LSD use d. Nicotine withdrawal a. Opioid withdrawal Which treatments will the nurse anticipate administering to a patient who has been admitted with alcohol toxicity? (Select all that apply.) a. Naloxone b. Thiamine c. Intravenous fluids d. Naltrexone e. Intravenous glucose solution f. Flumazenil b. Thiamine c. Intravenous fluids e. Intravenous glucose solution A nurse observes another nurse taking oral opioids from the medication room at the hospital. Which is the best action for the nurse who observes drug diversion to take? a. Report the finding to the nursing supervisor to enable the nurse's participation in a nondisciplinary program. b. Ignore the situation to protect the nurse from dismissal and possible loss of licensure. c. Confront the nurse and demand that the drugs be returned before someone notices their absence. d. Ask the nurse to request pain medications from a physician rather than stealing them from the hospital. a. Report the finding to the nursing supervisor to enable the nurse's participation in a nondisciplinary program. 5. A patient is to start disulfiram to help with alcohol use disorder. The nurse providing medication education about the drug will include which topics in the education plan? (Select all that apply.) a. Importance of taking the medication every day b. That better results are experienced when a support group helps with treatment adherence c. Common food and hygiene products that contain alcohol d. That disulfiram treatment should be stopped 1 day before alcohol consumption e. That disulfiram works by disrupting the metabolism of alcohol f. That use of alcohol with disulfiram may cause nausea and vomiting and may even be fatal a. Importance of taking the medication every day b. That better results are experienced when a support group helps with treatment adherence c. Common food and hygiene products that contain alcohol e. That disulfiram works by disrupting the metabolism of alcohol f. That use of alcohol with disulfiram may cause nausea and vomiting and may even be fatal The patient asks the nurse how to dispose of old medications. What should the nurse tell the patient? (Select all that apply) a. Mix old drugs with cat litter before disposing b. Flush the medications down the toilet c. Remove personal info from the bottle d. Add water and crush drugs before disposing e. Throw bottle of medications into the trash can a. Mix old drugs with cat litter before disposing c. Remove personal info from the bottle The nurse educator on the unit receives a list of high alert drugs. Which strategy is recommended to decrease the risk of errors? (Select all that apply) a. Store drugs on a shelf for quick retrieval b. Limit access to high-alert drugs c. Use special labels for high-alert drugs d. Provide increased training to staff e. Standardize the ordering and preparation b. Limit access to high-alert drugs c. Use special labels for high-alert drugs d. Provide increased training to staff e. Standardize the ordering and preparation The Joint Commission recommends which of the following abbreviations for the "Do Not Use" list? a. qd b. NPO c. Subling d. bid a. qd A patient refuses to take the prescribed medication. Which is the nurse's best response to this patient? a. Leave the medication at the patient's bedside b. Persuade the patient to take the medication c. Tell the patient there is no choice in the matter d. Explain the benefits and side effects of the drug d. Explain the benefits and side effects of the drug What information is essential for the nurse to document when giving drugs? (Select all that apply) a. Document all drugs given by the end of a shift b. Document the correct site of an injectable drug c. Document the patient's response to the drug d. Document the blood pressure before giving a drug e. Document the date, time, and dose drug is given b. Document the correct site of an injectable drug c. Document the patient's response to the drug d. Document the blood pressure before giving a drug e. Document the date, time, and dose drug is given The nurse prepares to administer medications. Which drug orders are complete? (Select all that apply) a. Aspirin 81 mg PO daily b. Multivitamin sustained c. Vitamin D 2,000 units PO d. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO tid e. Promethazine 25 mg IV STAT a. Aspirin 81 mg PO daily d. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO tid The Quality and Safety Education for Nurse's focus on safety is best exemplified by which competency? a. Patient advocacy b. Technology c. Infection control d. Collaborative patient and family care d. Collaborative patient and family care The nurse is administering oral medications to a patient. Which are important considerations? (Select all that apply.) a. Administer irritating drugs with food b. Avoid mixing medications in infant formula c. Enteric-coated capsules may be chewed or crushed d. Oral medications should be stopped if the patient is vomiting e. Cut all transdermal patches to the correct dose a. Administer irritating drugs with food b. Avoid mixing medications in infant formula d. Oral medications should be stopped if the patient is vomiting The clinical nurse is preparing to administer an intradermal injection. Which supplies are most appropriate for this procedure? a. 21 gauge, 5/8 inch needle b. 27 gauge, 5/8 inch needle and a 3-mL syringe c. 25 gauge needle and an insulin syringe d. 25 gauge needle and a tuberculin syringe d. 25 gauge needle and a tuberculin syringe The nurse is administering an intramuscular injection to a 5-year old child. Choose the correct site the nurse will use. a. Intravenous b. Dorsogluteal c. Deltoid d. Ventrogluteal d. Ventrogluteal The nurse administers a variety of drugs to a patient. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? a. I do not eat or drink when I have sublingual nitroglycerin in place. b. I mix all of these meds in my dessert and hope I am not too full to finish it. c. I keep the meds in their original labeled containers. d. I store medications away from children and pets. b. I mix all of these meds in my dessert and hope I am not too full to finish it. The nurse is teaching a patient to use an inhaler. What common teaching point is essential for the nurse to include? a. Cleaning the metered-dose inhaler or nebulizer is not recommended. b. The semi-Fowler or high Fowler position is recommended. c. Spacers decrease delivery of medication. d. Nebulizer change medications to a large-particle powder mist b. The semi-Fowler or high Fowler position is recommended. A 3 year old patient has an intramuscular medication ordered. What is the most appropriate approach to gain the child's cooperation? a. Engage the help of a second nurse to hold the child. b. Give a pretend injection to a toy animal. c. Restrain the patients upper extremities. d. Ask family members to leave the room. b. Give a pretend injection to a toy animal. The nurse prepares to administer oral medications to a patient. What nursing intervention is needed in addition to the "five-plus-five" rights to ensure safety? a. Assess patient for risk of aspiration. b. Mix two of the four medications into the meal. c. Administer drugs on a full stomach if food interferes with medication absorption. d. Administer irritating drugs without food to decrease gastrointestinal discomfort. a. Assess patient for risk of aspiration. A patient is to start on a lidocaine transdermal patch. What is essential for the nurse to include in the patient's teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Wear gloves when applying the patch. b. Cut the patch in half if a reduced dose is needed. c. Wear gloves when removing the patch. d. Rotate placement of the patch to different sites. e. Remove the patch if it becomes loose. a. Wear gloves when applying the patch. c. Wear gloves when removing the patch. d. Rotate placement of the patch to different sites.