A&P 1 MODULE 2 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
What are tissues distinguished by - ANS - cells that form them
- types and amount of extracellular material
Extracellular Fluid verus Intracellular fluid - ANS -Extracellular is the fluid that is found
outside the cell
-Intracellular is the fluid found inside the cell
What are the four main tissue types - ANS Epthelial
Nervous
Muscle
Nervous
List the main functions of the ET - ANS 1. Protective
2. Surrounds internal cavities
3. Secretion
4. Absorption
5. Excretion
6. Diffusion
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,7. Cleaning
What are some basic functions of Epithelial tissue in depth - ANS -Layer of protection (barrier
between internal and external environments
-lines hollow organs
-decreases friction and provides lubrication of organs by lining cavities
-manage materials in the body by secretion (producing hormones, sweat, milk and digestive
enzymes)
How does epithelial tissue provide protection? - ANS forms barriers between internal and
external environments and covers body surfaces
How does epithelium reduce friction? - ANS lines body cavities and secretes lubricating
substances
What is secretion in epithelial tissues - ANS production and release of substances like
hormones, sweat, milk. and digestive enzymes
what is absorption in epithelial tissue? - ANS movement of materials from the lumen into the
bloodstream
What is excretion in epithelial tissues? - ANS removal of wastes and unwanted materials from
the body
How does epithelium help with diffusion - ANS allows gases, liquids, or nutrients to pass
through its cells
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
,How does epithelial tissue cleanse the body - ANS blocks or removes dust, dirt, and particles
from body openings
What are the five defining characteristics of epithelial tissue? - ANS Polarity
Avascularity
Basement membrane attachment
Regenerative capacity
Specialized cell junctions.
Please Avoid Bad Rotten Sushi
What does polarity mean in epithelial cells? - ANS Cells have distinct apical, lateral, and basal
surfaces with specialized functions
What is the apical surface - ANS the free surface facing the external environment or lumen;
involved in secretion and absorption
What are microvilli? - ANS Finger-like extensions on the apical surface that increase surface
area for absorption and secretion.
What are cilia? - ANS Longer, motile extensions that move substances across the cell surface.
Where are ciliated epithelial cells commonly found? - ANS In the trachea and bronchi.
What does avascular mean? - ANS No direct blood supply.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
, How do epithelial cells receive nutrients if they are avascular? - ANS Through diffusion or
absorption from underlying tissues.
Are epithelial tissues innervated? (supply with nerves_ - ANS yes, they have nerve supply
What is the basement membrane? - ANS -A noncellular, protein-rich layer that anchors
epithelium to underlying tissue.
What is another name for the basement membrane? - ANS Basal lamina.
What is the function of the basement membrane? - ANS Provides support and separates
epithelium from other tissues.
Why is epithelium highly regenerative? - ANS -it frequently experiences damage and must
constantly replace lost cells.
Where are epithelial stem (germinative) cells located? - ANS Near the basement membrane.
How does epithelial regeneration compare to other tissues? - ANS It has a much higher rate
of cell division and replacement.
Why are epithelial cells always connected? - ANS They are joined by specialized cell junctions.
What are gap junctions? - ANS Communicating junctions that allow free diffusion of ions and
small molecules between cells.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 4
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
What are tissues distinguished by - ANS - cells that form them
- types and amount of extracellular material
Extracellular Fluid verus Intracellular fluid - ANS -Extracellular is the fluid that is found
outside the cell
-Intracellular is the fluid found inside the cell
What are the four main tissue types - ANS Epthelial
Nervous
Muscle
Nervous
List the main functions of the ET - ANS 1. Protective
2. Surrounds internal cavities
3. Secretion
4. Absorption
5. Excretion
6. Diffusion
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,7. Cleaning
What are some basic functions of Epithelial tissue in depth - ANS -Layer of protection (barrier
between internal and external environments
-lines hollow organs
-decreases friction and provides lubrication of organs by lining cavities
-manage materials in the body by secretion (producing hormones, sweat, milk and digestive
enzymes)
How does epithelial tissue provide protection? - ANS forms barriers between internal and
external environments and covers body surfaces
How does epithelium reduce friction? - ANS lines body cavities and secretes lubricating
substances
What is secretion in epithelial tissues - ANS production and release of substances like
hormones, sweat, milk. and digestive enzymes
what is absorption in epithelial tissue? - ANS movement of materials from the lumen into the
bloodstream
What is excretion in epithelial tissues? - ANS removal of wastes and unwanted materials from
the body
How does epithelium help with diffusion - ANS allows gases, liquids, or nutrients to pass
through its cells
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
,How does epithelial tissue cleanse the body - ANS blocks or removes dust, dirt, and particles
from body openings
What are the five defining characteristics of epithelial tissue? - ANS Polarity
Avascularity
Basement membrane attachment
Regenerative capacity
Specialized cell junctions.
Please Avoid Bad Rotten Sushi
What does polarity mean in epithelial cells? - ANS Cells have distinct apical, lateral, and basal
surfaces with specialized functions
What is the apical surface - ANS the free surface facing the external environment or lumen;
involved in secretion and absorption
What are microvilli? - ANS Finger-like extensions on the apical surface that increase surface
area for absorption and secretion.
What are cilia? - ANS Longer, motile extensions that move substances across the cell surface.
Where are ciliated epithelial cells commonly found? - ANS In the trachea and bronchi.
What does avascular mean? - ANS No direct blood supply.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
, How do epithelial cells receive nutrients if they are avascular? - ANS Through diffusion or
absorption from underlying tissues.
Are epithelial tissues innervated? (supply with nerves_ - ANS yes, they have nerve supply
What is the basement membrane? - ANS -A noncellular, protein-rich layer that anchors
epithelium to underlying tissue.
What is another name for the basement membrane? - ANS Basal lamina.
What is the function of the basement membrane? - ANS Provides support and separates
epithelium from other tissues.
Why is epithelium highly regenerative? - ANS -it frequently experiences damage and must
constantly replace lost cells.
Where are epithelial stem (germinative) cells located? - ANS Near the basement membrane.
How does epithelial regeneration compare to other tissues? - ANS It has a much higher rate
of cell division and replacement.
Why are epithelial cells always connected? - ANS They are joined by specialized cell junctions.
What are gap junctions? - ANS Communicating junctions that allow free diffusion of ions and
small molecules between cells.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 4
